{"id":727,"date":"2018-10-03T12:04:06","date_gmt":"2018-10-03T09:04:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/teoriveeylem.net\/?p=727"},"modified":"2023-01-17T16:22:26","modified_gmt":"2023-01-17T13:22:26","slug":"krizin-yuklerine-karsi-mucadele-platformu-icin-giris","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/teoriveeylem.net\/tr\/2018\/10\/03\/krizin-yuklerine-karsi-mucadele-platformu-icin-giris\/","title":{"rendered":"Krizin y\u00fcklerine kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele platformu i\u00e7in giri\u015f"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kadir Yal\u00e7\u0131n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Erdo\u011fan-AKP h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin, \u00fcretimdeki t\u00f6kezlemenin ard\u0131ndan \u201cpara<\/em>\u201d-d\u00f6viz kriziyle patlak verip geli\u015fmekte olan kriz s\u00fcrecini a\u00e7\u0131klamak \u00fczere sar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cAmerika T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ekonomik sava\u015f a\u00e7t\u0131<\/em>\u201d i\u00e7erikli, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n komplolarla d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sav\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ersizli\u011fi az \u00e7ok ekonomi bilgisine sahip \u00e7ok say\u0131da ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan ortaya kondu. Dergimizin ge\u00e7en say\u0131s\u0131nda biz de \u00fczerinde durduk.<\/p>\n

Neden bir \u201cd\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u015fman<\/em>\u201d aray\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olundu\u011fu hakk\u0131nda da fazla bir tart\u0131\u015fma yok. Daha d\u00fcne kadarki \u201cba\u015f m\u00fcttefikimiz<\/em>\u201d ABD\u2019nin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi ve b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini \u00e7ekemeyip bat\u0131rmaya azmetmi\u015f bir \u201c\u00fcst ak\u0131l<\/em>\u201d olarak Dolardaki y\u00fckseli\u015fin m\u00fcsebbibi say\u0131l\u0131p, \u201cd\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u015fman<\/em>\u201d ilan edilmesinin nedeni a\u00e7\u0131k ve \u00f6nceki makalede \u00fczerinde durulmu\u015ftu. \u0130\u00e7ine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclen kriz s\u00fcrecinde \u015fimdiden olu\u015fmaya ba\u015flayan y\u00fcklerin faturas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fta i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 olmak \u00fczere eme\u011fiyle ge\u00e7inen y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlara \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in onaylar\u0131 al\u0131n\u0131p y\u00fckleri s\u0131rtlanmalar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131, ba\u015fl\u0131ca ama\u00e7t\u0131r. \u00d6yleyse s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin, ABD taraf\u0131ndan sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011frayan, t\u00fcm\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu \u201chepimizin sahibi oldu\u011fumuz gemi<\/em>\u201d nitelemesiyle \u201cortak bir kurtulu\u015fa<\/em>\u201d, \u201cyeni bir Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019na<\/em>\u201d ihtiyac\u0131 oldu\u011funa inand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r. Bilinmektedir ki, ancak yarat\u0131lacak b\u00f6yle bir alg\u0131yla ikna edildiklerinde s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar yedeklenebilecektir.<\/p>\n

Kriz s\u00fcrecinde egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar ve onlar ad\u0131na y\u00f6netenlerin birincil ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131, bundan ba\u015fkas\u0131 de\u011fildir: Almaya ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131, kapitalist niteli\u011fi tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z, devlet olanaklar\u0131yla kaynaklar\u0131n sermayeye aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7erikli \u00f6nlemler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda sessiz kalarak, i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7iler, g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak tekelci burjuvaziye yedeklenmeyi kabullenmelidirler!<\/p>\n

Ancak Erdo\u011fan-AKP y\u00f6netiminin kriz kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131 pe\u015fine takmada kullanaca\u011f\u0131 tek silah\u0131n \u201cd\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u015fman<\/em>\u201d ve \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye a\u00e7\u0131lan ekonomik sava\u015f<\/em>\u201dtan ibaret oldu\u011fu san\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Tekeller ve AKP h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin, \u201cd\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u015fman<\/em>\u201d ile ekonomideki a\u00e7mazlar aras\u0131nda kurulan ili\u015fkiye dayand\u0131r\u0131lan milliyet\u00e7i propagandan\u0131n yan\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli tarikat ve cemaatlerin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmekte olan dinci propagandadan da yararland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fma g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez. Tarikatlar\u0131n AKP d\u00f6neminde elde ettiklerini kaybetmemek i\u00e7in ellerinden geleni artlar\u0131na koymayacaklar\u0131 ortadad\u0131r. Kullan\u0131mda olan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir etkense, T\u00fcrkiye halk\u0131n\u0131n ciddi bir kutupla\u015fmaya u\u011fram\u0131\u015f ve neredeyse yar\u0131 yar\u0131ya b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f halde, yaln\u0131zca AKP de\u011fil, ama burjuva muhalefet de hesaba kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda genel olarak burjuvazi ve \u00f6zellikle tekeller taraf\u0131ndan yedekleniyor olu\u015fudur. Bu, iki tarafl\u0131 keskin k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 gibi, halk kitlelerini ku\u015fatma alt\u0131nda tutan bir b\u00f6l\u00fcnmedir. Bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli etken, i\u015f\u00e7i ve halk muhalefetinin \u00f6rg\u00fct ve bilin\u00e7 d\u00fczeyinin son derece zay\u0131f olu\u015fudur. Son olarak, nesnel ko\u015fullar\u0131yla birlikte t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olan ve etkilerini a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131ran bir etkenin, medyas\u0131 ve sair ideolojik ayg\u0131tlar\u0131yla birlikte hemen t\u00fcm siyasal erki elinde toplam\u0131\u015f \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc-bast\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir \u201cara\u00e7<\/em>\u201d durumundaki otoriter\/fa\u015fist tek adam-tek parti y\u00f6netiminin s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etmek gerekir.<\/p>\n

\u201cHEP\u0130M\u0130Z B\u0130RL\u0130KTE\u201d DE\u011e\u0130L\u0130Z; B\u0130RL\u0130KTE KURTULU\u015e OLANAKSIZ<\/strong><\/p>\n

Oysa, ister Amerika sald\u0131rs\u0131n ister Rusya, ister ba\u015fkas\u0131 ya da d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bir veya birka\u00e7 sald\u0131ran olsun olmas\u0131n, \u015fu iki ger\u00e7e\u011fin alt\u0131 kal\u0131n \u00e7izgilerle \u00e7izilmelidir:<\/p>\n

1) Siyasal nedenlerle Amerika ya da ba\u015fka bir \u00fclke ile T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131nda bir siyasal kriz ba\u015f g\u00f6sterebilir, bu m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ancak herhangi iki \u00fclke aras\u0131ndaki bir siyasal kriz, finansal ya da sanayide patlak verecek ya da \u00f6demeler dengesinde ba\u015f g\u00f6sterecek bir krizi ku\u015fkusuz etkiler, hatta a\u011f\u0131r ambargolar bu krizlerin hareket ettiricisi bile olabilir; ancak s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen krizler, sonu\u00e7ta ekonomide ve finans sisteminde, \u00f6zellikle \u00fcretim ve de\u011fi\u015fim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde bozulmalar\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131karlar.<\/p>\n

Ve 2) Bir d\u0131\u015f sald\u0131r\u0131 olsun ya da olmas\u0131n, sadece T\u00fcrkiye toplumu de\u011fil, hi\u00e7bir kapitalist \u00fclke toplumu, hi\u00e7bir zaman ve hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde ortak \u00e7\u0131karlara sahip insanlardan olu\u015fan yekpare bir toplum de\u011fildir, olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye de i\u00e7inde olmak \u00fczere kapitalist toplumlar, \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 birbirlerininkiyle \u00e7at\u0131\u015fan kar\u015f\u0131t s\u0131n\u0131flar ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere, farkl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karlara sahip s\u0131n\u0131flara b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ile burjuvazi aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7\u0131kar kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 giderilebilir t\u00fcrden de\u011fildir; tekelci burjuvaziyle i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n uzla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p uyumla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilece\u011fi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclemez. Biri s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr, di\u011feri s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen; burjuvazi, ancak s\u0131rt\u0131ndan art\u0131-de\u011fer s\u0131zd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7iyi s\u00f6m\u00fcrerek var olabilir. Sermaye birikimi, ancak ve sadece i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc ile olanakl\u0131d\u0131r ve art\u0131-de\u011fer \u00fcretimine dayan\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ile burjuvazi aras\u0131ndaki bir birlikteli\u011fin tek ko\u015fulu, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc onaylay\u0131p kabullenmesidir! Bu da, herhalde bir kand\u0131rmaya ihtiya\u00e7 g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n

Tekelci burjuvazi (ve arkas\u0131ndaki emperyalist burjuvazi) ile sadece i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 de\u011fil, mevsimlik vb. i\u015f\u00e7i durumundaki yar\u0131-proletarya ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere emek-g\u00fcc\u00fcyle ge\u00e7inen geni\u015f y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki de s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc ve bask\u0131ya dayal\u0131 bir kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131k ili\u015fkisidir. Yine kent ve k\u0131r\u0131n geni\u015f k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva tabakalar\u0131yla emperyalizm ve i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i tekeller aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki de talan ve bask\u0131ya dayal\u0131 bir ili\u015fkidir.<\/p>\n

K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuvazi; ku\u015fkusuz zaman zaman ve mevsimlik vb. olarak yan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda i\u015f\u00e7ileri can\u0131ndan bezdirecek vah\u015fi bir s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc zorlar ve ikili s\u0131n\u0131f karakteri (hem s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc, hem emek-g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kullanan) nedeniyle yalpalar. Ancak hem \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu i\u015f\u00e7i de \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmadan emek-g\u00fcc\u00fc sahibi oldu\u011fundan, hem de yerli ve yabanc\u0131 tekelci burjuvazinin \u2013hele kriz d\u00f6nemlerinde fazlas\u0131yla artan\u2013 bask\u0131 ve talan\u0131n\u0131 ili\u011finde-kemi\u011finde hissetti\u011finden, bu bask\u0131 ve talan, \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131yla y\u00f6nelim ve tutumlar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemede esas etkendir. Emperyalist ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k ili\u015fkileri kadar i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i yerli tekellerin ya\u011fmac\u0131 bask\u0131s\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruman\u0131n, e\u011fer \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorsa birka\u00e7 \u00fccretli i\u015f\u00e7inin s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclmesiyle olanakl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok kez s\u0131navdan ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f kat\u0131 bir ger\u00e7ektir. Pozisyonunu nesnel olarak belirleyen, az-\u00e7ok tutarl\u0131 ve kal\u0131c\u0131 emperyalist ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k ve yerli tekelci talan-dikte ili\u015fkileri ve bask\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak \u015fekillenir. Buradan, emperyalizm ve tekellere kar\u015f\u0131, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131yla, g\u00f6rece tutarl\u0131 ve kal\u0131c\u0131 bir bir araya geli\u015f ve birlikte m\u00fccadele t\u00fcreyebilir.<\/p>\n

Tekel d\u0131\u015f\u0131 burjuva katmanlarla yerli ve yabanc\u0131 tekellerin ili\u015fkisine gelince…<\/p>\n

S\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131flar olarak, iki burjuva tabakan\u0131n, s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc d\u00fczeninin devam\u0131 ve i\u015f\u00e7i haklar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olduk\u00e7a k\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131p s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc \u00fcstelik yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131rarak s\u00fcrd\u00fcrme, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesine d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k ve uluslararas\u0131 kapitalist emperyalist sistemi benimseyip savunmada \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n uyu\u015ftu\u011fu tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131zd\u0131r. \u00c7o\u011fu durumda \u00fcretim ve de\u011fi\u015fim s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde tekellere ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; tekellere yedek par\u00e7a \u00fcretir, onlar\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini pazarlar vb. Tekel-d\u0131\u015f\u0131 burjuvazi, kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 g\u00f6zetildik\u00e7e emperyalistlerle iyi ili\u015fkiler geli\u015ftirilmesine de onay vermi\u015ftir, verir. Kriz d\u00f6nemlerinde, \u00f6zellikle artarak, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131nda ayakta kalmaya y\u00f6nelir. Kendisini de olumsuz etkilemekte olan ve iflas\u0131n\u0131 zorlayan krizin y\u00fcklerini, \u00f6l\u00fcm-kal\u0131m kavgas\u0131 oldu\u011funun fark\u0131nda olarak, ola\u011fan zamanlara g\u00f6re artan bir vah\u015filikte i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131na aktararak varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan tekel-d\u0131\u015f\u0131 burjuvazi, kendisini de etkileyen emperyalist (ve tekelci) bask\u0131dan etkilendi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ve onunla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olarak, bu bask\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 e\u011filimler g\u00f6sterebilir. Birka\u00e7 y\u0131ld\u0131r \u00f6zellikle tek adam y\u00f6netimi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda geli\u015fen burjuva muhalefetin \u00f6nemli bir dayana\u011f\u0131 \u2013tekellerin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn konjonkt\u00fcrel muhalefetinin yan\u0131nda\u2013 buradad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ancak unutulmamas\u0131 zorunlu olan; en az tekellerinki kadar vah\u015fi s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131f karakterinin yan\u0131nda, yerli ve yabanc\u0131 tekelci kapitalist bask\u0131dan etkilenmesi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnde bazen artarak bazense azal\u0131p hatta fark edilmez olarak, s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen bask\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki tutars\u0131zl\u0131k ve ge\u00e7iciliktir ve ancak son derece \u00f6zel \u015fartlarda y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc halkla d\u00f6nme e\u011filimi g\u00f6sterebilir. Bu \u00f6zel durumlarda da, tutars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bask\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki y\u00f6neliminin ge\u00e7icili\u011fi s\u00fcrer, y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc halka d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde de bu, halk\u0131 yedekleme ama\u00e7l\u0131d\u0131r; ve ge\u00e7ici anla\u015fmalar yap\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde bile, stratejik planlamada yozla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 burjuva etkisi bertaraf edilmek \u00fczere tecrit edilmesi zorunludur.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rneklenirse… Ola\u011fan tekelci kapitalizm ko\u015fullar\u0131nda \u0130stanbul 3. Havaalan\u0131 \u015eantiyesinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretlerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve y\u00fczlercesi i\u015f cinayetine kurban giden i\u015f\u00e7ilerle \u0130GA<\/strong> ad\u0131yla olu\u015fturulan konsorsiyumun ortaklar\u0131 Limak<\/strong>, Cengiz<\/strong>, MAPA<\/strong>, Kolin<\/strong>, Kalyon<\/strong> tekel gruplar\u0131 aras\u0131nda herhangi \u00e7\u0131kar birli\u011fi ya da benzerli\u011finden s\u00f6z edilemeyece\u011fi ortadad\u0131r. Ve hele kriz ko\u015fullar\u0131nda on y\u0131llar s\u00fcrecek milyar dolarl\u0131k garantili havaalan\u0131 i\u015fletmecili\u011fi gelirine \u015fimdiden konmu\u015f olan bu tekellerle ne bu gelirlerin vergileriyle kar\u015f\u0131lanaca\u011f\u0131 emek\u00e7i halk, ne de kriz gerek\u00e7e g\u00f6sterilerek \u015fimdiden \u00fc\u00e7 ki\u015finin i\u015fi bir ki\u015fiye y\u0131k\u0131lmaya ve onlarcas\u0131 i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f in\u015faat i\u015f\u00e7ileri aras\u0131nda bir \u00e7\u0131kar benzerli\u011fi iddia edilebilir. \u201cYeter!<\/em>\u201d diyen i\u015f\u00e7iler, Eyl\u00fcl i\u00e7inde bunu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Sadece \u00fcr\u00fcnlerine fiyat dikte etmekle kalmayan, ama fiyat d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme bahaneli ithalatla kendilerini iflasa s\u00fcr\u00fckleyen tekelci burjuvazinin, f\u0131nd\u0131k \u00fcreticisiyle mi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 uyum i\u00e7indedir yoksa nohut ve fasulye ve hele k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015f hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k yapma u\u011fra\u015f\u0131ndaki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fcreticilerle mi? Ziraat Bankas\u0131 ya da di\u011ferleri \u00f6rne\u011fin, onlara \u00fcretim girdileri i\u00e7in krediyi, birbirleriyle yar\u0131\u015f halinde faizleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrerek, hatta faizsiz mi vermektedirler ki, \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir uyumdan s\u00f6z edilebilsin? Hele kriz bahanesiyle tekelci mali oligarklar, \u201cgemi hepimizin<\/em>\u201d t\u00fcr\u00fc aldatmacalar\u0131 bizzat kendileri yerle bir ederek, \u00fcretici k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u00f6yl\u00fcy\u00fc k\u0131m\u0131ldayamaz duruma sokmak \u00fczere faizleri t\u0131rmand\u0131rmaya \u00e7oktan ba\u015flamad\u0131lar m\u0131?<\/p>\n

Son a\u00e7\u0131klanan verilere g\u00f6re, 2018 Temmuz sonu itibariyle ilk 7 ayda bankac\u0131l\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn faizden elde etti\u011fi gelir 183.5 milyar TL\u2019den fazla. Mevduatlara vb. \u00f6denen faiz giderleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, \u2013yat\u0131r\u0131m, sigorta vb. finans \u015firketleri bir yana\u2013 sadece bankalar\u0131n net faiz geliri, 79.3 milyar TL. Bu rakam 2017\u2019nin ayn\u0131 d\u00f6neminde 64.2 milyar TL\u2019ydi; ve art\u0131\u015f, ge\u00e7en y\u0131lla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda %35.[1]<\/a> Bu y\u0131lki art\u0131\u015f\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck dilimi, \u00f6rnek verilen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7ift\u00e7iler de i\u00e7inde, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lan kredi faizlerinden kaynaklan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn net k\u00e2r\u0131na gelince, ge\u00e7en y\u0131l Temmuz sonu itibariyle 29.4 milyar TL olan rakam, bu y\u0131l ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde 33.5 milyar TL olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor. Ge\u00e7en y\u0131la g\u00f6re art\u0131\u015f oran\u0131 %15.5. Bankalar\u0131n net k\u00e2r\u0131n\u0131n 2016\u2019\u0131n tamam\u0131nda 37.5, 2017\u2019deyse 49 milyar TL oldu\u011fu hat\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, neredeyse 2016\u2019\u0131n toplam net k\u00e2r\u0131 bu y\u0131l\u0131n ilk 7 ay\u0131nda elde edilmi\u015f oluyor. Bu, ayn\u0131 zamanda, 2017 net k\u00e2r\u0131n\u0131n %68\u2019inden fazla. Hazine ve Maliye Bakan\u0131\u2019yla sair ilgililer bo\u015funa \u201cbanka sistemimiz sa\u011flam<\/em>\u201d demiyorlar! Ancak soru \u015fu: Hangi i\u015f\u00e7i ya da kentte ve k\u00f6yde ba\u015fl\u0131ca emek-g\u00fcc\u00fcyle ge\u00e7inen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00fcretici b\u00f6ylesine faiz ya da sair gelirler ve k\u00e2r elde edebilmi\u015ftir ki, hi\u00e7 de\u011filse bir \u00e7\u0131kar yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahsedilebilsin? \u00dcstelik verilen rakamlar dolar\u0131n f\u0131rlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00f6ncesine aittir ve A\u011fustos ve Eyl\u00fcl\u2019de gelirlerdeki dengesizlik ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131karlardaki farkl\u0131l\u0131k u\u00e7urumunun b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011fu tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bankalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcyen gelirlerinin, ancak, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve emek-g\u00fcc\u00fcyle ge\u00e7inenlerin gelirlerindeki azal\u0131\u015f ra\u011fm\u0131na, ikincilerden birincilere gelir transferi yoluyla ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilece\u011fi ve b\u00f6yle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini kan\u0131tlamaya ihtiya\u00e7 yoktur. Bu, emekle sermaye ve gelir ve kaynaklar\u0131 ya\u011fmalananlarla tekeller aras\u0131ndaki kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131n do\u011fas\u0131ndand\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kriz s\u00fcrecinin ilerleyi\u015fi, \u015fimdiden, \u00f6rne\u011fin i\u015ften atmalarla ve basit bir gelir transferiyle yetinilmez olundu\u011funu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Kapitalizmin ayr\u0131lmaz yol arkada\u015f\u0131 olan i\u015fsizlik, \u015fimdi art\u0131k, \u201cpara<\/em>\u201d\/d\u00f6viz krizi nedeniyle dolarla hammadde ithal edip i\u015fleyerek TL \u00fczerinden i\u00e7 pazara sat\u0131\u015f yapan \u00f6rne\u011fin Antep Zeki Mensucat\u2019\u0131n[2]<\/a> yeterince k\u00e2rl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00fcretimi s\u00fcrd\u00fcremez hale gelip, b\u00f6l\u00fcm ve giderek fabrika kapatmaya y\u00f6nelmesinin sonucu olarak t\u0131rman\u0131\u015fa ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir ve krizin y\u00fcklerinin i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131na y\u00fcklenmesinin \u00f6rne\u011fi durumundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Rakamlar\u0131 ortada olan \u00e7\u0131karlardaki uyumsuzlu\u011fun sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r t\u00fcrden de\u011fildir: \u00dcretim s\u00fcrecindeki maddi toplumsal pozisyon ve ko\u015fullar\u0131yla buradan olu\u015fan sorun\/dert ve \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 benzer olmay\u0131p bunca farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6steren kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131k halindeki s\u0131n\u0131f ve tabakalar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ayn\u0131 anda esenli\u011fe ula\u015ft\u0131racak \u00f6nlem ya da \u00f6nlemler dizgesi yoktur, ke\u015ffedilmemi\u015ftir, bulunamaz.<\/p>\n

Ola\u011fan kapitalist ko\u015fullardaki nesnel \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131, sorun ve dertleriyle, bu \u00e7\u0131kar, sorun ve dertlerin ko\u015fulland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 taleplerdeki farkl\u0131l\u0131k ve kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131klar, bug\u00fcnden g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, kriz ko\u015fullar\u0131nda ancak b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fcp derinle\u015fecektir ve \u015fimdiden \u00f6yle olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Aralar\u0131nda, bir yandan as\u0131l olarak i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve halk kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda tekellerle bask\u0131 ayg\u0131tlar\u0131na do\u011fru, bir yandan da kriz ko\u015fullar\u0131nda tekellerin \u00f6zellikle a\u011f\u0131rla\u015fan ekonomik, mali ve siyasal dayatma ve bask\u0131lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda rekabet edebilir ko\u015fullarla kendisine hukuk ve \u201cdemokrasi<\/em>\u201d[3]<\/a> talep ederek yalpalayan ve tecrit edilmesi gereken tekel-d\u0131\u015f\u0131 (orta) burjuvazinin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 iki ana grup<\/em><\/strong> olu\u015fturan g\u00fc\u00e7 bulunuyor: a) Arkas\u0131nda emperyalist efendileriyle i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i tekelci burjuvazi ve b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak sahipleri ve b) i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, k\u0131r\u0131n ve kentin yar\u0131-proleterleri ve genellikle kendi emek-g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kullanan k\u0131r ve kentin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuvazisi, kriz taraf\u0131ndan a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmakta olan sorunlar\u0131, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma halindeki \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 ve birbirleriyle uyumland\u0131r\u0131lamaz talep ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131yla, isteklerinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yad\u0131rlar. Bu nesnel olarak kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya olu\u015flar\u0131, krizin geli\u015fimiyle uzla\u015fmaya ve birli\u011fe de\u011fil, tersine uzla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011fa ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya do\u011fru geli\u015fmeden edemez ve birbirlerini alt etmeye y\u00f6nelik bir m\u00fccadeleyi ko\u015fullar.<\/p>\n

\u00d6yleyse krizin y\u00fcklerine kar\u015f\u0131 bir m\u00fccadele platformu, \u201chepimizin olan gemiyi kurtarmak<\/em>\u201d \u00fczere, s\u0131n\u0131f ayr\u0131m\u0131 yapmadan tasarlan\u0131p temellendirilemez.<\/p>\n

Nesnellik temeldir, ancak platform \u00f6znel etkenleri dikkate al\u0131r<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kriz ve krizin y\u00fcklerine kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, \u015f\u00fcphe yok ki, sadece \u00e7\u0131kar farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n dikkate al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131 toplumsal nesnellikler \u00fczerinde durulmas\u0131yla yetinilemez. Bir dizi \u00f6znelli\u011fin, ba\u015fl\u0131ca s\u0131n\u0131flar ve \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131k ve farkl\u0131l\u0131klarla tan\u0131mlanabilecek nesnel durum ve geli\u015fmesi \u00fczerinde etkide bulundu\u011fu ve bulunaca\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fma g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez. \u00d6znel etkenler, siyasal bilin\u00e7 ve \u00f6rg\u00fct d\u00fczeyi, aldat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n da i\u015flevini azalt\u0131p art\u0131rabilir ve bu da nesnel kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131k ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n somut bi\u00e7imleni\u015fi ve geli\u015fimini olumlu ya da olumsuz etkiler. Tek adam y\u00f6netimi durumundaki siyasal iktidar\u0131n gericili\u011fi birle\u015ftirmede g\u00f6sterece\u011fi ba\u015far\u0131 ve \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fczeyiyle halk\u0131 etkileme g\u00fcc\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131 olan sapt\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 ve bast\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 yetene\u011fi, ku\u015fku yok ki, t\u00fcm nesnellik \u00fczerinde etkisini g\u00f6sterecektir. \u00d6znel etkenler nesnelli\u011fin yerine ge\u00e7emez ve tarih kimilerinin proje ve tasar\u0131mlar\u0131yla ilerlemez; ancak \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 birbirleriyle \u00e7at\u0131\u015fan s\u0131n\u0131f ve tabakalar aras\u0131ndaki m\u00fccadele, nesnel kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131klar \u00fczerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecek olmakla birlikte, alg\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, e\u011filim ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme durumlar\u0131yla \u015fekillenecek ve bug\u00fcnden yar\u0131na de\u011fi\u015febilecek \u00e7er\u00e7eveleriyle somut kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya geli\u015fler olarak y\u00fcr\u00fcyecektir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla krizin y\u00fcklerine kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele platformu, tabii ki nesnel durum ve geli\u015fme y\u00f6n\u00fc \u00fczerine oturmal\u0131, ama as\u0131l olarak bu \u00f6znel etkenleri; ba\u015fl\u0131ca i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve emek\u00e7i tabakalar\u0131n ruh hali ve m\u00fccadele etme isteklili\u011fi de i\u00e7inde olmak \u00fczere, bilin\u00e7 ve \u00f6rg\u00fct d\u00fczeyleriyle \u2013ayn\u0131 anlama gelerek, kapitalizm ve mali sermaye egemenli\u011fiyle bu egemenli\u011finin \u201cy\u00fcr\u00fctme komitesi<\/em>\u201d ve burjuva muhalefetinin etkisinden, k\u0131sacas\u0131 genel olarak mevcut d\u00fczenden kopu\u015f e\u011filimleri ve bunun \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcyle\u2013 ilgilenmeli ve bunlar\u0131 olumlu y\u00f6nde ilerletmeye hizmet etmelidir.<\/p>\n

KAP\u0130TAL\u0130ST D\u00dcZENLE SINIRLANMA YA DA ALTERNAT\u0130F SORUNU<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir zamanlar bir Margaret Thatcher vard\u0131. \u0130ngiltere Ba\u015fbakan\u0131yd\u0131. Reagan ve \u00d6zal\u2019la birlikte neo-liberalizmin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekendi. \u201cThere is no alternative<\/em>\u201d (\u201cBa\u015fka alternatif yok<\/em>\u201d) \u00fcnl\u00fc laf\u0131yd\u0131. Devletin ekonomiden ve \u00f6zellikle kamu hizmetlerinden el \u00e7ekmesini, \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmeleri, madenleri kapatmay\u0131, \u00fccretleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ekmeyi, grevleri olanaks\u0131z k\u0131lacak tedbirler almay\u0131… program edinmi\u015fti ve \u201cne yap\u0131yorsun?<\/em>\u201d diye sorup \u201cb\u00f6yle olmaz<\/em>\u201d diyenlere bu yan\u0131t\u0131 veriyordu. Ku\u015fkusuz alternatif vard\u0131, ama \u00f6znel ko\u015fullar\u0131n elveri\u015fsizli\u011fi nedeniyle pratik uygulanabilirli\u011fi bulunmuyordu; en ba\u015fta, iktidarda oldu\u011fu \u00fclkelerde ve uluslararas\u0131 ili\u015fkilerde t\u0131kanmakta olan modern revizyonizmin b\u00fcy\u00fck tahribata neden oldu\u011fu i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6rg\u00fctleri i\u015f\u00e7i aristokrasisiyle b\u00fcrokrasisinin denetiminde son derece da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k, ve i\u015f\u00e7ilerin kafalar\u0131 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kt\u0131. Kapitalizme alternatif arama ve olu\u015fturma bir yana, Thatcher \u201c\u00e7\u0131ta<\/em>\u201dy\u0131 \u00f6ylesine y\u00fckse\u011fe koymu\u015ftu ki, kapitalizm ko\u015fullar\u0131nda da neo-liberal program ve uygulamalardan ba\u015fka alternatif olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131ndayd\u0131. \u0130ddia, modern revizyonizmin eliyle sosyalizmin pratik bir alternatif olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve art\u0131k \u00f6rne\u011fin \u201940\u2019lar ve sonras\u0131ndaki t\u00fcrden d\u00fcnya burjuvazisinin \u2013hi\u00e7 de\u011filse sosyalizmin yak\u0131n etkisi alt\u0131ndaki Avrupa\u2019da SSCB ve d\u00fcnya i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu \u201ck\u00f6t\u00fc \u00f6rnek<\/em>\u201din \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc kesmek \u00fczere\u2013 \u201csosyal devlet<\/em>\u201d politikalar\u0131 uygulamaktan ba\u015fka \u00e7aresinin kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamanlardan farkl\u0131 olarak, d\u00fcnyada yeni ko\u015fullar\u0131n olu\u015ftu\u011fu bir d\u00f6nemde, mali sermaye ve tekellerin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 ve ata\u011fa kalkma y\u00f6nelimini ifade ediyordu. \u00d6rne\u011fin sosyal-demokrasi, kapitalizm i\u00e7inde bir \u201calternatif<\/em>\u201d politika \u00fcretip \u00f6neremedi, bu sosyal-demokrasinin sonunun ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 oldu. \u201c\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Yol<\/em>\u201duyla Tony Blair ve \u201cHartz Yasalar\u0131<\/em>\u201dyla Gerhard Schr\u00f6der, s\u0131n\u0131f uzla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 niteli\u011fine son vererek, onu, ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak \u00fczere tamamen tekelci sermayeye yamad\u0131lar. \u00d6nceleri emekle sermayeyi uzla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 politika bilip, belirli paylar kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 eme\u011fin sermayeye pe\u015fke\u015f \u00e7ekili\u015fine arac\u0131l\u0131k eden sosyal-demokrasi, Thatcher\u2019\u0131n iddias\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z b\u0131rakmas\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak, kendi zeminini ve varl\u0131k nedenini yitirdi, gereksizle\u015fti.<\/p>\n

\u00d6ncesi bir yana, 2001 ve hele t\u00fcm kapitalist d\u00fcnyay\u0131 silkeleyen 2008 Krizleriyle \u015fimdi bir ucundan yine olu\u015fmaya ba\u015flay\u0131p d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131lma belirtileri g\u00f6steren krizin ard\u0131ndan, art\u0131k Thatcher\u2019in iddias\u0131 da de\u011ferinden kaybetmi\u015f bulunuyor. Do\u011frulay\u0131c\u0131 ve me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 akademisyenleriyle kapitalist d\u00fcnya, belirli \u201c\u00e7\u0131palar\u0131<\/em>\u201d olan ve \u201cOrtodoks<\/em>\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlanan bir yol tutturmu\u015f y\u00fcr\u00fcyor olmakla birlikte, eski IMF Ba\u015fkan\u0131 dahil pek \u00e7ok ekonomist ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere, yine akademiden k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsenemez ele\u015ftiriler y\u00fckselmektedir. Neredeyse t\u00fcm\u00fc politik i\u00e7eri\u011fiyle sosyal-demokrat nitelikli olan, kimi Keynesyen kimi daha farkl\u0131 alternatif \u00f6neriler, bug\u00fcn eskiden oldu\u011fu gibi yok say\u0131lamamaktad\u0131r. Thatcher\u2019\u0131n ve iddias\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ersizli\u011fini ilan eden bu alternatif \u00f6nerilerinin karakteristi\u011fi, krize kapitalizmin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm aramalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u015eu demektir ki, yine mali sermaye ve tekellerle i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131 ve halklar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 uyum halinde ya da uyumland\u0131r\u0131labilir kabul edilecek ve nesnel olarak birbirini hedefleyip ge\u00e7ersizle\u015ftiren talepler uzla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p ortakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r. \u201cAlternatifsiz<\/em>\u201d varsay\u0131lan neo-liberal ya da bug\u00fcnden T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de hayata ge\u00e7irilmeye ba\u015flanan ve \u201cOrtodoks<\/em>\u201dlukla tan\u0131mlanan Thatcherc\u0131-Dervi\u015f\u00e7i \u201c\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/em>\u201d krizin t\u00fcm y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc tavizsizce emek y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131na y\u0131kmaya y\u00f6nelmi\u015fken; d\u00fczen-i\u00e7i sair \u201c\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/em>\u201d aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n fark\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131-be\u015f yukar\u0131 tavizlerle emek y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zetiyor g\u00f6r\u00fcnerek, y\u00fck\u00fc yine onlar\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131na y\u0131kma \u00e7abas\u0131nda olu\u015flar\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sosyal-demokrat i\u00e7erikli olmayan iki \u00f6neri<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015e\u00fcphesiz Erdo\u011fan-AKP tek adam y\u00f6netimiyle anla\u015fmazl\u0131klara sahip olan burjuva, ama sosyal-demokrat i\u00e7erikli olmayan \u201c\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/em>\u201d \u00f6nerilerinin de s\u00f6z\u00fc edilmelidir. \u0130ki \u00f6rnekten biri, \u0130Y\u0130 Parti do\u011frultusunda davranan, bir uluslararas\u0131 mali sermaye kurumu olan IMF\u2019ye mahkumiyetin yan\u0131nda \u201ckamuda h\u0131zl\u0131 ve kat\u0131 tasarruf politikas\u0131<\/em>\u201d \u00f6nerisiyle makam arabalar\u0131 israf\u0131 ard\u0131na gizlenmi\u015f kamusal hizmetlerde kesinti isteyen Yeni \u00c7a\u011f yazar\u0131 milliyet\u00e7i burjuva muhalif Esfender Korkmaz\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nerisidir:<\/p>\n

\u201cCumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdo\u011fan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p acil istikrar program\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamal\u0131d\u0131r. K\u0131sa vadede yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekenler de \u015funlard\u0131r: Faizler art\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Merkez Bankas\u0131, kuru da g\u00f6zetece\u011fini belirtmelidir. Kontroll\u00fc kur politikas\u0131na ge\u00e7ilmelidir. Kamuda h\u0131zl\u0131 ve kat\u0131 tasarruf politikas\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lmal\u0131, pop\u00fclist politikalardan vazge\u00e7melidir. \u0130kincisi IMF tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 bitti. 220 milyar dolarl\u0131k borcu \u00e7evirebilmemiz i\u00e7in IMF ile temasa ge\u00e7ilmesi gerekiyor.<\/em>\u201d[4]<\/a><\/p>\n

Burada emekle sermayenin, zarar g\u00f6renlerle tekellerin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n uzla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 tutumu bile yoktur.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci \u00f6rnek, Ayd\u0131nl\u0131k gazetesinin \u201cUzmanlar, ekonomik krizin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in \u2018planl\u0131 ekonomiye\u2019 ge\u00e7ilmesi ve 1929 modelinin esas al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtti<\/em>\u201d \u015feklinde propaganda etti\u011fi, kendi yanda\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan bir ekonomistin \u201c\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/em>\u201d \u00f6nerisidir:<\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00fcrkiye bug\u00fcn 1929\u2019u \u00f6rnek almal\u0131d\u0131r. O d\u00f6nemde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin elinde paras\u0131 da yoktu. Planl\u0131 bir ekonomi ile mucize yaratt\u0131. Bug\u00fcn kurulu ana sanayilerin \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc o d\u00f6nemden kalmad\u0131r. Demir-\u00e7elik sekt\u00f6r\u00fc bunun en somut \u00f6rne\u011fidir. T\u00fcrkiye bunlar\u0131 yaparken de bir kuru\u015f bor\u00e7 almam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/strong>. T\u00fcrkiye ge\u00e7mi\u015fte bunlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck dayan\u0131\u015fma ile a\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sanayide, e\u011fitimde her alanda yap\u0131lanlar bellidir. D\u00fcnya\u2019da en y\u00fcksek b\u00fcy\u00fcme ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Bunlar\u0131n tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lacak bir yan\u0131 da yoktur. T\u00fcrkiye bug\u00fcn i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu krizi de 1929\u2019u \u00f6rnek alarak a\u015fabilir.<\/em>\u201d[5]<\/a><\/p>\n

D\u00f6nemin T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisi, bug\u00fcnden farkl\u0131 olarak, evet, emperyalizme daha az ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 bir ekonomidir, ama yar\u0131-feodal nitelikli olmakla birlikte \u2013oldu\u011fu kadar\u0131yla\u2013 az geli\u015fmi\u015f kapitalist bir ekonomidir. \u201c\u00d6rnek al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/em>\u201d denen 1929 Bunal\u0131m\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda izlenen politika ve al\u0131nan \u00f6nlemler, tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z kapitalist i\u00e7eriklidir. \u00dcstelik tekeller bu d\u00f6nemde geli\u015fmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flar, tekelle\u015fme, yayg\u0131n devlet kapitalizmi uygulamalar\u0131yla bu d\u00f6nemde h\u0131z kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ekonominin planlanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 do\u011frudur, ancak \u201cbir kuru\u015f bor\u00e7 al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em>\u201d iddias\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a yaland\u0131r. Sadece bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z olan \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck faizli uzun vadeli kredilerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra fabrikalar\u0131n kurulu\u015funda do\u011frudan yard\u0131mlar\u0131yla SSCB\u2019nin yard\u0131m ve destekleri olmasayd\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u201929 Bunal\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, \u00fcstelik geli\u015fmesinin f\u0131rsat\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrerek atlatmas\u0131 olanaks\u0131z olurdu. D\u00f6nemin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019sinin hem politik hem iktisadi bak\u0131mdan en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fans\u0131, kom\u015fusu SSCB ile dayan\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7inde olabilmesiydi.<\/p>\n

Zaman\u0131n Kemalist iktidar\u0131n\u0131n bir di\u011fer \u015fans\u0131, krizin ortas\u0131nda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n yeniden payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeni bir emperyalist sava\u015f mayalan\u0131rken, keskinle\u015fen emperyalistler aras\u0131 \u00e7eli\u015fkiler ve payla\u015f\u0131m m\u00fccadelesinin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 olanaklard\u0131. D\u00f6nemin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019si, yaln\u0131zca SSCB\u2019nin sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 uygun hibe ve kredilerden yararlanmad\u0131; ama SSCB\u2019nin a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 krediden de b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u0130ngiltere\u2019den ald\u0131 ve demir-\u00e7elik sanayiin en \u00f6nemli i\u015fletmelerinden biri onunla yap\u0131lan i\u015fbirli\u011fi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde kuruldu. Benzer ili\u015fkiler, T\u00fcrkiye ile di\u011fer emperyalist \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda da geli\u015fti.<\/p>\n

1929 dolaylar\u0131ndaki kredi ve d\u0131\u015f bor\u00e7 bulma olana\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan durum, kredi bulman\u0131n zorla\u015f\u0131p pahaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bug\u00fcnk\u00fc kriz s\u00fcrecindeki duruma de\u011fil, olsa olsa, 3-5 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinin Amerikan Fed\u2019inin faizleri s\u0131f\u0131rlamas\u0131 d\u00f6nemine benzetilebilir ve bu yan\u0131yla da g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir \u00f6rnek sunmaz. Tabii ki bulunmas\u0131 zorla\u015f\u0131p faizleri y\u00fckselse bile, emperyalist devlet ve bankalardan gelebilecek krediler b\u0131\u00e7akla kesilir gibi kesilmeyecektir, ancak geriye, esas olarak yine y\u00fcksek faizli \u00c7in ve belki Alman kredileriyle Katar\u2019dan gelece\u011fi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen tepe tepe kullan\u0131lacak 15 milyar Dolar kalmaktad\u0131r! Katar\u2019\u0131nki \u201cdevede kulak<\/em>\u201dt\u0131r ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yaras\u0131na merhem olmaya yetmez; \u00fcstelik iki katl\u0131 u\u00e7ak d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, daha ucu bile g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7ta, bug\u00fcn\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2019si ne SSCB gibi bir kom\u015fuya sahiptir ne de ileri d\u00fczeyde emperyalizme ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 hale gelen kapitalizmiyle \u201929\u2019un politikalar\u0131n\u0131 izleme olana\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla i\u00e7ine girdi\u011fi kriz s\u00fcrecini \u201929\u2019u \u00f6rnek alarak a\u015fma olana\u011f\u0131 bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Ama o g\u00fcn\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2019si ile bug\u00fcn\u00fcnki aras\u0131nda bir benzerlik vard\u0131r ki, konumuz a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan as\u0131l \u00f6nemli olan odur.<\/p>\n

\u201929 Krizi, d\u00f6nemin sundu\u011fu olanak ve \u015fanslarla T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in bir y\u00f6n\u00fcyle f\u0131rsat olmu\u015ftur. Ancak bu \u201cf\u0131rsat olu\u015f\u201d, <\/em>bug\u00fcn de umut edilen \u201ckrizin f\u0131rsata d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi<\/em>\u201d t\u00fcr\u00fcndendir. \u201929 Krizi\u2019nin oldu\u011fu kadar, burjuvazinin egemenli\u011fini sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n ve kapitalizmin h\u0131zl\u0131 tekelle\u015fmesi ve geli\u015fmesinin b\u00fct\u00fcn y\u00fckleri, Kemalist iktidar taraf\u0131ndan i\u015f\u00e7iler ve emek\u00e7i halk\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131na y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; ge\u00e7mi\u015fi Sultanl\u0131k olan ve demokrasiden hemen hi\u00e7 nasibini almam\u0131\u015f T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, sava\u015f i\u00e7inde olu\u015fan ve bir s\u00fcre devam eden, hen\u00fcz iktidar\u0131n kurulu\u015f s\u00fcrecinde tamamen zapturapt alt\u0131na al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015f ortam\u0131n yerine koyu bir karanl\u0131k yerle\u015ftirilmek \u00fczere, tam da \u201929 Krizi\u2019ne \u00f6ngelen y\u0131llardan itibaren azg\u0131n bir sald\u0131r\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Halk\u0131n silah elde y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc m\u00fccadelenin ve hen\u00fcz d\u00fczenin ve iktidar\u0131n oturmam\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olan s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen ortam\u0131n unsurlar\u0131 olarak demokratik hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler ad\u0131na ne varsa, t\u00fcm\u00fc, son k\u0131r\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na kadar, ba\u011fnaz bir emek ve halk kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u015fovenizmin otoritarizmi\/fa\u015fizmi yerle\u015ftirmeye y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131rganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hedefi k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte \u201929 d\u00f6neminin bu \u00f6zelli\u011fi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze benzemektedir, ancak uygulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilmesine ihtiya\u00e7 yoktur, zaten uygulanmaktad\u0131r!<\/p>\n

Bir sosyal-demokrat \u00f6neri \u00f6rne\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sosyal-demokrat i\u00e7erikli krizle ilgili platform ya da program \u00f6nerilerine bir \u00f6rnek \u201cM\u00fclkiyeliler Birli\u011fi <\/em><\/strong>M\u00fclkiye \u0130ktisadi ve Sosyal Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi<\/em><\/strong>\u201dnin \u201ckrizden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f<\/em><\/strong>\u201d \u00f6nerileridir. M\u00fclkiyeliler Birli\u011fi \u00f6nerilerinin \u00f6z\u00fc, \u00f6nerinin giri\u015finde \u201cherkesin gemisi<\/em>\u201d yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131yla form\u00fcle edilen \u015fu \u00f6zettedir: \u201c…t\u00fcm toplum kesimlerinin<\/strong> krizden asgari d\u00fczeyde etkilenmesinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131n ancak sa\u011fduyuyu, evrensel etik de\u011ferleri esas alan ortak ak\u0131lla<\/strong> m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu…<\/em>\u201d[6]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00fcm toplum kesimlerinin<\/em>\u201d beraberce ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu giri\u015f, \u201ckrizin nedenlerinin, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ve krizden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yollar\u0131n\u0131n<\/em>\u201d tespit edilmesiyle ba\u015f vurulacak \u201cortak akl\u0131<\/em>\u201d vurgulamaktad\u0131r ki, bu olanaks\u0131zd\u0131r. Ne \u201ct\u00fcm toplum kesimleri krizden asgari d\u00fczeyde<\/em>\u201d etkilenebilir ne de \u201ct\u00fcm kesimleri<\/em>\u201d kapsayacak bir ortak akl\u0131 bulmak ya da olu\u015fturmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr! \u201cKesimler<\/em>\u201d yerine do\u011fru s\u00f6zc\u00fck olarak \u201cs\u0131n\u0131f ve tabakalar<\/em>\u201d kullan\u0131l\u0131rsa, belirli \u201ckesimler<\/em>\u201din asgari etkilenmesi ba\u015fka belirli \u201ckesimler<\/em>\u201din kriz ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan azami etkilenmesine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r ve her \u201ckesim<\/em>\u201din \u201cakl\u0131<\/em>\u201d kendinedir, burjuva ak\u0131lla proleter ak\u0131l bir arada ancak diyalektik olarak, kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131k ve m\u00fccadele halinde var olabilir! Bu yakla\u015f\u0131mla \u00f6nerilen\/\u00f6nerilecek \u201ckrizden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yollar\u0131<\/em>\u201dn\u0131n krizin nedeni olan bug\u00fcnk\u00fc d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 tekelci kapitalist sistemi \u00e7er\u00e7eve edindi\u011fi ve en ileri haliyle ancak h\u00fck\u00fcmetin ekonomi politikalar\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftirebilece\u011fi (h\u00fck\u00fcmet ve ekonomi politikalar\u0131yla bile uzla\u015fma arayaca\u011f\u0131) ba\u015ftan bellidir. \u00dcstelik, bizatihi \u201ckrizden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yollar\u0131<\/em>\u201d aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kendisi, mevcut tekelci kapitalist d\u00fczenin veri al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve arananlar\u0131n onun s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde arand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00fczenle s\u0131n\u0131rlanmayan bir aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n, sisteme dokunmazken ve onun rehabilitasyonuyla e\u015fanlaml\u0131 olan \u201ckrizden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolu<\/em>\u201d aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 de\u011fil, ama d\u00fczen d\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 varsayan i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7ilerin krizin y\u00fcklerini reddetme ve kurtulu\u015flar\u0131 aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 olmas\u0131 zorunludur.<\/p>\n

Art\u0131s\u0131, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye ekonomisinin yap\u0131sal olarak kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fu k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131klar\u0131n gerisinde AKPartisi h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri ile daha \u00f6nceki h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin ekonomik ve politik \u00f6ncelikleri ve tercihleri var<\/em>\u201d saptamas\u0131yla \u201cs\u00f6z konusu \u00f6ncelik ve tercihlerin keyfi olmay\u0131p b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda siyasal, iktisadi, toplumsal ko\u015fullar taraf\u0131ndan belirlendi\u011fini[n] kabul<\/em>\u201dlenmek olan \u00f6nerinin eksileriyse, s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen \u201ct\u00fcm toplum kesimlerinin ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em>\u201d \u00fczerinden y\u00fcr\u00fcmesinin \u00fcr\u00fcnleridir. \u00d6zetle \u201ct\u00fcm toplumsal kesimlerin ortak akl\u0131<\/em>\u201d zaaf\u0131ndan hareketle, \u00f6nerilerin s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zaaf, \u201cyap\u0131sal sorunlar\u0131<\/em>\u201dn\u0131 saptad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fcme modeli<\/em>\u201dnin yerine bir ba\u015fka tekelci kapitalist b\u00fcy\u00fcme modeli \u00f6nermesidir.[7]<\/a> Aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131, kurtulu\u015f de\u011fil, ama i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7iler oldu\u011fundan ku\u015fku duyulamayacak \u201ctoplumun en g\u00fcvencesiz ve zay\u0131f kesimlerini en az zarara u\u011fratacak tedbirler<\/em>\u201d aramak olarak \u00e7izmesi ise, bu tekelci ve kapitalist niteli\u011fi tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z olan \u201cyeni b\u00fcy\u00fcme modeli<\/em>\u201dni hedef edinen \u00f6nerinin tekellerle emek\u00e7i halk\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 taviz al\u0131\u015f-veri\u015fiyle uzla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p ortakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kan\u0131t\u0131 ve g\u00f6stergesi olmaktad\u0131r: \u201cB\u00fct\u00fcn krizlerin en b\u00fcy\u00fck<\/em> kaybedenlerinin en zay\u0131f kesimler oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla krizden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yollar\u0131 \u00f6nerilirken toplumun en g\u00fcvencesiz, en zay\u0131f kesimlerini en az zarara u\u011fratacak tedbirler \u00f6nerilmelidir.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n

M\u00fclkiyeliler Birli\u011fi … Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi\u2019nin somut \u00f6nerilerinden birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek vermek gerekirse…<\/p>\n

\u201cTespit edilen stratejik sekt\u00f6rlerde, belirli yeterlikleri (sermaye b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, yeti\u015fmi\u015f eleman istihdam\u0131) sa\u011flayan i\u015fletmeler yetkilendirmeli…<\/em>\u201d, \u201cSermaye hareketleri sekt\u00f6rel hassasiyetle, vade yap\u0131s\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak vergilendirilmelidir. \u0130stihdam yarat\u0131c\u0131 sekt\u00f6rlere yap\u0131lan d\u0131\u015f yat\u0131r\u0131m te\u015fvik edilmeli, uzun vadeli yat\u0131r\u0131mlara belirli d\u00fczeyde vergi muafiyetleri getirilirken, k\u0131sa vadeli spek\u00fclatif s\u0131cak para hareketleri y\u00fcksek vergilere tabi k\u0131l\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. K\u00e2r transferinin \u00f6nlenmesi i\u00e7in, k\u00e2r\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n \u00fclkede yat\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunlulu\u011fu getirilmelidir. Sermaye \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131na y\u00fcksek vergiler koyulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bankalar\u0131n ve \u015firketlerin d\u0131\u015f bor\u00e7lanmas\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlayacak yeterlik kriterleri uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cKemer s\u0131kma politikalar\u0131n\u0131n ve i\u00e7 talebin daralmas\u0131n\u0131n<\/em>\u201d, \u201cvergi gelirlerini de daraltmas\u0131 beklenmeli<\/em>\u201d \u015feklinde dolayl\u0131 olarak savunuldu\u011fu \u00f6nerilerde, KOB\u0130\u2019ler \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak, ancak t\u00fcm \u015firketler i\u00e7in genelle\u015ftirilerek, halk\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131ndan finansman\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fka bir yolu icat edilmemi\u015f \u015firket kurtarmaya da yer verilmektedir: \u201cBat\u0131k KOB\u0130\u2019ler i\u00e7in ortakl\u0131k modelleri (kooperatifler, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara hisse, vb.) \u00f6nerilmelidir; tasfiye edilmeleri halinde elde edilecek gelirin belirli bir d\u00fczeyine kadar fonla (\u00f6rne\u011fin % 25) kurtar\u0131labilecek \u015firketlere te\u015fvik verilmelidir.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n

Finans gelirlerine y\u00fcksek vergi \u00f6nerilmektedir, ama… Tekelci sermayeye \u00f6neriler i\u00e7inde yine yer a\u00e7\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Stratejik olarak tan\u0131mlanan belirli sekt\u00f6rlerde hatta \u00f6zellikle sermaye b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle tekeller tercih edilmektedir. Sermaye ve d\u0131\u015f bor\u00e7lanmada banka ve \u015firketlerin yeterlilikleri\/b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckleri g\u00f6zetilece\u011fine g\u00f6re, \u015f\u00fcphesiz ve \u00fcstelik ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar\u0131yla tekelci sermaye hareketleri serbest olacak, ama planlama \u00f6nerisiyle te\u015fvik edilecek ya da vergi konarak y\u00f6nlendirilecektir. Belirli d\u0131\u015f yat\u0131r\u0131mlar hatta te\u015fvik edilecek, ancak \u201cs\u0131cak para<\/em>\u201d vergilendirilecektir. \u201cEn zay\u0131f kesimlere<\/em>\u201d nas\u0131l \u201cen az zarar vermesi<\/em>\u201d sa\u011flanacaksa, alternatifinin parayla ula\u015f\u0131labilir olmas\u0131 olan kamu harcamalar\u0131, yani hizmetleri k\u0131s\u0131lacak, \u015firket kurtarmalara ba\u015f vurulacakt\u0131r! Soru \u015fudur: Krizden ve tabii ki y\u00fckleriyle t\u00fcm olumsuz sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan emek\u00e7i halk m\u0131 \u015firketler mi, hangisi kurtar\u0131lacakt\u0131r?<\/p>\n

Alternatif…<\/strong><\/p>\n

Oysa krizin y\u00fcklerine kar\u015f\u0131 bir m\u00fccadele platformu, e\u011fer ger\u00e7ekten kriz kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda emek\u00e7i halk\u0131n derdine derman ve m\u00fccadelesine dayanak olmas\u0131 isteniyorsa, tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z \u015fekilde, dertlerine \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olu\u015fturmak \u00fczere emek y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n taleplerinden hareket etmeli, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve emek\u00e7ilerin kapitalizmin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na s\u0131\u011fmayan \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dccretli emek s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi olan kapitalizm, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde tekelci kapitalizm olarak, b\u00fct\u00fcn zenginlik kaynaklar\u0131 ve gelirlerin uluslararas\u0131 burjuvazi ve tekeller taraf\u0131ndan ya\u011fmalanmas\u0131 sistemidir. \u00d6yleyse, krizin y\u00fcklerine kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele platformu, mali sermaye ve tekelleri, bir s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc, ya\u011fma ve egemenlik sistemi olan tekelci kapitalizmi hedef almal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kapitalizmin alternatifi tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z olarak sosyalizmdir. Tekelci kapitalizm ise, kapitalizmin en son ve can \u00e7eki\u015fme a\u015famas\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u015fka t\u00fcr bir \u201c\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc<\/em>\u201d alternatif aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 beyhude bir \u00e7aba olacakt\u0131r. Bu su g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez.<\/p>\n

Ancak ilk olarak, krizin y\u00fcklerine kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele platformunun, teorik dayanaklar\u0131 ve temellendirilmesi, d\u00fcnden s\u0131n\u0131fs\u0131z topluma kadar b\u00fct\u00fcn bir s\u00fcreci ele al\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131f mevzilendirilmesi vb. kapsam\u0131yla bir siyasal parti program\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 olarak, bir m\u00fccadele platformu oldu\u011fu bilinmelidir. \u00dczerinde durulaca\u011f\u0131 gibi, b\u00f6yle bir platform, krizden, daha belirtilerinden ba\u015flayarak ve \u015fimdiden olumsuz etkilenen i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7i y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131yla halk\u0131, i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu bilin\u00e7 ve \u00f6rg\u00fct d\u00fczeyiyle karakterize \u00f6znel durumundan hareketle d\u00fczeyi giderek y\u00fckselecek bir m\u00fccadeleye y\u00f6nelten bir i\u00e7eri\u011fe sahip olmak zorundad\u0131r. Hedefi belirgin olmal\u0131, krizden ve bo\u011fucu\/\u00e7\u00f6kertici y\u00fcklerinden kurtulu\u015fun yolu ve alternatifini net olarak g\u00f6stermelidir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc akt\u00fcel ko\u015fullar, geri bilin\u00e7ten kaynakl\u0131 \u00e7ekingenlik ve \u00f6rne\u011fin iflaslarla i\u015fsiz kalma t\u00fcr\u00fc korkular ve d\u00fczen-i\u00e7i korunmac\u0131l\u0131k aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131 kadar devrimci propaganda ve s\u0131n\u0131f partisinin program\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da olanaklar sunmaktad\u0131r, yeter ki bu olanaklardan ustaca yararlan\u0131labilsin. Ancak ayn\u0131 zamanda, platform, \u015f\u00fcphesiz as\u0131l olarak, ba\u015fta emek y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131 olmak \u00fczere halk\u0131n olduk\u00e7a geri g\u00fcncel bilin\u00e7 ve \u00f6rg\u00fct d\u00fczeyini sadece hesaba katmamal\u0131, ama bug\u00fcnden ba\u015flayarak y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131 birle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in, de\u011fi\u015ftirmek \u00fczere, bu \u00f6znelli\u011fi hareket noktas\u0131 edindi\u011fi net olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ve ikinci olarak, bir m\u00fccadele platformunun krizin y\u00fcklerinden kurtulu\u015fun yolu ve alternatifini net olarak g\u00f6stermesi, g\u00fcnde farkl\u0131 rekatlardan 5 vakit namaz k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcnden her g\u00fcn durmaks\u0131z\u0131n \u201csosyalizm<\/em>\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn yinelenmesi olarak anla\u015f\u0131lamaz, anla\u015f\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \u015e\u00fcphe yok ki sosyalizm propagandas\u0131yla, s\u0131n\u0131f partisinin program ve politikalar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7ilemez. Yerli yerinde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve emek\u00e7ilerin m\u00fccadele i\u00e7inde kendi deneylerinden \u00f6\u011frenmelerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ve onu g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek \u00fczere, bilin\u00e7 etkeninde geli\u015fmenin temel bir dayana\u011f\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ve son olaraksa, evet, sosyalizm ve nihai ama\u00e7 olarak herkesin bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve insan\u0131n kendisinin efendisi oldu\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131fs\u0131z ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcz toplum. Ancak bu topluma, istenip s\u00f6ylendi\u011fi i\u00e7in de\u011fil, bir m\u00fccadele s\u00fcrecinin sonucunda ve devrim kesintisiz ve s\u00fcrekli k\u0131l\u0131narak ula\u015f\u0131labilir. \u015eimdi, \u015f\u00fcphesiz \u00f6znel ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, bunun gere\u011fi, emperyalist ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k ili\u015fkilerini ve dayana\u011f\u0131 durumundaki yerli tekelci kapitalizm ve \u00f6zel b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak m\u00fclkiyetini tasfiye etmek \u00fczere, mali sermaye ve tekellerin egemenli\u011fine son vermek ve bunun i\u00e7in kriz ko\u015fullar\u0131nda uygun taleplerle i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve emek\u00e7ilerin m\u00fccadeleye at\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve bu m\u00fccadelenin geli\u015fmesini sa\u011flamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

(G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr bi\u00e7imiyle \u201cpara<\/em>\u201d\/d\u00f6viz krizi olarak patlak veren kriz s\u00fcreci, kapitalizm ve tekellerle varl\u0131k ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan olan ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k ili\u015fkilerinden kopar\u0131larak, milliyet\u00e7i duygular\u0131 kabartmak \u00fczere \u201cABD\u2019nin a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 ekonomik sava\u015f<\/em>\u201d olarak propaganda edildi\u011finden, bug\u00fcne dek iktisaden oldu\u011fu kadar Erdo\u011fan-AKP y\u00f6netimi taraf\u0131ndan siyaseten de emperyalizme ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak<\/em><\/strong> benimsendi\u011fine vurgu yap\u0131larak, krizle ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k ili\u015fkileri aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlarca do\u011fru kavranmas\u0131 \u00f6nemli say\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131c\u0131 acil talepler form\u00fcle edilmesinin bu a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6zel bir \u00f6nemi vard\u0131r.)<\/p>\n

Burada iktidar sorununa geliyoruz; ama alt ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bitirmeden, verili g\u00fcncel ko\u015fullarda bir m\u00fccadele platformunun ancak propaganda talepleri\/sloganlar\u0131 olabilecek[8]<\/a> genel bir talebi olarak kamula\u015ft\u0131rma sorununa de\u011finmeliyiz.<\/p>\n

Sosyalizm, en ba\u015fta \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kamula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00fcretimin planlanmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dcstelik b\u00fcy\u00fck topraklar da i\u00e7inde olmak \u00fczere bankalar ve tekellerin m\u00fclkiyetindeki yeralt\u0131 ve yer\u00fcst\u00fc kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kamula\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, hen\u00fcz sosyalizm olmamakla birlikte, bu y\u00f6nde at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f temel bir ad\u0131md\u0131r ve halk ekonomisinin \u00f6nko\u015fuludur. \u00dccretleri dondurma hatta \u201cfedakarl\u0131k<\/em>\u201d deyip d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme e\u011filimi g\u00f6sterirken, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerine durmaks\u0131z\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131 zamlar, i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131karmalar, dayatt\u0131klar\u0131 dayan\u0131lmaz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcnden uygulamalar\u0131yla tekellerden fazlas\u0131yla zarar g\u00f6r\u00fcp bezen i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7ilerin, daha ileri bir kavray\u0131\u015f ve m\u00fccadele iste\u011fini gereksinen ajitasyon ve hele eylem talebi\/\u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 d\u00fczeyine y\u00fckseltilmedik\u00e7e, g\u00f6rece geri bilin\u00e7 d\u00fczeyleriyle bile kamula\u015ft\u0131rma propagandas\u0131na kulaklar\u0131 kapal\u0131 olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Burada \u00f6nemli olan, ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclecek kamula\u015ft\u0131rma talebinin bir d\u00fczen-i\u00e7i talep olarak anla\u015f\u0131lmamas\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yozla\u015fmamas\u0131 ve kayyum vb. t\u00fcr\u00fc elkoymalardan ay\u0131rt edilebilir olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Buysa, ancak halk iktidar\u0131yla birlikte talep edilmesi ve belki daha da \u00f6nemli olarak i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclenlerin m\u00fccadelesi \u00fczerine oturmas\u0131yla olanakl\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130ktidar talebiyle ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir birle\u015ftirme ve ba\u015fta i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fccadelesinin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ve geli\u015ftiricisi olmas\u0131, kamula\u015ft\u0131rma talebinin, ayn\u0131 zamanda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Kazova ve Arjantin ve Meksika\u2019da sanayi ve tar\u0131mda pek \u00e7ok \u00f6rneklerde g\u00f6r\u00fclen d\u00fczen-i\u00e7i elkoyma ve kapitalizm ko\u015fullar\u0131nda \u00fcretimi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrme i\u00e7erikli \u201c\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olmayan \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/em>\u201dlerden ay\u0131rt edilmesini de garanti edecektir.<\/p>\n

Kayyumlar\u0131n cirit att\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve devletin elindeki kurum ve i\u015fletmelerinin sanki bir t\u00fcr \u201ckamula\u015ft\u0131rma<\/em>\u201dym\u0131\u015f gibi Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 ve onun ad\u0131na damad\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcne verildi\u011fi ko\u015fullarda, kamula\u015ft\u0131rma talebinin bunlardan ay\u0131rt edilmesi \u015f\u00fcphesiz ki \u00f6nemlidir. Ancak gerek kamula\u015ft\u0131rma, gerekse krizin y\u00fcklerine kar\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fturulacak bir m\u00fccadele platformunda yer alan\/alacak di\u011fer talepler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, ihtiyac\u0131 duyulan platform, harekete ge\u00e7irici bir m\u00fccadele platformu olaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, taleplerin soyutlu\u011fu ve genelli\u011finden \u00e7ok, somut ve \u00f6yleyse i\u015fletmeler \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fine var\u0131ncaya kadar yerelle\u015ftirilmi\u015f<\/em><\/strong> olmalar\u0131 belirleyici<\/em><\/strong> \u00f6nemdedir. Platform, tabii ki yerellerde, tek tek i\u015fletmelerde ya da en \u00e7ok OSB\u2019lerde birka\u00e7 i\u015fletmede bir arada hayata ge\u00e7ecek, ge\u00e7irilecektir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin alg\u0131s\u0131, \u00e7e\u015fitli parti program ve politikalar\u0131yla propagandalar\u0131, TV kanallar\u0131 ve gazeteler gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fi \u00e7arp\u0131tarak veren ayg\u0131tlarla devrimci propagandan\u0131n etkisi alt\u0131nda kavrad\u0131klar\u0131 soyut olgu ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlardan da etkilenip geli\u015fecektir; ama hem etkilenip \u00fczerinden geli\u015fece\u011fi as\u0131l zemin i\u015f\u00e7ilerin kendi deneylerinden \u00f6\u011frenecekleri m\u00fccadele prati\u011fidir<\/em><\/strong>, hem de di\u011fer t\u00fcrlerinde oldu\u011fu gibi krizin y\u00fcklerine kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele de, ancak yine yerellerde mayalanacak somut eylemler<\/em><\/strong> olarak ilerleyip belirli bir kanala akarak birle\u015fecektir. S\u00f6ylenen, g\u00f6rece genel ve soyut, \u00f6rne\u011fin adalet ve demokrasi talepleriyle m\u00fccadeleler olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n olanaks\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fil \u015f\u00fcphesiz; \u00fczerinde durulan, \u00f6zellikle geri bilin\u00e7 ve \u00f6rg\u00fct d\u00fczeyi ko\u015fullar\u0131nda m\u00fccadelenin geli\u015fmesinin genel e\u011filimidir.<\/p>\n

Anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, \u00f6rnek vermek gerekirse… Kriz gerek\u00e7esiyle i\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00fccretlerinin dondurulmas\u0131, hatta d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesi ya da zarar ve giderek iflas gerek\u00e7esiyle i\u015ften atmalar\u0131n g\u00fcndeme getirilmesi, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin politika d\u00fczeyine y\u00fckseltti\u011fi tekellerin genel e\u011filimi olsa ve birka\u00e7\u0131 bir arada ya da bir b\u00f6lge ve hatta \u00fclke \u00e7ap\u0131nda uygulanmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclse bile, somut olarak, tek tek i\u015fletmeler d\u00fczeyinde uygulamaya konacak, i\u015f\u00e7iler, bu \u201c\u00f6nlemler<\/em>\u201dle kendi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 i\u015fletmelerde y\u00fcz y\u00fcze kalacaklard\u0131r. Platform, \u00f6yleyse, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya olduklar\u0131\/kald\u0131klar\u0131 somut ko\u015fullar\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 i\u015fletmelerde i\u015fe yaramal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015ften at\u0131lma durumuna s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan yoksa \u00fccreti indirilmek istenen i\u015f\u00e7inin soyut ve genel laflara karn\u0131 tok olaca\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131zd\u0131r. Ya \u00fccret kesintisini kabul edecek ya etmeyecek; ya at\u0131lacak ya at\u0131lmayacakt\u0131r. Burada, taleplerin d\u00fczen-i\u00e7ili\u011finden ka\u00e7\u0131nma ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcden ve burjuva egemenli\u011finden kurtulu\u015f genel talebine ba\u011flama ad\u0131na \u201cama… iktidar…<\/em>\u201d, \u201cama… sosyalizm…<\/em>\u201d demek ve durmak \u00e7ocuk\u00e7a olaca\u011f\u0131 gibi, i\u015f\u00e7iyi savunmas\u0131z ortada b\u0131rakmak olur.<\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlardan \u00e7\u0131kan nedir?<\/p>\n

Buradan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken, sonal ama\u00e7lara ili\u015fkin genel laflarla yetinilmemesi, ama i\u015f\u00e7ilerin bilin\u00e7, isteklilik ve \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fckleriyle m\u00fccadelelerinin d\u00fczeyine uygun ve s\u00f6z konusu m\u00fccadeleyi ilerleterek geli\u015fmesini sa\u011flayacak taleplerin ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin ve m\u00fccadelelerinin somut durumuna g\u00f6re \u00e7e\u015fitli taleplerin form\u00fcle edilmesi olas\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00f6rece geri bir d\u00fczeye \u00f6zg\u00fc olarak biri, \u00f6rne\u011fin \u00fccretlerin fondan (i\u015fsizlik fonundan) \u00f6denmesi olabilir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin bilin\u00e7, m\u00fccadeleye isteklilik vb. durumlar\u0131yla m\u00fccadelelerinin daha ileri bir geli\u015fme d\u00fczeyinde kamula\u015ft\u0131rma talebi de ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. \u0130ktidar talebiyle birle\u015ftirilmesi ihtiyac\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphesiz ortadan kalkmayan kamula\u015ft\u0131rma<\/em><\/strong> talebinin, halk iktidar\u0131 propagandas\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken, \u2013\u00f6rne\u011fin \u00fccret-i\u015ften atma-\u015firket kapanma sorunlar\u0131 i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mesine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak\u2013 i\u015f\u00e7iler ve m\u00fccadelelerinin etraf\u0131nda birle\u015fme e\u011filimi g\u00f6stermesi durumunda tek tek i\u015fletmeler \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde<\/em><\/strong> savunulabilecek olmas\u0131nda bir yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131k yoktur. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin istekli ve m\u00fccadelelerinin d\u00fczeyinin yeterli y\u00fckseklikte olmas\u0131 ko\u015fuluyla, firman\u0131n \u201czarar ediyorum<\/em>\u201d, \u201ciflasa gidiyorum<\/em>\u201d gerek\u00e7eleriyle \u00fccretlerde kesinti ve daha ileri giderek i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131karmalar\u0131 dayatmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda; \u015firket kurtarma ya \u015firketin kapanmas\u0131n\u0131 bekleme de\u011fil, \u201ckamula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ls\u0131n<\/em>\u201d talebi, i\u015f\u00e7inin \u201cku\u015fatma<\/em>\u201ddan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilecektir.<\/p>\n

\u201cBurjuvazinin iktidar\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u2018kamula\u015ft\u0131rma\u2019 ne demektir, nas\u0131l savunulur?<\/em>\u201d diye sorulabilir. 1) Kamula\u015ft\u0131rma, burjuva egemenli\u011fi alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funda bile, Anti-D\u00fchring\u2019te Engels\u2019in dedi\u011fi gibi, burjuvazinin kendi geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi \u00fcretici g\u00fc\u00e7leri y\u00f6netme yeteneksizli\u011fini ve bu \u00fcretici g\u00fc\u00e7lerin toplumsal niteli\u011fini tan\u0131mak zorunda kal\u0131\u015f\u0131na delalettir ve \u00fcretici g\u00fc\u00e7lerin toplumsal niteli\u011fiyle \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kapitalist m\u00fclkiyeti aras\u0131ndaki uzla\u015fmaz kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u015faretidir. Elbette tekelci devlet kapitalizmi diye bir olgu vard\u0131r ve burjuvazinin kamula\u015ft\u0131rmalar yoluyla \u00fcretici g\u00fc\u00e7lerin toplumsal niteli\u011fini tan\u0131mak zorunda kal\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek bir tan\u0131ma olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131zd\u0131r. Ancak bu, hele neo-liberal kapitalizm ko\u015fullar\u0131nda burjuvaziyi zora sokan ve kendisiyle \u00e7eli\u015fmeli k\u0131lan bir uygulama olacakt\u0131r. Ve 2) As\u0131l olaraksa, iktidar talebinin propagandas\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken, tek ya da belirli birka\u00e7 i\u015fletmede, a\u00e7mazda kal\u0131p hatta platformdan y\u00fcz \u00e7evirmeleri yerine, bu, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin m\u00fccadeleye y\u00f6nelmelerine ve m\u00fccadelelerinin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na hizmet edecektir. Ve hi\u00e7bir \u015fey, burjuvazinin egemenli\u011fini, \u00f6n\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p geli\u015fecek i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fccadelesi kadar tehdit edemez<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

D\u00fczen-i\u00e7ilik mi de\u011fil mi tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na gelince; bu a\u00e7\u0131dan iki \u00f6nemli noktadan birincisi halk iktidar\u0131 propagandas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, ikincisiyle \u201ckamula\u015ft\u0131rma<\/em>\u201d talebinin tek tek i\u015fletmeler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan g\u00fcndeme getirilip \u00fclke \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde bir \u201ckrize \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/em><\/strong>\u201d modeli<\/em><\/strong> olarak \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcp savunulmamas\u0131d\u0131r ki, d\u00fczen-i\u00e7i olan budur!<\/p>\n

Bu ikinci nokta, ayn\u0131 zamanda, kapitalizm ko\u015fullar\u0131nda tek tek i\u015fletmelerin i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin \u201cgrup m\u00fclkiyeti<\/em>\u201dne dayal\u0131 bir model olarak g\u00fcndeme getirilip savunulmakta olan gerek Kozova, gerekse benzer bi\u00e7imde \u201cgrup m\u00fclkiyeti<\/em>\u201dnin savunulmas\u0131 i\u00e7erikli olarak kriz ko\u015fullar\u0131nda Arjantin\u2019de g\u00fcndeme getirilen fabrika (ve Meksika\u2019da Zapatistlerin toprak) i\u015fgalleriyle de temel farkl\u0131l\u0131k noktas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

TEKELLER\u0130N EGEMENL\u0130\u011e\u0130 VE \u0130KT\u0130DAR SORUNU<\/strong><\/p>\n

Krize \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak sunulan \u00f6neriler ve d\u00fczen-i\u00e7ilikleriyle iktidar sorununun g\u00fcndeme gelmesine vesile olu\u015flar\u0131na d\u00f6nersek…<\/p>\n

Verilen \u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6rnekte (E. Korkmaz, Ayd\u0131nl\u0131k yanda\u015f\u0131 ekonomist ve M\u00fclkiyeliler Birli\u011fi) de iktidar sorunu atlanarak, krize, i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i tekelci kapitalizmin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde kal\u0131narak, mevcut sistemin onar\u0131lmas\u0131 yoluyla \u00e7are<\/em><\/strong> aranmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Boratav \u00f6rne\u011fin, b\u00f6yle davranmamakta, burjuva \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerle s\u0131n\u0131rlanmamaktad\u0131r: \u201c… birileri kay\u0131r\u0131lacak m\u0131, kay\u0131r\u0131lmayacak m\u0131, kim kurtulacak, kim kurtulmayacak? Bizim b\u00f6yle bir tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n i\u00e7ine girmememiz laz\u0131m. Sorunluya i\u015faret etmemiz laz\u0131m. Ni\u00e7in bu \u015firketler batma s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na geldiler ve b\u00f6yle bir y\u00f6netmelik gerekti? Bu tart\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z anda bug\u00fcnk\u00fc iktidar\u0131n getirece\u011fi her uygulaman\u0131n do\u011frusunu yanl\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131rt edip destekleyelim, desteklemeyelim gibi a\u00e7mazla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kal\u0131r\u0131z. Bizim a\u00e7\u0131m\u0131zdan bug\u00fcnk\u00fc g\u00fcndem i\u015fin k\u00f6kenine bak\u0131p ele\u015ftirmektir. \u0130\u015fin k\u00f6kenine bak\u0131p sorumlular\u0131 yani T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi y\u00f6netenleri ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin egemen s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131, burjuvaziyi ele\u015ftirmektir.<\/em>\u201d[9]<\/a> Do\u011frudur.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    A.H. K\u00f6se de benzer bir yakla\u015f\u0131mdad\u0131r: \u201c… borcu nas\u0131l y\u00f6netece\u011fiz? Bu \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir soru ama sorun burada da bitmiyor. \u2018Bu borcu nas\u0131l biriktirdik?\u2019 denen ili\u015fkisellikten kopar\u0131l\u0131p \u015fimdi bunu nas\u0131l y\u00f6netece\u011fiz diye mevcut durumun anatomisiyle s\u0131n\u0131rlarsak orada \u00e7ok yak\u0131nla\u015fmalar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Siyasi partilerin repertuarlar\u0131n\u0131n yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131ndan bahsetmi\u015ftik. \u015eimdi ne yapaca\u011f\u0131z sorusunun k\u0131sa d\u00f6nemde ehemmiyeti vard\u0131r ama ge\u00e7mi\u015ften kopart\u0131larak \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcze zorunlu bir istikrar sorunu gibi getirilirse orada i\u015fte neoliberalizmin tek siyasa dedi\u011fi oyda\u015fma ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015fl\u0131yor.<\/em>\u201d Ku\u015fkusuz bu da do\u011frudur.<\/p>\n

    Marksizmin tutumu \u201c11. Tez<\/em>\u201ddeki gibidir, ancak, yine de hocalardan, onlar\u0131 politik militanlar varsayarak ve burjuvazinin ele\u015ftirisiyle yapt\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6ndermeyle yetinmeyerek, fazlas\u0131n\u0131, kriz analizi ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerilerini d\u00fczen ve iktidar de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi talebiyle birle\u015ftirmelerini istemek, haks\u0131zl\u0131k olabilir. Ancak b\u00f6yle sak\u0131n\u0131ml\u0131 davrand\u0131klar\u0131nda, tersi anlama gelecek ya da mu\u011flakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 hi\u00e7bir \u00f6neride bulunmamalar\u0131n\u0131 beklemek haks\u0131zl\u0131k olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Lakin Boratav, Erdo\u011fan-AKP y\u00f6netiminin Dervi\u015f\u2019ten devralarak b\u00fcy\u00fcme modeli olarak da kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 program hakk\u0131nda, \u201cUygulanagelen program asl\u0131nda finans kapitalin d\u00fcnyaya h\u00e2kim olmak i\u00e7in<\/strong> getirdi\u011fi kurallar k\u00fcmesidir, 2000 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve yerle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Sadece T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye de\u011fil t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya yerle\u015fmi\u015ftir… bu modelin ana unsurlar\u0131ndan biri, sermaye hareketlerinin serbestisidir<\/em>\u201d yorumunu yapmaktad\u0131r. \u201cFinans kapital<\/em>\u201di tekelci sermaye olarak de\u011fil, finans alan\u0131nda i\u015f g\u00f6ren t\u00fcrden bir sermaye olarak anlay\u0131p \u00f6yle ele alsa bile problemlidir. Hangi banka, sigorta ya da yat\u0131r\u0131m fonunun elindeki sermayeyi finansal ya da sanayi sermayesi olarak, b\u00f6l\u00fcmlenmi\u015f haliyle anlayabilmek olanakl\u0131d\u0131r? Sonu\u00e7ta problem olu\u015fturan, sanki hakim de\u011filmi\u015f ve hakimiyetinin arac\u0131 ya da yolu ancak buymu\u015f ya da finans sermayesi sanayiye hakim olacakm\u0131\u015f t\u00fcr\u00fcnden yorumlara a\u00e7\u0131k haliyle, finans kapitalin bu programla d\u00fcnyaya hakim olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmesidir. Bu, e\u011fer finans kapitalin, yani tekelci sermaye olan ve banka ve sanayi sermayesinin i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mesiyle olu\u015fan mali sermayenin hakimiyeti\/iktidar\u0131 alt\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131yorsak, kimin iktidar\u0131 s\u00f6z konusudur sorusuna yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r! Bankalar de\u011fil sanayiciler mi, t\u00fcccarlar m\u0131, yoksa \u201cb\u00fcrokrasi<\/em>\u201d mi? Elbette mali sermaye egemenli\u011fi hem T\u00fcrkiye ve hem d\u00fcnyada yerle\u015fik haldedir ve bu, \u015fu ya da bu ekonomi politikas\u0131 ya da b\u00fcy\u00fcme model veya program\u0131 uygulan\u0131p uygulanmamas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 bir egemenlik olarak anla\u015f\u0131lamaz. K\u00fcba gibi istisnalar\u0131 bir yana, hem d\u00fcnya hem de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de tek ba\u015f\u0131na ya da b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak sahipleri gibi m\u00fcttefikleriyle tekelci burjuvazi iktidardad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Dil s\u00fcr\u00e7mesi de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u201c… neoliberal finans kapital tahakk\u00fcm\u00fcne dayal\u0131 modeli T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin oldu\u011fu gibi kabul edip 2015\u2019e kadar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 kavga etmeden…<\/em>\u201d s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirten Boratav, Erdo\u011fan-AKP y\u00f6netimini \u201cyan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131zda \u00e7ok c\u00fcretli ve finans kapitalin h\u00e2kimiyetini reddeden<\/strong> Arjantin ekonomisi \u00f6rne\u011fi vard\u0131<\/em>\u201d s\u00f6zleriyle ele\u015ftirmektedir. Finans kapitalin ne ve ne demek oldu\u011fu dahil, ekonomi politikalar\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fcme modelleri ve finans kapital\/mali sermaye hakimiyeti ili\u015fkisini mu\u011flakla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fma g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez: En \u00e7ok, bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc erteleyerek bor\u00e7 \u00f6demelerini tart\u0131\u015fma konusu yapan Arjantin\u2019in finans kapitalin hakimiyetini reddetmedi\u011fi, \u00fcstelik hala mali sermaye ve tekellerin egemenli\u011fi alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7ektir.<\/p>\n

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    1. H. K\u00f6se\u2019de de iktidar sorunu fazlas\u0131yla kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r. S\u0131n\u0131f iktidar\u0131yla bir siyasal partinin h\u00fck\u00fcmeti olarak \u201ciktidar<\/em>\u201d birbirinden ay\u0131rt edilmedi\u011fi ve \u00f6rne\u011fin \u201cAKP\u2019nin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir yoksullar s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131<\/em>\u201dn\u0131n \u201csiyasal iktidar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir par\u00e7as\u0131<\/em>\u201d varsay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u201cegemen s\u0131n\u0131flar<\/em>\u201dla \u201csiyasal iktidar<\/em>\u201d kavramlar\u0131n\u0131n birbirleriyle ba\u011fl\u0131 olmalar\u0131 gerekmesine kar\u015f\u0131n birbirine girdi\u011fi mu\u011flakl\u0131k belirgindir. K\u00f6se, hatta AKP\u2019nin egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki \u201ciktidar\u0131<\/em>\u201dndan s\u00f6z etmektedir:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u201c\u0130stikrar program\u0131 her zaman bir geri \u00f6deme program\u0131d\u0131r. Egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar alt s\u0131n\u0131flar \u00fczerinde yeni bir iktisadi men\u00fc in\u015fa etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. AKP a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir tak\u0131m sorunlar oldu\u011fu \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc AKP\u2019nin do\u011frudan ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 bir alt s\u0131n\u0131f ya da yoksullar s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> ve bunu y\u00f6netti\u011fini de biliyoruz. O, siyasal iktidar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir par\u00e7as\u0131<\/strong>… Orada i\u015f sadece bir kriz y\u00f6netim program\u0131 de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda siyasal bir entegrasyon ili\u015fkisidir. Bu gruplar\u0131n ayn\u0131 zamanda siyasal ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve bunun gerekli olan yeniden da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n yani finansman gere\u011finin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi AKP a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan mutlakt\u0131r… \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczde bir istikrar program\u0131 varsa bu istikrar program\u0131n\u0131n nereye, kime \u00f6detilece\u011fi<\/strong> konusunda AKP\u2019nin bir siyasal se\u00e7kisi de olacakt\u0131r. Kentli orta s\u0131n\u0131flara, kentli vars\u0131l s\u0131n\u0131flara<\/strong> do\u011fru program in\u015fa edilmesini muhtemel g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum. Egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki iktidar<\/strong> prosed\u00fcr\u00fcnden yani yeniden da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m prosed\u00fcr\u00fcnden kolayca vazge\u00e7ece\u011fini sanm\u0131yorum.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n

      Platformla ili\u015fkisine d\u00f6nersek; iktidar talebi, \u00f6zellikle i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7ilerin bilin\u00e7, \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fck ve m\u00fccadele isteklili\u011fiyle ilgili olarak geri bir d\u00fczeyde bulunduklar\u0131 verili g\u00fcncel ko\u015fullarda, \u015f\u00fcphesiz ki ancak propaganda slogan\u0131 olarak ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmelidir, ama ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmelidir ve mu\u011flakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Kriz ve y\u00fcklerini kimin y\u00fcklenece\u011fi sorununun as\u0131l olarak iktidar\u0131n\u0131n kimin elinde, tekellerin mi halk\u0131n m\u0131 elinde olaca\u011f\u0131 sorunu oldu\u011fu mu\u011flakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p ortada b\u0131rak\u0131larak geli\u015ftirilecek bir platform devrimci bir m\u00fccadele platformu olamaz. B\u00f6yle bir mu\u011flakl\u0131k, i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek emek\u00e7ilerin ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilecek b\u00fct\u00fcn can yak\u0131c\u0131 acil taleplerinin, d\u00fczen i\u00e7i reform taleplerine indirgenerek, d\u00fczenin iyile\u015ftirilmesi amac\u0131na ba\u011flanma tehlikesine kap\u0131 a\u00e7acak, ba\u015fta AKP olmak \u00fczere, d\u00fczen partilerinin \u201ckrizi a\u015fma<\/em>\u201d tutumunun hizmetine girme riski olu\u015facakt\u0131r. Bu, bir m\u00fccadele platformu olmaktan \u00e7\u0131karak, platformun, en \u00e7ok \u201cmajestelerinin muhalefeti<\/em>\u201dnin zeminine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcndeme getirir.<\/p>\n

      Sorun; iktidar (halk iktidar\u0131) talebinin, geli\u015fkin olmayan bilin\u00e7, \u00f6rg\u00fct ve m\u00fccadeleye isteklilik d\u00fczeyleriyle i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7ilerin mevcut durumlar\u0131na uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fildir. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, sorun, bu talebin bug\u00fcn i\u00e7in fazla ileri ya da a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131p say\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131 ve i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan kavranmas\u0131n\u0131n olanakl\u0131 olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131 \u015feklinde konamaz. Ad\u0131 \u00fczerinde, propagandas\u0131 yap\u0131lacak t\u00fcrden, hedef belirtici bir taleptir ve m\u00fccadelenin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 d\u00f6nemlerinde \u015f\u00fcphesiz az-\u00e7ok s\u0131n\u0131f bilin\u00e7li ileri i\u015f\u00e7ilerden olu\u015fan dar bir kesim taraf\u0131ndan benimsenebilecek; gerisi ise, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve emek\u00e7ilerin geni\u015f kesimlerinin bu talebin do\u011frulu\u011fu ve ge\u00e7erli\u011fini m\u00fccadele i\u00e7inde kendi deneylerinin s\u0131nav\u0131ndan ge\u00e7irmesine kalacakt\u0131r. \u00d6nemi, hayat\u0131n i\u00e7inden form\u00fcle edildi\u011finde \u2013ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131\u2013 s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n geni\u015f kesimleri taraf\u0131ndan tamamen ya da hi\u00e7 de\u011filse \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle k\u0131smen anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r bulunacak kriz ve y\u00fckleriyle ilgili can yak\u0131c\u0131 acil taleplerin ba\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131 hedefi g\u00f6stermesi olan iktidar talebi, m\u00fccadele s\u00fcrecinde acil taleplerle ne kadar ustaca birle\u015ftirilebilirse, giderek o kadar anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r hale gelecektir. Bu, i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7ileri, yedikleri ekmek-i\u00e7tikleri su kadar yak\u0131ndan ilgilendiren\/ilgilendirecek acil talepler ve do\u011fru \u015fekilde form\u00fcle edilmelerinin, en az iktidar talebi kadar \u00f6nemli olmas\u0131 demektir ki, burada bu soruna geliyoruz.<\/p>\n

      AC\u0130L YA DA KISM\u0130 TALEPLER<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Sorun Komintern Program\u0131\u2019nda konmu\u015ftur: \u201c\u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck taleplerini ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck m\u00fccadelelerini ihmal etmek, parti faaliyetini sadece bunlarla s\u0131n\u0131rlamakla ayn\u0131 derecede hatal\u0131<\/em><\/strong>, yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 gereken bir \u015feydir.<\/em>\u201d[10]<\/a> \u00dcstelik Komintern Program\u0131, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc gibi, devrimci bir y\u00fckseli\u015fin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durgunluk d\u00f6nemlerinde, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve emek\u00e7iler g\u00f6rece hareketsizken, \u00f6nemli bir uyar\u0131yla birlikte, acil ya da k\u0131smi taleplere verilmesi gereken \u00f6nemi de \u00f6zellikle belirtmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n

      \u201cE\u011fer devrimci y\u00fckseli\u015f durumu yoksa, kom\u00fcnist partiler, emek\u00e7ilerin g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131ndan yola \u00e7\u0131karak, k\u0131smi sloganlar ve k\u0131sm\u0131 talepler<\/strong> \u00f6ne s\u00fcrmeli ve bunlar\u0131 Kom\u00fcnist Enternasyonal ana hedefleriyle ba\u011flant\u0131 i\u00e7erisine<\/strong> sokmal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Fakat bu durumlarda partiler, devrimci bir durumun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nko\u015ful alan ve ba\u015fka bir durumda ise kapitalist \u00f6rg\u00fctler sistemi ile kayna\u015fman\u0131n slogan\u0131 haline gelen ge\u00e7i\u015f sloganlar\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin \u00fcretimin denetlenmesine ili\u015fkin slogan ve benzerleri) atmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bir dizi ge\u00e7i\u015f slogan\u0131, devrimci bir durumun var olmas\u0131na kopmaz bi\u00e7imde ba\u011fl\u0131yken, k\u0131smi sloganlar ve k\u0131smi talepler, do\u011fru bir takti\u011fin mutlak ko\u015fullar\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/em>\u201d[11]<\/a><\/p>\n

      Tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r yan\u0131 yoktur. \u0130ktidar hedefi ve ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k ili\u015fkilerinin kopar\u0131l\u0131p at\u0131lmas\u0131yla egemenli\u011fi elinde tutan tekellerle b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak sahipli\u011finin tasfiyesi ana hedeflerine ba\u011flanacak g\u00fcncel ya da acil ve k\u0131smi talepler, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere emek\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f ve tabakalar\u0131 birle\u015ftirip m\u00fccadeleye y\u00f6neltecek vaz ge\u00e7ilmez kald\u0131ra\u00e7lard\u0131r. \u00d6ncelikle i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 i\u00e7inde bu taleplerin g\u00fcndem edinilip tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik s\u00fcrekli bir faaliyet y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmeden, sosyalizm propagandas\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak, genel ama\u00e7 ve hedefler ne denli vurgulan\u0131p yinelenirse yinelensin, kriz ve y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bu i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7ilerin birle\u015ftirilmesi ve \u2013m\u00fccadele i\u00e7inde deneyden ge\u00e7irildik\u00e7e sonal ama\u00e7 ve hedeflere do\u011fru ilerleyip geli\u015fecek\u2013 m\u00fccadelelerinin \u00f6rg\u00fctlenebilmesi olana\u011f\u0131 bulunamaz. Acil talepler<\/em><\/strong>, do\u011fru form\u00fcle edilmeleri \u015fart\u0131yla, do\u011fru ve \u00f6yleyse devrimci bir takti\u011fin mutlak ko\u015fuludur<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

      Acil talepler hayat\u0131n\/m\u00fccadelenin i\u00e7inde form\u00fcle edilebilir ve ko\u015fulludurlar<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Komintern Program\u0131\u2019n\u0131n uyar\u0131s\u0131 temel \u00f6nemdedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc talepler ve takti\u011fin \u00fczerinde hareket edip de\u011fi\u015fece\u011fi nesnel ko\u015fullar da de\u011fi\u015fir ve bu de\u011fi\u015fiklik mutlaka dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin durumu, zay\u0131flama ya da g\u00fc\u00e7lenmeleri, kendili\u011finden hareketin d\u00fczeyi, bir devrimci durumun olup olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve devrim dalgas\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015f ya da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc de kapsayarak nesnel durum ve ko\u015fullar farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hem taktik hem de ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen taleplerin farkl\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131 a\u015fikard\u0131r. \u00dcstelik as\u0131l \u00f6znel ko\u015fullardaki de\u011fi\u015fmeler, bilin\u00e7 ve \u00f6rg\u00fctle ilgili farkl\u0131la\u015fmalar taktikle talepleri farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131r. Bunlar g\u00f6rmezden gelinemez ve taktikle taleplerin bir kez tespit edildikten sonra de\u011fi\u015fmeden kalacaklar\u0131 varsay\u0131l\u0131p, nesnel ko\u015fullar bir yana, kitleler ve kitle hareketindeki \u00f6znel de\u011fi\u015fme ve geli\u015fmeler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kay\u0131ts\u0131z kal\u0131namaz.<\/p>\n

      \u00dcstelik, yaln\u0131zca i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve emek\u00e7ilerin ve m\u00fccadelelerinin \u00fclke genelindeki ya da b\u00f6lgesel d\u00fczeydeki de\u011fi\u015fim ve geli\u015fmeleri \u00f6nemli olmakla kalmaz; tek tek fabrika ve i\u015fletmelerde<\/em><\/strong> \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00f6znel durum ve e\u011filimleriyle m\u00fccadelelerinin gerek talep, gerek d\u00fczey ve gerekse \u015fekilleni\u015fleri benzerlikler yan\u0131nda farkl\u0131l\u0131klar da ta\u015f\u0131r ve birle\u015ftirici ortak yanlara ku\u015fkusuz sahiptirler, ancak t\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6zg\u00fcnd\u00fcrler<\/em><\/strong>. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, yerelli\u011fe ald\u0131r\u0131lmay\u0131p, tek tek i\u015fletmelerde talepleri birinden di\u011ferine farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131ran\/farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131racak bu \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fckler dikkate al\u0131nmadan ilerlenemez. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7iler ve m\u00fccadelelerinin alabildi\u011fine somut olan ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda soyut kalmas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz genel bir platform olu\u015fturulmas\u0131yla yetinmeyip m\u00fccadele platformunun en ba\u015fta taleplerinin form\u00fcle edilmesiyle yerele, i\u015fletmelere uyarlamas\u0131na \u00f6zel \u00f6nem vermek, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin m\u00fccadeleye kazan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve m\u00fccadelelerinin geli\u015fmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      Komintern\u2019in uyar\u0131s\u0131 bu genel i\u00e7inde anla\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r: Hem zaman hem mekan i\u00e7inde ko\u015fullardaki de\u011fi\u015fmeye ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak olu\u015fan yerel ve d\u00f6nemsel de\u011fi\u015fiklikler hesaba kat\u0131lmadan ne devrimci bir taktik ne de kitle hareketini ilerletecek talepler belirlenebilir. Hareketin ve devrimin y\u00fckseli\u015f d\u00f6neminde devrimci olan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f d\u00f6neminde reformist ve gericili\u011fi g\u00fc\u00e7lendiren bir taktik olabildi\u011fi gibi, talepler de ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fckleri d\u00f6nem ve ko\u015fullara g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131f ve emek hareketi ve devrimin geli\u015fmesine ya da gerilemesine (ve gericili\u011fe) hizmet eder olabilir.<\/p>\n

      Komintern\u2019in \u00f6rne\u011fi, \u201cge\u00e7i\u015f sloganlar\u0131<\/em>\u201d kapsam\u0131ndaki \u00fcretimin (ya da tekellerin) denetimidir. \u201cGe\u00e7i\u015f<\/em>\u201dten kas\u0131t, devrimci dalgan\u0131n ve i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek hareketinin y\u00fckseldi\u011fi devrimin \u00f6ng\u00fcnleridir ve bug\u00fcnlerde y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n zihninde, bu denetimin kendi y\u00fckselen hareketine dayanarak sa\u011flanabilece\u011fi fikri ya da sezgisi belirebilir ya da belirmesi i\u00e7in durum elveri\u015flidir. Ancak \u00f6rne\u011fin bug\u00fcnk\u00fc gibi bask\u0131 ve bilin\u00e7 gerili\u011fiyle karakterize hareketin durgun d\u00f6nemlerinde, \u201cdenetim<\/em>\u201d dendi\u011finde y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n zihninde belirebilecek \u015fey, bu denetimin mevcut h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesidir ve bu talep y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetin desteklenmesine y\u00f6neltici olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      Bu, \u201cdenetim<\/em>\u201d talebinin genel bir talep olarak \u00fclke \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan do\u011frudur. Ancak \u201ckamula\u015ft\u0131rma<\/em>\u201d talebiyle ilgili olarak tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z yerellik, somutluk gibi nitelikleriyle kitle m\u00fccadelesi ve geli\u015fmesinin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, t\u0131pk\u0131 bu talep a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu \u015fekliyle, yerelde, tek tek ya da birka\u00e7 i\u015fletmede<\/em><\/strong> bir arada, ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek ya da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen kamula\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n devam\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde<\/em><\/strong> \u201cdenetim\u201d talebi<\/em><\/strong> g\u00fcndeme gelebilir<\/em><\/strong> ve bu ne \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 olur, ne de i\u015f\u00e7ileri birle\u015ftirip m\u00fccadelelerini geli\u015ftirecek bir talep olarak ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp savunulmas\u0131n\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. \u201cKamula\u015ft\u0131rma<\/em>\u201d ile benzerlik i\u00e7indeki bu talebin ele al\u0131n\u0131\u015f ve uygulanmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli olan, yine, \u00fclke \u00e7ap\u0131nda ve genelli\u011fi i\u00e7inde, her zaman ve her yerde uygulanabilir genel ge\u00e7er bir \u201cmodel<\/em>\u201de d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmemesidir. Yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131k, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ko\u015fullarda, bu talebin \u00fclke \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde uygulanmak \u00fczere genelle\u015ftirilmesindedir.<\/p>\n

      Acil ve k\u0131smi talepleri do\u011fru ve devrimci yapacak olan birinci ko\u015ful iktidar hedefiyle sonal ama\u00e7lara ustaca ba\u011flanmalar\u0131ysa, ikinci ko\u015ful da, \u00fclke \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi kadar yerel a\u00e7\u0131dan da ge\u00e7erli olmak \u00fczere, hen\u00fcz dayanaklar\u0131 olu\u015fmadan, zamans\u0131zca ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclecek taleplerin, ne kadar ustal\u0131k g\u00f6sterilirse g\u00f6sterilsin, hem iktidar hedefiyle sonal ama\u00e7lara ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131n hem de m\u00fccadeleleri i\u00e7inde i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7ileri etraf\u0131nda birle\u015ftirmesinin olanakl\u0131 olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      Birinci ko\u015fula de\u011finildi. \u0130kincisi, devrimci taktik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ondan daha az \u00f6nemli olmayan acil ya da k\u0131smi talep ve sloganlar\u0131n nesnel durum ve ko\u015fullar zemini \u00fczerinde \u00f6znel ko\u015fullar dikkate al\u0131narak belirlenmesi zorunlulu\u011fuyla ilgilidir. Nesnel olan, her \u015feyden \u00f6nce bilin\u00e7 ve iradeye ba\u011fl\u0131 olmayand\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ne taktik ne de stratejinin konusudurlar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc m\u00fcdahaleleriyle strateji ve taktik taraf\u0131ndan de\u011fi\u015ftirilemeyecek olan \u00f6rne\u011fin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin iktisadi ve toplumsal geli\u015fmesi, kapitalizmin geli\u015fkinlik d\u00fczeyi, maddi toplumsal s\u0131n\u0131f ve aralar\u0131ndaki \u00e7eli\u015fkiler, i\u015f\u00e7i ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n kendili\u011finden hareketine… ili\u015fkindirler. \u0130radi zorlama ve bilin\u00e7li devrimci m\u00fcdahaleyle de\u011fi\u015ftirilemezler; ancak bu, hesaba kat\u0131lmamalar\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmez. Talepler, onlar\u0131 zemin edinerek ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir, taktik onlar \u00fczerinden geli\u015ftirilebilir.<\/p>\n

      Ancak takti\u011fin konusunu olu\u015fturdu\u011fu gibi, acil ve k\u0131smi taleplerin form\u00fcle edilmesini de belirleyecek olan, maddi toplumsal hareketin \u00f6znel<\/em><\/strong> ya da bilin\u00e7li yan\u0131d\u0131r<\/em><\/strong>; gerek genel olarak maddi toplumsal yap\u0131 ve hareketinin, gerekse \u00f6zel olarak i\u015f\u00e7i ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n kendili\u011finden hareketinin y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n zihnindeki yans\u0131malar\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i ve geni\u015f emek\u00e7i kitlelerin \u2013ruh halleriyle de ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7inde\u2013 geli\u015fmeleri ve kendi g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc alg\u0131lama ve yorumlayarak kavrama d\u00fczeyi, bununla do\u011frudan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak m\u00fccadele etme isteklili\u011fi, azmi ve kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn, gerek tekelci gericilik ve gerek h\u00fck\u00fcmetin propagandalar\u0131yla gerici s\u0131n\u0131flar kadar ara s\u0131n\u0131flardan da kaynaklanabilecek burjuva, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva nitelikli muhalefetin sapt\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kafa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkilendi\u011fi, \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme e\u011filimleri, proletarya partisinin yakla\u015f\u0131m ve taktiklerine duydu\u011fu yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc … vb. bir dizi etken, \u00f6znel etkenler olarak, takti\u011fin konusudurlar ve talepler buradan belirlenebilir. Talepler, y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n birle\u015ftirilmesine ve hareketinin ilerletilmesine hizmet etmelidir; bu ancak, s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen \u00f6znel ko\u015fullar en ince ayr\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131na kadar incelenerek saptanabilir.<\/p>\n

      Bu saptaman\u0131n ancak ya\u015fam\u0131n ve olanca somutlu\u011fuyla s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesinin i\u00e7inden<\/em><\/strong> yap\u0131labilece\u011fi tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131zd\u0131r; do\u011fru ve \u00f6yleyse y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131 birle\u015ftirip m\u00fccadelelerini ilerletecek i\u00e7erikli talepler, ancak y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde k\u00f6k salm\u0131\u015f, onlar\u0131n ruh haline ve alg\u0131 ve kavray\u0131\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme d\u00fczeylerine vak\u0131f proletarya partisi taraf\u0131ndan ve do\u011frudan i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve emek\u00e7i katmanlar aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inden<\/em><\/strong> belirlenebilir.<\/p>\n

      \u00dcstelik taleplerin bir kez belirlenmesiyle sorun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olmamaktad\u0131r. Ne i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve emek\u00e7ilerin \u00f6znel durumu dura\u011fand\u0131r, \u00f6yleyse ne de talepleri dura\u011fan olabilir. S\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n bilin\u00e7 ve \u00f6rg\u00fct d\u00fczeyleri ve m\u00fccadelelerinin ilerleyi\u015fiyle taleplerin en az\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n zaman\u0131n\u0131 doldurup eskiyerek<\/em><\/strong> i\u015f g\u00f6remez hale gelecekleri ve ya k\u0131smen ya da tamamen de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek yenilenmeleri<\/em><\/strong> gerekece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Bu da ancak s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesinin i\u00e7inden ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir.<\/p>\n

      KA\u00c7INILMAZ \u0130K\u0130 TALEP<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Krizin daha ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 d\u00f6nemlerinde bile, burjuva tekelci gericilik ve \u201cy\u00fcr\u00fctme komitesi<\/em>\u201d di\u011ferlerinin yan\u0131nda iki ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u00f6nlemle krizin y\u00fcklerini i\u015f\u00e7i ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131na y\u0131kmaya giri\u015ftiler. D\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ve kan\u0131t\u0131 bor\u00e7lar\u0131n faizleriyle birlikte art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve \u00f6demelerinin halk\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n zorlanmas\u0131 g\u00fcndemde. D\u00f6vizin y\u00fckseli\u015fi ve enflasyon art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n her alanda h\u00fck\u00fcmet yetkililerini bile \u201cfahi\u015f<\/em>\u201d diyerek \u015fikayet eder g\u00f6r\u00fcnmek zorunda b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p genelle\u015fmesi, esnek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n i\u015f ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn yo\u011funlu\u011funu art\u0131rarak yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi bir dizi \u201cgeli\u015fme<\/em>\u201dnin s\u00f6z\u00fc edilebilir. Bizim \u00f6rnek olarak \u00fczerinde durmak istedi\u011fimizse, iki ba\u015fl\u0131ca talebe yol a\u00e7an \u201c\u00f6nlemler<\/em>\u201d. \u0130lki, makam arabalar\u0131 m\u00fcsrifli\u011finin \u00f6nlenmesi propagandas\u0131 ard\u0131na gizlenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan kamu harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n, yani belediyeler de i\u00e7inde kamu hizmetlerinin k\u0131s\u0131lmas\u0131 ve b\u00fct\u00e7eden e\u011fitim, sa\u011fl\u0131k, emeklilik, \u0131s\u0131nma, ayd\u0131nlatma … t\u00fcr\u00fc hizmetlere ayr\u0131lan \u00f6dentilerin kesilmesi, daha \u00e7ok paral\u0131 hale getirilmesi ve zamland\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130kincisiyse, her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn fazlala\u015farak artan i\u015ften atmalard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      Birincisinden birka\u00e7 talep t\u00fcreyece\u011fi, herhangi bir incelemeye gerek kalmaks\u0131z\u0131n, kolayca g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u00d6zel maddeler halinde ifadelendirilebilecek kamu harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131lmamas\u0131 ve tersine \u00f6zellikle i\u015fsizlere yard\u0131mlar\u0131 olanakl\u0131 k\u0131lmak \u00fczere art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 talebi herhalde \u00f6nemlidir: E\u011fitime b\u00fct\u00e7e.. sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa b\u00fct\u00e7e vb. gibi. Zamlara hay\u0131r, bu kapsamda eklenecek bir di\u011fer talep olarak g\u00f6z\u00fckmektedir.<\/p>\n

      \u0130\u015ften atmalara kar\u015f\u0131 talepler ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi de kesinlikle zorunludur.<\/p>\n

      Burada, aksi takdirde iflas edilece\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle zorunlu oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen i\u015ften atmalar, ili\u015fkili olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccret dayatmalar\u0131 ve ek zam ve genel olarak \u00fccret zamm\u0131 ve asgari \u00fccretin y\u00fckseltilmesi taleplerinin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn kesilmesi ba\u011flam\u0131nda taleplerin \u201cinand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em>\u201d sorununa de\u011finerek, bitirelim.<\/p>\n

      Taleplerin i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve geni\u015f emek\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f ve tabakalar\u0131n zihninde inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131yla yans\u0131malar\u0131, y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131 birle\u015ftirici ve m\u00fccadelelerini ilerletici olabilmelerinin bir \u00f6nko\u015fuludur.<\/p>\n

      \u00d6rnek vermek gerekirse… Asgari \u00fccret, ge\u00e7en Aral\u0131k\u2019ta %14.2 oran\u0131nda art\u0131r\u0131larak 1603 TL olarak belirlenmi\u015fti. Bu \u00fccret, Ocak 2018\u2019de 446.4 Euro\u2019ya, 10 Eyl\u00fcl 2018\u2019de ise 213.7 Euro\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geliyor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla 9 ayda yar\u0131 yar\u0131ya erimi\u015f ya da %100 de\u011fer kaybetmi\u015f bulunuyor. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n, b\u0131rakal\u0131m a\u00e7l\u0131k ve hele yoksulluk s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na \u00e7ekilmesini, asgari \u00fccretin d\u00f6vizdeki y\u00fckseli\u015fi kar\u015f\u0131lamak \u00fczere iki misli y\u00fckseltilerek, 3200 TL olmas\u0131n\u0131n talep edilmesinin bile, \u201cfedakarl\u0131k<\/em>\u201d propagandas\u0131n\u0131n bunca yayg\u0131n oldu\u011fu ko\u015fullarda, \u201cbu ko\u015fullarda da bu kadar\u0131 olur mu?<\/em>\u201d denip inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 say\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphelidir. O nedenle talepler form\u00fcle edilirken \u201cinand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em>\u201d \u00f6ncelikle dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131, talebin bir kez ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmekle kal\u0131nmay\u0131p yenilenece\u011fi<\/em><\/strong> ve yenilenirken geli\u015ftirilebilece\u011fi<\/em><\/strong> de bilinerek, bu bak\u0131mdan hassas davran\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      \u0130\u015ften atma ve \u00fccret zamm\u0131 taleplerine gelince, bu talepler, \u015firketlerin zor durumda olmalar\u0131 ve iflas riskiyle y\u00fcz y\u00fcze bulunmalar\u0131 gerek\u00e7esini ileri s\u00fcrmelerini de kar\u015f\u0131lamak \u00fczere, genel olarak \u015firket kurtarmalar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilecek \u201ckamula\u015ft\u0131rma<\/em>\u201d talebiyle birlikte ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmelidir. \u015eirketlerin kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131 de\u011fil, kamula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131… \u0130flas vb. gerek\u00e7esiyle \u201cfedakarl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em>\u201d, \u201c0 zam<\/em>\u201d ve hatta \u201c\u00fccretlerin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesi<\/em>\u201d olarak i\u015f\u00e7ilerinden bekleyerek, krizin y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc onlar\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131na y\u0131kmaya y\u00f6nelen \u015firketler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, \u00fccret art\u0131\u015f\u0131 talebinden gerilememek ve art\u0131\u015f\u0131, \u201cinand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em>\u201d da g\u00f6zeterek, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin akl\u0131na yatmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, yerelin\/i\u015fletmenin vb. i\u015f\u00e7ileri ve m\u00fccadelelerinin \u00f6znel durumunun elveri\u015fli olmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcp, \u201ckamula\u015ft\u0131rma<\/em>\u201d ve kamula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak i\u015fyerlerinde \u201ci\u015f\u00e7i denetimi<\/em>\u201d talebiyle birle\u015ftirerek savunmak.<\/p>\n

      Krizin y\u00fcklerine kar\u015f\u0131 bir m\u00fccadele platformu, bu \u00e7er\u00e7evesiyle, ancak i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve emek\u00e7ilerin hayat\u0131n\u0131n ve m\u00fccadelesinin i\u00e7inden form\u00fcle edilebilir.<\/p>\n

      [1]<\/a> Bankalar\u0131n faiz gelirleriyle net k\u00e2r rakamlar\u0131 i\u00e7in bkz: tr.sputniknews.com, 11.09.2018<\/p>\n

      [2]<\/a> Bkz. Evrensel, 12.09.2018<\/p>\n

      [3]<\/a> Talep etti\u011fi, \u015f\u00fcphesiz halk\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131nda bir sopa olan burjuva demokrasisidir. \u0130stedi\u011fi, kendisi i\u00e7in y\u00f6netme hakk\u0131d\u0131r. Halka kar\u015f\u0131 olan y\u00f6netime kat\u0131lma pe\u015findedir.<\/p>\n

      [4]<\/a> T24, 11 A\u011fustos 2018<\/p>\n

      [5]<\/a> Agy<\/p>\n

      [6]<\/a> Bu ve M\u00fclkiyeliler Birli\u011fi \u00f6nerisiyle ilgili di\u011fer aktarmalar i\u00e7in bkz. Gazete Duvar, 17.08.2018<\/p>\n

      [7]<\/a> \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 1980\u2019den sonra benimsedi\u011fi ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcme modeli, stratejik bir ak\u0131lla a\u015famal\u0131 olarak terk edilmelidir. Yerine<\/em><\/strong> ithalat ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrecek, katma de\u011feri y\u00fcksek mal \u00fcretimini te\u015fvik edecek, kendine her bak\u0131mdan yeter bir ekonomi tesis edecek bir b\u00fcy\u00fcme modeli benimsenmelidir.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n

      [8]<\/a> Kamula\u015ft\u0131rma talebi\/slogan\u0131n\u0131n bir propaganda slogan\u0131 olu\u015funu mutlakla\u015ft\u0131rmamak gerektir. Genel olarak ve \u00fclke \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde b\u00f6yledir ve uzunca bir s\u00fcre b\u00f6yle kalmas\u0131 muhtemeldir. Ancak m\u00fccadele platformunun yerelli\u011fi ve somut olarak hayata ge\u00e7irili\u015fi ancak \u00f6yle olabilece\u011fi i\u00e7in yerelle\u015ftirilme zorunlulu\u011fu, t\u00fcm s\u00fcre\u00e7 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi olmakla birlikte, \u00f6zellikle i\u015fin ba\u015flar\u0131nda yerellerde uygulanma imkan\u0131<\/em><\/strong> dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, belirli i\u015fletmeler \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde geli\u015fecek i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin y\u00fckseli\u015fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak kolayl\u0131kla ajitasyon ve belirli bir geli\u015fme s\u00fcreci izleyerek hatta belirli i\u015fletmeler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan eylem slogan\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilece\u011fi g\u00f6zden uzak tutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \u201cD\u00fczen-i\u00e7ine s\u00fcr\u00fcklenme<\/em>\u201d tehlikesi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclerek, geli\u015fmelere uygun davran\u0131p gere\u011fini yapmaktan geri durulamaz.<\/p>\n

      [9]<\/a> K. Boratav ve A.H. K\u00f6se aktarmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in bkz. Gazete Duvar, 20.08.2018<\/p>\n

      [10]<\/a> 1928 Kom\u00fcnist Enternasyonal Program\u0131 – 1928, VI. B\u00f6l\u00fcm, \u201cProletarya Diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u0130\u00e7in M\u00fccadelede Kom\u00fcnist Enternasyonal’in Stratejisi Ve Takti\u011fi<\/em>\u201d, ab\u00e7.<\/p>\n

      [11]<\/a> Age, ab\u00e7.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Kadir Yal\u00e7\u0131n Erdo\u011fan-AKP h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin, \u00fcretimdeki t\u00f6kezlemenin ard\u0131ndan \u201cpara\u201d-d\u00f6viz kriziyle patlak verip geli\u015fmekte olan kriz s\u00fcrecini a\u00e7\u0131klamak \u00fczere sar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cAmerika T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ekonomik sava\u015f a\u00e7t\u0131\u201d i\u00e7erikli, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n komplolarla d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sav\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ersizli\u011fi az \u00e7ok ekonomi bilgisine sahip \u00e7ok say\u0131da ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan ortaya kondu. Dergimizin ge\u00e7en say\u0131s\u0131nda biz de \u00fczerinde durduk. Neden bir \u201cd\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u015fman\u201d aray\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olundu\u011fu hakk\u0131nda da fazla bir tart\u0131\u015fma yok. Daha […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":728,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[492,367,328],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-727","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-23-sayi-ekim-2018","category-emek-mucadelesi","category-kadir-yalcin"],"yoast_head":"\nKrizin y\u00fcklerine kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele platformu i\u00e7in giri\u015f<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/teoriveeylem.net\/tr\/2018\/10\/03\/krizin-yuklerine-karsi-mucadele-platformu-icin-giris\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale:alternate\" content=\"en_EN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Krizin y\u00fcklerine kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele platformu i\u00e7in giri\u015f\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kadir Yal\u00e7\u0131n Erdo\u011fan-AKP h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin, \u00fcretimdeki t\u00f6kezlemenin ard\u0131ndan \u201cpara\u201d-d\u00f6viz kriziyle patlak verip geli\u015fmekte olan kriz s\u00fcrecini a\u00e7\u0131klamak \u00fczere sar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cAmerika T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ekonomik sava\u015f a\u00e7t\u0131\u201d i\u00e7erikli, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n komplolarla d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sav\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ersizli\u011fi az \u00e7ok ekonomi bilgisine sahip \u00e7ok say\u0131da ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan ortaya kondu. 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T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ekonomik sava\u015f a\u00e7t\u0131\u201d i\u00e7erikli, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n komplolarla d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sav\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ersizli\u011fi az \u00e7ok ekonomi bilgisine sahip \u00e7ok say\u0131da ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan ortaya kondu. 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