{"id":3834,"date":"2025-10-17T09:56:33","date_gmt":"2025-10-17T06:56:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/teoriveeylem.net\/tr\/?p=3834"},"modified":"2025-10-17T09:56:33","modified_gmt":"2025-10-17T06:56:33","slug":"ucuz-emek-rejimi-sendikal-hak-ve-ozgurlukler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/teoriveeylem.net\/tr\/2025\/10\/17\/ucuz-emek-rejimi-sendikal-hak-ve-ozgurlukler\/","title":{"rendered":"Ucuz Emek Rejimi, Sendikal Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler"},"content":{"rendered":"

Seyfi Sel\u00e7uk<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 uzun d\u00f6nemdir mutlak anlamda bir yoksulla\u015fma s\u00fcreci ya\u015f\u0131yor. \u00dccretler sistemli bir bi\u00e7imde bask\u0131lan\u0131rken, bu, temel t\u00fcketim maddeleri ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere her t\u00fcrl\u00fc mal ve hizmet fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n serbest\u00e7e belirlenebildi\u011fi bir denklemde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, \u00f6zellikle gen\u00e7 ku\u015faklar\u0131, emek aleyhine olu\u015fan bu denklemi de\u011fi\u015ftirmek, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131nda iyile\u015ftirmeler sa\u011flamak \u00fczere uzun s\u00fcredir kesintisiz bir m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor. As\u0131l olarak lokal d\u00fczeyde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bu m\u00fccadeleler neredeyse her seferinde patronlar ve i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i sendikal b\u00fcrokrasi kadar kapitalist devleti de kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda buluyor. Valisinden kaymakam\u0131na, polisinden jandarmas\u0131na, cami imam\u0131ndan il, il\u00e7e m\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fcklerine, belediye ba\u015fkanlar\u0131na var\u0131ncaya kadar burjuva kapitalist devletin\/sistemin eksiksiz t\u00fcm kurumlar\u0131 bu m\u00fccadelede i\u015f\u00e7ilerin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yerlerini al\u0131yor. Kendili\u011finden bilincin etkisi alt\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek bir sendikal \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fckten mahrum halde i\u015f\u00e7iler \u00e7o\u011fu halde kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kan bu kapitalist blok kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda afall\u0131yor, durumu anlamakta ve kavramakta zorlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

K\u0131smi kazan\u0131mlarla ve yenilgilerle ilerleyen bu m\u00fccadeleler sonucunda kapitalist patronlar ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetler yer yer zorda kalarak vermeye mecbur kald\u0131klar\u0131 tavizleri, sonras\u0131nda ko\u015fullar kendileri i\u00e7in elveri\u015fli hale geldi\u011fi anda misliyle geri almay\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131yorlar. H\u00fclasa, bilindik \u201cka\u015f\u0131kla verdi\u011fini kep\u00e7eyle geri alma<\/em>\u201d hali i\u015flevselli\u011fini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Peki, nas\u0131l oluyor da i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n militanca m\u00fccadele etmekten imtina etmedi\u011fi ko\u015fullarda \u201cSisifos s\u00f6ylencesi<\/em>\u201dni and\u0131r\u0131r b\u00f6yle bir tablo ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor?<\/p>\n

Verili durumda bunun yan\u0131t\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz i\u015f\u00e7i ku\u015faklar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fccadeleci unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesinin tarihsel birikiminden b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yoksun olmalar\u0131 ve bununla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak s\u0131n\u0131f bilinci y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaaf ve eksikliktir.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015f\u00e7i hareketi ve sendikal hareketin ileriye do\u011fru bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yapabilmesi \u00f6ncelikle bu zaaf ve eksikliklerin giderilmesine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle i\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda m\u00fccadele iste\u011fi ve sendikala\u015fma e\u011filiminin giderek yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fi durumu daha da acil ve kritik hale getirmektedir.<\/p>\n

Neoliberal D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm: Ucuz Emek Rejimine Ge\u00e7i\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu y\u00fczdendir ki, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ve sendikal hareketin bug\u00fcn y\u00fcz y\u00fcze bulundu\u011fu sorunlar\u0131n kaynaklar\u0131 do\u011fru tespit edilmelidir. Bu ise, ancak an\u2019a de\u011fil tarihselli\u011fi ba\u011flam\u0131nda s\u00fcrece odaklanarak yap\u0131labilir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, bug\u00fcn y\u00fcz y\u00fcze gelinen problematik olgular ancak tarihsel bir perspektifle ele al\u0131n\u0131p irdelendi\u011finde kavranabilir \u00f6zelliktedir. Mevcut tablo bir g\u00fcnde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tarihsel arka plan \u0131skaland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bug\u00fcn\u00fc anlamak da o \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015fecektir.<\/p>\n

Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere kapitalist d\u00fcnya ekonomisi \u201c1973 petrol krizi<\/em>\u201d olarak da nitelenen geli\u015fmeler nedeniyle uzun s\u00fcren bir durgunlu\u011fun ve istikrars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7ine girdi. Uluslararas\u0131 siyasi konjonkt\u00fcrdeki geli\u015fmeler ve de\u011fi\u015fimlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak kapitalist emperyalizmin bu durumdan \u00e7\u0131kmak i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurdu\u011fu yollardan biri de \u0130kinci Payla\u015f\u0131m Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 ekonomide devreye sokulan Keynesyen politikalar\u0131n yerine \u201cneoliberalizm<\/em>\u201d ad\u0131yla patentlenen yeni ekonomi politikan\u0131n devreye al\u0131nmas\u0131 oldu. \u00d6zelle\u015ftirme, dereg\u00fclasyon (devletin ekonomideki \u201cd\u00fczenleyici rol\u00fc<\/em>\u201dn\u00fcn azalt\u0131lmas\u0131), \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma d\u00fczeninin esnekle\u015ftirilmesi (kurals\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rma, esnek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, ta\u015feronla\u015ft\u0131rma, yeni istihdam bi\u00e7imleri), i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin, yani sendikalar\u0131n etkisizle\u015ftirilmesi, g\u00fcmr\u00fck duvarlar\u0131 esnetilerek meta ve sermaye ihrac\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki engellerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi unsurlar, bu politikalar\u0131n temel \u00e7er\u00e7evesini olu\u015fturuyordu.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye kapitalizmi \u00f6z\u00fc itibariyle i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 halklara bir sald\u0131r\u0131 program\u0131 olan bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme \u201c24 Ocak 1980 Kararlar\u0131<\/em>\u201dyla yelken a\u00e7t\u0131. O d\u00f6neme kadar ithal ikameci denen, yani i\u00e7 pazara dayal\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcme -sermaye birikim modeli- terk edilerek ihracata dayal\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcme modeline ge\u00e7i\u015f yap\u0131ld\u0131. Ve buradan hareketle deyim yerindeyse her \u015fey \u201culuslararas\u0131 rekabete tabi<\/em>\u201d k\u0131l\u0131nd\u0131. Ne var ki, T\u00fcrkiye sanayisinin teknik temeli uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde rekabet edebilme ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n hayli gerisindeydi. Bu ortamda i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i tekelci burjuvazi bu rekabet ortam\u0131na ayak uydurabilmesinin ve geli\u015febilmesinin yeg\u00e2ne ko\u015fulunu \u201cucuz i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc<\/em>\u201dnde g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ihracata dayal\u0131 yeni birikim rejimi daha ba\u015ftan bir \u201cucuz emek rejimi<\/em>\u201d olarak planlan\u0131p olu\u015fturuldu. Alamet-i farikas\u0131 \u201c\u00fccretlerin bask\u0131lanmas\u0131<\/em>\u201d olan bu modelin ba\u015far\u0131yla uygulanabilmesi i\u00e7in her \u015feyden \u00f6nce i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ve sendikalar\u0131n bu duruma r\u0131za g\u00f6stermeleri, olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise diren\u00e7lerinin zor ve \u015fiddet yoluyla k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131. \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilece\u011fi gibi, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve sendikalar\u0131n 24 Ocak Kararlar\u0131na yan\u0131t\u0131 olduk\u00e7a sert oldu. Grev ve direni\u015fler giderek yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131. Bir genel grev ve halk\u0131n bir genel direni\u015fi hatt\u0131na do\u011fru ilerleyen hareketin \u00f6n\u00fc ancak askeri bir darbeyle al\u0131nabildi. Ve T\u00fcrkiye bu yeni uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczene ancak 12 Eyl\u00fcl askeri darbesiyle entegre edilebildi. 11 Eyl\u00fcl g\u00fcn\u00fc 40 bin i\u015f\u00e7i grevdeydi ve k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra 60 bin i\u015f\u00e7i daha greve \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin bu d\u00f6nemdeki m\u00fccadele kararl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u015fu tarihsel ger\u00e7e\u011fi burada hat\u0131rlatmak gerekir. \u0130stanbul Alibeyk\u00f6y\u2019de kurulu Sungurlar, Demird\u00f6k\u00fcm, Mecidiyek\u00f6y\u2019de kurulu Profilo ve Gebze-\u00c7ay\u0131rova\u2019da kurulu Tezsan fabrikalar\u0131nda i\u015f\u00e7iler darbe sonras\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn s\u00fcreyle direni\u015fi s\u00fcrd\u00fcrerek -i\u015fba\u015f\u0131 yapmayarak- sendikalar\u0131ndan gelecek haberi beklediler. Beklenen haber gelmeyince i\u015fba\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131lar. D\u0130SK ve ba\u011fl\u0131 sendikalar\u0131n y\u00f6neticileri tutuklanm\u0131\u015f, bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ise s\u0131k\u0131y\u00f6netim komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na bizzat kendileri teslim olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

24 Ocak Kararlar\u0131 ile temelleri at\u0131lan ve darbe e\u015fli\u011finde uygulamaya sokulan bu politika (ucuz emek rejimi) s\u0131n\u0131f g\u00fc\u00e7 ili\u015fkilerindeki de\u011fi\u015fimlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak pratikte kimi dalgalanmalar g\u00f6sterse de g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar istisnas\u0131z i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i tekelci burjuvazi ve i\u015f ba\u015f\u0131na gelen t\u00fcm h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin emek alan\u0131na ili\u015fkin ba\u015fat politikalar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturdu.<\/p>\n

Sistemli Sald\u0131r\u0131: \u0130\u015f\u00e7i S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n Hak Kay\u0131plar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n bug\u00fcn y\u00fcz y\u00fcze oldu\u011fu sorunlar\u0131n temelinde yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131m as\u0131r boyunca sermaye ve i\u015f ba\u015f\u0131na gelen burjuva iktidarlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan sistemli bir bi\u00e7imde uygulanan bu \u201cyeni sermaye birikim rejimi<\/em>\u201d ve \u201cyeni ekonomik politika<\/em>\u201d bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

12 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcn ilk icraatlar\u0131ndan biri D\u0130SK\u2019in kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve T\u00fcrk-\u0130\u015f ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm konfederasyonlar\u0131n ve ba\u011fl\u0131 sendikalar\u0131n faaliyetlerinin ask\u0131ya al\u0131nmas\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Grev, direni\u015f ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc eylem yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. D\u00f6nemin T\u0130SK Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Halit Narin\u2019in i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na i\u015faret ederek s\u00f6yledi\u011fi \u201c\u015fimdi g\u00fclme s\u0131ras\u0131 bizde<\/em>\u201d s\u00f6zlerine nazire yaparcas\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan yasalarla i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve sendikalar\u0131n eli kolu ba\u011flanmak istenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de T\u0130S s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ve sendikalar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131 \u00fczerinde bir \u201cDemokles k\u0131l\u0131c\u0131<\/em>\u201d gibi sallanan Y\u00fcksek Hakem Kurulu\u2019nun (YHK) kurulu\u015funa kaynakl\u0131k eden 24 Aral\u0131k 1980 Tarihli 2364 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun gelmektedir. Bu kanun ile 275 say\u0131l\u0131 Toplu \u0130\u015f S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, Grev ve Lokavt Kanunu\u2019nun 2364 say\u0131l\u0131 bu kanuna ayk\u0131r\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulanmayaca\u011f\u0131 h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece 274 ve 275 say\u0131l\u0131 yasalar ile kurulan toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ve sendikal haklar rejimi ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2364 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ile olu\u015fturulan YHK\u2019ye, y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fck s\u00fcresi sona ermi\u015f bulunan i\u015fkolu veya i\u015fyeri toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerini, gerekli g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri yapmak suretiyle yeniden y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe koyma gibi ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc yetkiler tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. YHK\u2019nin bu yetkisi 1984 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar devam etmi\u015ftir. 5 \u00fcyesi h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan iki \u00fcyesi i\u015fveren \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc (T\u0130SK) taraf\u0131ndan iki \u00fcyesi T\u00fcrk-i\u015f taraf\u0131ndan atanan 9 ki\u015fiden olu\u015fan YHK\u2019n\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararlar kesindi; itiraz edilemezdi. \u00d6yle ki, YHK bizzat kendi belirledi\u011fi s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde bile istedi\u011fi an de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapabilirdi. T\u00fcrk-\u0130\u015f b\u00fcrokrasisi o d\u00f6nem yaln\u0131zca YHK\u2019ye \u00fcye vermekle kalmam\u0131\u015f, Genel Sekreter Sad\u0131k \u015eide\u2019yi cunta h\u00fck\u00fcmetine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bakan\u0131 olarak vererek su\u00e7 ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

5 May\u0131s 1983 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren 2822 say\u0131l\u0131 Toplu \u0130\u015f S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, Grev ve Lokavt Kanunu ile Y\u00fcksek Hakem Kurulunun kurulu\u015funda\/bile\u015fiminde -ki, kurul art\u0131k 11 ki\u015fiden olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r- ve yetkilerinde kimi makyajlama t\u00fcr\u00fcnden de\u011fi\u015fiklikler olsa da antidemokratik \u00f6z\u00fc ve i\u00e7eri\u011fi b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle korunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

T\u0130S yapabilme yetkisine sahip bir sendika olabilmek i\u00e7in getirilen %10 (g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde %1) i\u015f kolu, %50+1 i\u015fyeri, %40 i\u015fletme baraj\u0131, sonradan kald\u0131r\u0131lsa da sendika kurucusu ya da merkez y\u00f6neticisi olabilmek i\u00e7in ilgili i\u015f kolunda 10 y\u0131l bilfiil \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olma zorunlulu\u011fu, \u00fcyelikte noter \u015fart\u0131 gibi d\u00fczenlemelerle sendikalar\u0131n ve hareketin kolu kanad\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131lmak istenmi\u015f; arzu edilen sonuca b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6ylece yaln\u0131zca sendikal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmenin \u00f6n\u00fcne bariyer \u00e7ekmekle kal\u0131nmam\u0131\u015f, ayn\u0131 zamanda sendika kuruculu\u011fu ve y\u00f6neticili\u011fine getirilen k\u0131staslarla m\u00fccadeleci i\u015f\u00e7ilerin sendika y\u00f6netimlerine gelmeleri engellenmi\u015f ve sendikal b\u00fcrokrasi tahkim edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fcts\u00fczle\u015ftirme, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 kurals\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rma ve g\u00fcvencesizle\u015ftirme olarak \u00fc\u00e7 ayak \u00fczerine oturtulan bu politika ve kurulan ucuz emek rejimi as\u0131l olarak i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n;<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. a) Sosyal haklar (k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131, ikramiye, giyim, yakacak, do\u011fum, \u00f6l\u00fcm, d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn, \u00e7ocuk yard\u0131m\u0131 vb.),<\/li>\n
  2. b) Sendikal haklar (sendikal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, sendika t\u00fcz\u00fckleri-demokrasi ili\u015fkisi, yetki vb. ba\u011flam\u0131nda),<\/li>\n
  3. c) Serbest toplu pazarl\u0131k (T\u0130S hakk\u0131, grev hakk\u0131),<\/li>\n
  4. d) \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma d\u00fczeni (esnek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, istihdam bi\u00e7imleri, i\u015f\u00e7i sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, i\u015f g\u00fcvencesi) olarak \u00f6zetlenebilecek alanlardaki kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmay\u0131 ya da s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmay\u0131 hedefine koymu\u015ftur:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Bunun i\u00e7in 12 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019den ba\u015flayarak i\u015f kanunu, toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi grev ve lokavt kanunu, sendikalar kanunu defalarca i\u015f\u00e7iler aleyhine de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek konulan antidemokratik yeni h\u00fck\u00fcmlerle i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme ve hak arama yollar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne t\u00fcrl\u00fc engeller getirilmi\u015ftir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki grafik tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde emek aleyhine yap\u0131lan bu yasa de\u011fi\u015fikliklerinin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kapsamaktad\u0131r. Grafikte en dikkat \u00e7ekici yan emek aleyhine olan yasal de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin askeri cunta d\u00f6nemi ve AKP\/Erdo\u011fan iktidarlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Tablo 1. <\/strong>Yasal mevzuatta \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve haklar\u0131ndaki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Eme\u011fin Ulusal Gelirden Ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Pay Azald\u0131, \u00d6rg\u00fcts\u00fczl\u00fck Derinle\u015fti <\/strong><\/p>\n

    Neoliberal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ve \u201cucuz emek rejimi<\/em>\u201dne ge\u00e7i\u015fle birlikte \u00fccret gelirlerinin ulusal gelirden ald\u0131klar\u0131 pay sistemli bir bi\u00e7imde azal\u0131rken; k\u00e2r, faiz ve rant gelirlerinin ulusal gelirden ald\u0131klar\u0131 pay ise s\u00fcrekli artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hem getirilen engeller hem de \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmeler sonucunda sendikal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme gerilemi\u015ftir. \u00dcretimde i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc (\u00fccret) maliyeti k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcrken art\u0131 de\u011fer s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015f, \u00fccretler reel olarak s\u00fcrekli geriye gitmi\u015ftir. \u00d6zcesi i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 bir \u201cyoksulla\u015fma sarmal\u0131<\/em>\u201dna al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Eme\u011fe y\u00f6nelik bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n en \u015fiddetli haliyle uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemler ise 12 Eyl\u00fcl darbe d\u00f6nemi ve son 23 y\u0131ll\u0131k AKP\/Erdo\u011fan h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri d\u00f6nemi olmu\u015ftur. \u00d6zellikle tek adam rejimine ge\u00e7i\u015fle birlikte. Bu y\u00f6nden AKP\/Erdo\u011fan iktidar\u0131 bizatihi 12 Eyl\u00fcl rejiminin hem bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc hem de g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki g\u00f6z\u00fc kara s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

    12 Eyl\u00fcl darbe \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131 ve AKP\u2019nin i\u015f ba\u015f\u0131na geldi\u011fi 2002 y\u0131l\u0131 ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze gelen s\u00fcre\u00e7ten aktar\u0131lacak kimi veriler bunu do\u011frulamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    12 Eyl\u00fcl d\u00f6nemi<\/em><\/p>\n

    Milli gelirin emek ve sermaye bak\u0131m\u0131ndan y\u0131llara g\u00f6re da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yledir. 1979 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fccretlilerin pay\u0131 ulusal gelirin %32,79 iken, sermayenin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 pay %42,88\u2019dir. 1980 (darbe sonras\u0131) y\u0131l\u0131nda, orant\u0131 emek aleyhine bozulmu\u015f ve s\u0131ras\u0131yla %26,66 ve %49,47 olmu\u015ftur. 1988 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde ise ortada dramatik bir tablo vard\u0131r. Eme\u011fin pay\u0131 %14\u2019e kadar gerilerken sermayenin pay\u0131 %69\u2019a y\u00fckselmi\u015ftir. Asgari \u00fccretteki reel erimeye gelince; asgari \u00fccretin y\u0131ll\u0131k toplam\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131 milli gelire oran\u0131 1978 y\u0131l\u0131nda %103 iken 1980 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu oran %55\u2019e, 1989\u2019gelindi\u011finde ise %48,5 gerilemi\u015ftir. Burada haf\u0131za tazelemek \u00fczere bir parantez a\u00e7arak 1989 Bahar eylemlerinin, Zonguldak b\u00fcy\u00fck madenci y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn, 1988-89 ve 90 1 May\u0131s\u2019\u0131n\u0131n bu sosyal temel \u00fczerinde y\u00fckseldi\u011fini vurgulamak gerekir.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    AKP ve Erdo\u011fan iktidarlar\u0131 d\u00f6nemi<\/em><\/p>\n

    Bilindi\u011fi gibi AKP ve Erdo\u011fan 2001 ekonomik krizinin enkaz\u0131 \u00fczerinde iktidara geldi. Ekonomik krizin etkilerinin hen\u00fcz t\u00fcm\u00fcyle ge\u00e7medi\u011fi 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda ulusal gelirden eme\u011fin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 pay %28,7 idi. AKP ve Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n kesintisiz iktidar\u0131 alt\u0131nda Gayri Safi Yurti\u00e7i Has\u0131la (GSYH) b\u00fcy\u00fcrken \u00fccretlilerin ve sermayenin ulusal gelirden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 pay asimetrik bir seyir izlemi\u015ftir. \u00d6rne\u011fin GSYH 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda 2021 y\u0131l\u0131na g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 5,5 oran\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin emek ve sermaye aras\u0131ndaki yans\u0131mas\u0131 ise \u015f\u00f6yle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti: 2022 y\u0131l\u0131 GSYH\u2019da eme\u011fin pay\u0131 2021 y\u0131l\u0131na g\u00f6re 3,7 puan azalarak y\u00fczde 26,3 olurken, sermayenin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 pay 1,4 puan artarak y\u00fczde 53,7\u2019ye ula\u015ft\u0131. Emek aleyhine olan bu denklem -d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f trendi- s\u00fcr\u00fcyor ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde eme\u011fin GSYH\u2019dan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 pay y\u00fczde 23-24 band\u0131na kadar gerilemi\u015f durumda. 2002\u2019de asgari \u00fccretin y\u0131ll\u0131k tutar\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131 milli gelire oran %51 iken 2023 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde bu oran %38,57 olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. 2002\u2019de imalat sanayiinde ortalama i\u015f\u00e7i \u00fccreti asgari \u00fccretin 4,6 kat\u0131 iken bu oran 2022\u2019de 1,8\u2019e d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131ndaki adaletsizlik \u201chabis bir ur<\/em>\u201d gibi ger\u00e7ekte t\u00fcm toplumu sarm\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r. \u00d6yle ki n\u00fcfusun y\u00fczde birinin toplam servetin y\u00fczde 41,9\u2019una sahip oldu\u011fu T\u00fcrkiye gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131ndaki e\u015fitsizlikte Avrupa \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131nda birinci, d\u00fcnyada 130 \u00fclke aras\u0131nda ise 28. s\u0131rada bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Sendikal alana gelince: 1980 y\u0131l\u0131nda SGK\u2019ya kay\u0131tl\u0131 2 milyon 205 bin i\u015f\u00e7inin 925 bini sendikal \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe sahipti. \u00d6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fck oran\u0131 %41 idi. 2025 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde, \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (\u00c7SGB) verilerine g\u00f6re SGK\u2019ya kay\u0131tl\u0131 16 milyon 864 bin i\u015f\u00e7inin 2 milyon 524 bin 547\u2019si sendikalarda \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcd\u00fcr ve sendikala\u015fma oran\u0131 %14,97\u2019dir. T\u0130S hakk\u0131ndan yararlanan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin oran\u0131 ise %10,66\u2019d\u0131r; lakin \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6re gelindi\u011finde bu oran %4,8\u2019e d\u00fc\u015fmektedir. \u00d6zel sekt\u00f6rde sendikala\u015fma oran\u0131 halen %7,15, kamuda ise %76,65 tir. Bununla birlikte 12 Eyl\u00fcl sonras\u0131 sendikal \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fck ve sendikala\u015fma oran\u0131 hep tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir konu olmu\u015ftur. Getirilen %10 i\u015f kolu ve %50 art\u0131 1 i\u015fyeri ve %40 i\u015fletme barajlar\u0131 sendikalarda naylon \u00fcyeli\u011fin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 beraberinde getirmi\u015ftir. H\u00fck\u00fcmetler ba\u015fta Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (\u0130LO) olmak \u00fczere uluslararas\u0131 platformlarda zor duruma d\u00fc\u015fmemek i\u00e7in bu duruma bilerek g\u00f6z yummaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

    \u00d6yle ki, D\u0130SK ve ba\u011fl\u0131 sendikalar\u0131n ve \u00f6nemli say\u0131da ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z sendikan\u0131n kapal\u0131 oldu\u011fu bir ortamda sendikala\u015fma oran\u0131 tarihteki en y\u00fcksek seviyelere ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rneklemek gerekirse: 1984\u2019te %55 olan sendikala\u015fma oran\u0131 85-88 aras\u0131 y\u00fczde 60-65 band\u0131nda, 88-89\u2019da yine y\u00fczde 50\u2019lerde; 90\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar boyunca y\u00fczde 60-70 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda seyrediyor. 2000\u2019lerin ba\u015f\u0131nda, yani AKP\u2019nin iktidara geldi\u011fi y\u0131llardaysa sendikala\u015fma oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 58\u2019lerde g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla T\u00dc\u0130K, \u00c7SGB verileri ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere bu konuda yay\u0131nlanan veriler ger\u00e7e\u011fi yans\u0131tmaktan olduk\u00e7a uzakt\u0131r. Bu durum 2012 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar devam etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    6356 Say\u0131l\u0131 Sendikalar ve Toplu \u0130\u015f S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi Kanunu 7\/11\/2012 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi. En dikkat \u00e7ekici yeniliklerden biri sendika \u00fcyeli\u011finde noter \u015fart\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131larak e-devlet \u00fczerinden \u00fcyeli\u011fin getirilmesidir. Bu tarihten sonra yasa gere\u011fi, Ocak 2013 itibar\u0131yla her y\u0131l\u0131n Ocak ve Temmuz aylar\u0131nda i\u015fkollar\u0131ndaki i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131lar\u0131 ve sendikalar\u0131n \u00fcye say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren istatistikler yay\u0131mlanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Sendikal istatistikleri, ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ntemin uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 2012 sonras\u0131 dikkate alarak inceledi\u011fimizde, sendikal\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i oran\u0131n\u0131n 2013 Ocak\u2019ta y\u00fczde 9,21 iken, 2025 Ocak ay\u0131nda y\u00fczde 14,97 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Aradan ge\u00e7en 12 y\u0131lda sendikal\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i oran\u0131 sadece y\u00fczde 5,74 art\u0131yor. \u00dcstelik bu art\u0131\u015f\u0131n y\u00fczde 2\u2019den fazlas\u0131 796 say\u0131l\u0131 KHK ile kamu kurumlar\u0131na veya kamu kurumlara ait \u015firketlere ge\u00e7i\u015fin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve T\u0130S s\u00fcrecinin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 2018-2021 d\u00f6neminde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor. Bu d\u00f6nem d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki 10 y\u0131ldaki art\u0131\u015f y\u00fczde 3,5 d\u00fczeyinde oluyor.<\/p>\n

    K\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekli 2008 krizi sonras\u0131 denebilirse t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada -ve \u00fclkemizde- i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin ivmelendi\u011fi ve sendikala\u015fma e\u011filiminin i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 i\u00e7inde yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ger\u00e7ektir. T\u00fcrkiye bu e\u011filimin en y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu \u00fclkelerin ba\u015f\u0131nda gelmektedir. Sendikala\u015fma oran\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu kamuda AKP d\u00f6neminde yap\u0131lan \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmeler sonucu ya\u015fanan tasfiyeler ve\/veya i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinde \u00fccret art\u0131\u015f\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda en fazla m\u00fccadele ve direni\u015fin sendikala\u015fmak i\u00e7in g\u00fcndeme geldi\u011fi ger\u00e7e\u011fi dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, AKP ve Erdo\u011fan iktidarlar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l bir sendika k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Sald\u0131r\u0131lar Politiktir, Yan\u0131t\u0131 da \u00d6yle Olmal\u0131d\u0131r <\/strong><\/p>\n

    Ger\u00e7ekte i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n bu zaman kesitinde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hak kay\u0131plar\u0131 saymakla bitmeyecek boyutlarda olmu\u015ftur. \u00dccretler, \u201989 Bahar eylemleri sonucunda ya da AKP\/Erdo\u011fan iktidarlar\u0131n\u0131n ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u00fclkeye ak\u0131n eden \u201cs\u0131cak para<\/em>\u201d bollu\u011funda oldu\u011fu gibi istisnai kimi d\u00f6nemler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda reel olarak gerilemi\u015f, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 mutlak anlamda yoksulla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ve bu durum g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de artarak devam etmektedir. Sermaye cephesi, burjuva h\u00fck\u00fcmetler ve burjuva d\u00fczen partileri, belirlenmi\u015f bir plan dahilinde \u201cucuz emek rejimi<\/em>\u201dne ge\u00e7i\u015fin \u00f6n\u00fcnde engel olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n tarihsel olarak elde etti\u011fi ve yasalara ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 birer birer ortadan kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Burjuva parlamentosu adeta sermayenin bir noteri gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak \u201cucuz emek rejimi<\/em>\u201dni kal\u0131c\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak \u00fczere gerekli anayasal, yasal de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri ve yeni yasal d\u00fczenlemeleri yaparak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 \u201corman kanunlar\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir araziye<\/em>\u201d d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f; s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z bir s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00f6\u015fe ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6\u015femi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Anayasa, Yasalar ve \u0130\u015f\u00e7i S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

    S\u0131n\u0131fl\u0131 bir toplum olarak kapitalist toplumda hukukun s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 burjuvazinin s\u0131n\u0131f \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 temelinde belirlenirken, anayasa ve yasalar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 ve uygulanma pratikleri s\u0131n\u0131f g\u00fc\u00e7 ili\u015fkileri ve s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesinin seyri taraf\u0131ndan belirlenir. Bu ba\u011flamda her s\u0131n\u0131f, \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 \u201ctoplumsal s\u00f6zle\u015fme<\/em>\u201d olarak nitelendirilen Anayasa ve yasalara ge\u00e7irerek \u201ctoplumsal anlamda bir me\u015fruiyet sa\u011flama<\/em>\u201dya ve \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 bu yolla teminat alt\u0131na almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 da tarihi boyunca bunu yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bununla birlikte kapitalizm ko\u015fullar\u0131nda anayasa ya da yasalara ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f olsa da hi\u00e7bir hak ilelebet kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak kesin g\u00fcvence alt\u0131nda olmaz\/olamaz. Nitekim yaln\u0131z \u00fclkemizde de\u011fil d\u00fcnya \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde de kapitalizm\/sosyalizm ve emek\/sermaye aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiler ve \u00e7eli\u015fkilerdeki de\u011fi\u015fimlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak son 50 y\u0131ld\u0131r i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n yasalarda yaz\u0131l\u0131 haklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc sermaye ve burjuvazi taraf\u0131ndan elinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bununla beraber i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 gere\u011fi, me\u015fru sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 haklar\u0131n\u0131 yasalara ge\u00e7irmek i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele etmesi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmsenemeyece\u011fi gibi; yaln\u0131zca yasalara bel ba\u011flanmas\u0131 -yasalar\u0131n abart\u0131lmas\u0131- ve\/veya m\u00fccadelenin yasal s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde kal\u0131narak verilmesi anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 da do\u011fru de\u011fildir. Zira hi\u00e7bir hak i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na bah\u015fedilmemi\u015ftir. O her seferinde taleplerinden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 me\u015fruiyetle y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc m\u00fccadelelerle sahada fiili olarak kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kar\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131na -sermaye ve burjuva h\u00fck\u00fcmetler- kabul ettirdi\u011fi haklar\u0131n\u0131 yasalara ge\u00e7irtmi\u015ftir. Bu g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de b\u00f6yledir, b\u00f6yle olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    12 Eyl\u00fcl askeri fa\u015fist darbesiyle halk hareketi ezilmi\u015f, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ve sendikal hareketin direnci k\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ekte 12 Eyl\u00fcl uluslararas\u0131 burjuvazi ve emperyalizm, i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i tekelci burjuvazi ve b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak sahipli\u011finin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 temelinde i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na, ezilen ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen halk kitlelerine kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen s\u0131n\u0131f sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n, politik m\u00fccadelesinin ad\u0131d\u0131r. Bunun sonucu \u00fclke yeni emperyalist s\u00fcrece entegre edilmi\u015f dolay\u0131s\u0131yla emperyalizme ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k artm\u0131\u015f, anayasa ve yasalarda yap\u0131lan d\u00fczenlemelerle kapitalist s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn (art\u0131 de\u011fer s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc) \u00f6n\u00fcndeki yasal engeller kald\u0131r\u0131larak \u00fclke sermaye ve burjuvazi i\u00e7in \u201cdikensiz bir g\u00fcl bah\u00e7esi<\/em>\u201d haline getirilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131m as\u0131rd\u0131r ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunlar\u0131n arkas\u0131nda uluslararas\u0131 ve i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i sermayenin bu politikalar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Gelgelelim sermaye ve burjuvazinin gayet a\u00e7\u0131ktan y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu politik\/ideolojik sald\u0131r\u0131lara i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 kendili\u011finden bilincin (burjuva bilin\u00e7) etkisiyle s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131p kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ekonomizmin\/sendikalizmin dar ufkuyla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir alandan yan\u0131t vermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn de i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ekonomik, sendikal talepler etraf\u0131nda as\u0131l olarak lokal d\u00fczeyde m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fctmektedir. Kendili\u011finden bilincin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde bu tutum gayet do\u011fal ve normal say\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken bir durumdur. Sorun \u015fu ki, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 hak arama yollar\u0131na t\u00fcrl\u00fc yasal engeller getirildi\u011fi, amiyane tabirle \u201cta\u015flar\u0131n ba\u011flan\u0131p k\u00f6peklerin sal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em>\u201d ko\u015fullardada vermektedir bu m\u00fccadeleleri. Sermaye ve burjuvazinin uluslararas\u0131 ba\u011fla\u015f\u0131klar\u0131yla devlet ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetiyle yekpare bir s\u0131n\u0131f olarak hareket etti\u011fi zeminde i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n birlikte hareket etmesinin (birle\u015fik eylem, genel grev, genel direni\u015f vb.) \u00f6n\u00fc yasal engellerle kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Sermaye, burjuva iktidarlar ve sendikal b\u00fcrokrasi i\u015f\u00e7i hareketi ve sendikal hareket i\u00e7inde bir yandan inan\u00e7, etnisite, siyasi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve hatta kadrolu i\u015f\u00e7i, ge\u00e7ici i\u015f\u00e7i, ta\u015feron i\u015f\u00e7i vb. temelinde farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131p b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fc bir rol oynarken, di\u011fer yandan i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 siyaset d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutman\u0131n teorisini yapmaktad\u0131r. Burada kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za iki ba\u015fat tutum \u00e7\u0131kar. Bunlardan ilki, sendika b\u00fcrokratlar\u0131n\u0131n \u201cbizim davam\u0131z ekmek davas\u0131, bizim siyasetle i\u015fimiz olmaz<\/em>\u201d retori\u011fi; di\u011feri, m\u00fccadeleyi yasal s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde tutma, hapsetme anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Oysa sermaye siyasetin daniskas\u0131n\u0131 yapmakta, sendikal b\u00fcrokrasi ise i\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda \u201csiyaset yasak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em>\u201d yapmak suretiyle i\u015f\u00e7ileri sermayenin (burjuva d\u00fczen partilerinin) siyasetine yedeklemektedir. Haklar\u0131n\u0131 teslim etmek gerekir. Burjuva d\u00fczen partileri de sendikal b\u00fcrokrasinin bu sadakatini onlar\u0131 milletvekili yaparak \u00f6d\u00fcllendirmektedir. Kapitalist patronlar ve sermaye h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 gerekti\u011finde anayasay\u0131, yasalar\u0131 \u00e7i\u011fnemekte beis g\u00f6rmezler. Fakat i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na zinhar siyaset yapmamalar\u0131n\u0131 ve yasal s\u0131n\u0131rlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmamalar\u0131n\u0131 vaaz ederler.<\/p>\n

    Oysa s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelelerinin ve bizatihi i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n tarihi, haklar\u0131n \u00f6nce fiiliyatta kazan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ard\u0131ndan anayasa ya da yasalara ge\u00e7ti\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 politik iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irip egemen s\u0131n\u0131f olarak \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmedik\u00e7e bu de\u011fi\u015fmeyecektir. Sermayenin, \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 gerektirdi\u011finde b\u0131rakal\u0131m yasalar\u0131 \u00e7i\u011fnemeyi, askeri fa\u015fist darbeler \u00f6rg\u00fctleyerek \u201ckendi koydu\u011fu yasalar\u0131 t\u00fcmden ask\u0131ya almaktan<\/em>\u201d geri durmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Burjuvazi bir s\u0131n\u0131f olarak tekelci a\u015famaya ge\u00e7i\u015fiyle birlikte feodalizme kar\u015f\u0131 egemenlik m\u00fccadelesi verdi\u011fi d\u00f6nemdeki b\u00fct\u00fcn ilerici \u00f6zelliklerini yitirmi\u015f, siyasi olarak gericile\u015fmi\u015f, demokratik hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin \u00f6n\u00fcnde engel haline gelmi\u015ftir. \u201c\u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015fu kendi eseri olacakt\u0131r<\/em>\u201d d\u00fcsturu bug\u00fcn her zamankinden daha fazla ge\u00e7erlidir ve bu d\u00fcstura sar\u0131lmak daha elzem hale gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, sermaye ve burjuvazinin ajanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapanlar taraf\u0131ndan adeta tabu haline getirilen \u201csiyaset yasak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em>\u201d ve \u201cyasal s\u0131n\u0131rlarla \u00e7er\u00e7evelenmi\u015f m\u00fccadele<\/em>\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131kmadan ger\u00e7ek manada haklar\u0131n\u0131 savunamaz. Askeri darbe ve oligar\u015fik y\u00f6ntemlerle gasp edilen demokratik\/sendikal ve siyasal hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri misliyle geni\u015fleterek geri kazanmadan kendisine zorla giydirilen \u201cucuz emek rejimi g\u00f6mle\u011fi<\/em>\u201dni s\u0131rt\u0131ndan atamaz.<\/p>\n

    \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm her zeminde birle\u015ferek bir s\u0131n\u0131f halinde hareket etmekten ge\u00e7mektedir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fccadeleci \u00f6nc\u00fc unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fanan sorunlara ve olas\u0131 geli\u015fmelere kendi s\u0131n\u0131f prizmas\u0131ndan -siyasetinden- s\u00fczerek bakmay\u0131 bilmeleri, \u00f6\u011frenmeleri ve bu temelde hareket etmeleri gerekir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Seyfi Sel\u00e7uk   \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 uzun d\u00f6nemdir mutlak anlamda bir yoksulla\u015fma s\u00fcreci ya\u015f\u0131yor. \u00dccretler sistemli bir bi\u00e7imde bask\u0131lan\u0131rken, bu, temel t\u00fcketim maddeleri ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere her t\u00fcrl\u00fc mal ve hizmet fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n serbest\u00e7e belirlenebildi\u011fi bir denklemde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, \u00f6zellikle gen\u00e7 ku\u015faklar\u0131, emek aleyhine olu\u015fan bu denklemi de\u011fi\u015ftirmek, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131nda iyile\u015ftirmeler sa\u011flamak \u00fczere uzun s\u00fcredir kesintisiz bir m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3835,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[774,773,351],"tags":[779,780,467],"class_list":["post-3834","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-68-sayi-yaz-2025","category-turkiye-isci-sinifi","category-seyfi-selcuk","tag-ucuz-emek-rejimi","tag-ucuz-emek","tag-isci-sinifi"],"yoast_head":"\nUcuz Emek Rejimi, Sendikal Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/teoriveeylem.net\/tr\/2025\/10\/17\/ucuz-emek-rejimi-sendikal-hak-ve-ozgurlukler\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale:alternate\" content=\"en_EN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ucuz Emek Rejimi, Sendikal Hak ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Seyfi Sel\u00e7uk   \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 uzun d\u00f6nemdir mutlak anlamda bir yoksulla\u015fma s\u00fcreci ya\u015f\u0131yor. \u00dccretler sistemli bir bi\u00e7imde bask\u0131lan\u0131rken, bu, temel t\u00fcketim maddeleri ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere her t\u00fcrl\u00fc mal ve hizmet fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n serbest\u00e7e belirlenebildi\u011fi bir denklemde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, \u00f6zellikle gen\u00e7 ku\u015faklar\u0131, emek aleyhine olu\u015fan bu denklemi de\u011fi\u015ftirmek, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131nda iyile\u015ftirmeler sa\u011flamak \u00fczere uzun s\u00fcredir kesintisiz bir m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor. 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