<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Erc\u00fcment Akdeniz<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcrkiye, Suriye sava\u015f\u0131 ve g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcyle birlikte d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6\u00e7 n\u00fcfusunu bar\u0131nd\u0131ran \u00fclkelerden biri haline geldi. Bu geli\u015fme T\u00fcrkiye burjuvazisi i\u00e7in yeni bir s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc alan\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131. AKP iktidar\u0131 Suriye g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc etkin \u015fekilde kullanarak, uluslararas\u0131 alanda s\u00fcregelen g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcne g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i bir akt\u00f6r olarak kat\u0131ld\u0131. Emperyalist devletlerle tekellerin bundan \u00f6nceki s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc deneyimleri T\u00fcrkiye burjuvazinin esin kayna\u011f\u0131 olurken; T\u00fcrkiye egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 ve siyasal iktidar, yeni s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc tekniklerini geli\u015ftirmek konusunda epeyce yol ald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki tabloya bakmadan \u00f6nce d\u00fcnya genelindeki duruma genel hatlar\u0131yla bakmakta fayda var. D\u00fcnya G\u00f6\u00e7 Raporu, 2020\u2019de, yerk\u00fcre \u00fczerinde en az 281 milyon g\u00f6\u00e7men oldu\u011funu belirledi. G\u00f6\u00e7 eden n\u00fcfus, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusunun y\u00fczde 3,5\u2019una denk geliyor. Yani d\u00fcnyada ya\u015fayan her 100 ki\u015fiden 3,5\u2019u g\u00f6\u00e7men.[1]<\/a> \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmak ya da iltica etmek i\u00e7in k\u0131talara yay\u0131lan milyonlarca T\u00fcrkiyeli de bu n\u00fcfusunun i\u00e7inde. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla d\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde devinen g\u00f6\u00e7ler sadece T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye gelmedi\u011fi gibi, T\u00fcrkiye de di\u011fer \u00fclkelere hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r say\u0131da g\u00f6\u00e7 vermektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, 83 milyon n\u00fcfuslu Almanya\u2019da 3 milyon civar\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiyeli ya\u015famaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Daha \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 olan\u0131 \u015fudur ki, d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki toplam g\u00f6\u00e7men n\u00fcfusunun ezici \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7iler olu\u015fturuyor. ILO verilerine g\u00f6re, 2017\u2019de 164 milyon olan g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131 2019\u2019a gelindi\u011finde 169 milyon ki\u015fiye y\u00fckseldi. Bu s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda d\u00fcnya g\u00f6\u00e7men n\u00fcfusu i\u00e7indeki gen\u00e7 i\u015f\u00e7ilerin oran\u0131 ise y\u00fczde 2 art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterdi.[2]<\/a> S\u00f6z\u00fc edilen rakamlar\u0131n 2022 sonu itibar\u0131yla \u00e7ok daha yukar\u0131larda seyredece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. K\u0131sacas\u0131, d\u00fcnyada g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i n\u00fcfusu azalm\u0131yor, s\u00fcrekli art\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 20\u2019nci y\u00fczy\u0131lda g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn zirvesi, \u0130kinci Emperyalist D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n hemen ard\u0131ndan ya\u015fand\u0131. 1945\u2019te Avrupa fa\u015fizmden kurtulduktan\/kurtar\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra y\u0131k\u0131lan kentleri, altyap\u0131y\u0131, tesisleri ve fabrikalar\u0131 yeniden in\u015fa etmek i\u00e7in g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcne ihtiya\u00e7 duyuldu. Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n kapitalist devletleri trenler ve gemiler e\u015fli\u011finde g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i transferine giri\u015ftiler. Kancay\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye, Yunanistan vb. yoksul \u00fclkelere atan \u0130talyan, Alman ve AB tekelleri \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i transferlerinden birine imza att\u0131lar. Almanya, Gasterbaiter (misafir i\u015f\u00e7ilik) program\u0131n\u0131 devreye sokarak, en a\u011f\u0131r, en pis, en riskli i\u015fleri g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilere yapt\u0131rd\u0131. Avrupa\u2019da kapitalizmin yeniden aya\u011fa kalk\u0131\u015f\u0131nda g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc belirleyici \u00f6neme sahip oldu. \u0130lerleyen y\u0131llarda g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc yeni yasal d\u00fczenlemeler ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc teknikleriyle devam etti ve bug\u00fcne gelindi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00fcnya kapitalizmine esin kayna\u011f\u0131 olan bir di\u011fer model de K\u00f6rfez Arap \u00fclkelerinde boy verdi. Suudi Arabistan, Katar, Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere K\u00f6rfez \u00fclkelerinde prototipi olu\u015fturulan devasa i\u015f\u00e7i kamplar\u0131, g\u00f6\u00e7men eme\u011fi s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn di\u011fer k\u0131talara yay\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in adeta laboratuvar i\u015flevi g\u00f6rd\u00fc. A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak in\u015faat ve petrol i\u015fkolunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7iler, binlerce i\u015f\u00e7inin kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00e7\u00f6llerde kurulu ko\u011fu\u015flarda, kamp hayat\u0131na katlanmak zorundad\u0131r. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki sosyal hayat\u0131 olduk\u00e7a s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Hangi \u00fclkeden gelirlerse gelsinler g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilere \u015fer-i h\u00fck\u00fcmlere g\u00f6re ya\u015famak dayat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Filipinler, Hindistan, Pakistan, T\u00fcrkiye ve daha bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkeden kafileler halinde K\u00f6rfez \u00fclkelere getirilen i\u015f\u00e7iler, \u201ckafala sistemi<\/em>\u201d denen bir uygulamayla g\u00fcvencesiz i\u015f\u00e7iler haline getirildiler. Kafala kefillik demektir. G\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7inin K\u00f6rfez Arap \u00fclkelerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in \u201ci\u015fverenlerin<\/em>\u201d ya da \u015firketlerin kefilli\u011fine ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u015eeriat yasalar\u0131na da uygun olan bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sistemi g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7iyi adeta patronlar\u0131n k\u00f6lesi yapmaktad\u0131r. \u0130tilafl\u0131 durumda \u201ci\u015fveren<\/em>\u201d taraf\u0131 kefilli\u011fini sona erdirmekte ve \u015feriat mahkemeleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn alacaklar\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilmektedir. Denebilir ki g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki kitlesel g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015fl\u0131ca mekanizmalar\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 \u015firketler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla K\u00f6rfez\u2019de olu\u015fturuldu. Di\u011fer \u00fclkelerden i\u015f\u00e7i toplayan uluslararas\u0131 \u015firketler, zamanla bu s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc tekni\u011finin daha \u00f6zg\u00fcn bi\u00e7imlerini Avrupa, ABD ve di\u011fer k\u0131talarda uygulad\u0131lar. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, yabanc\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan kanun de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finde \u201cg\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7inin bir i\u015fyerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in onun ad\u0131na i\u015fveren ba\u015fvurusunun olmas\u0131<\/em>\u201d bu \u00f6rneklerden biridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Gerek BM gerekse \u0130LO verilerinde \u201cg\u00f6\u00e7men n\u00fcfus<\/em>\u201d kavram\u0131 m\u00fcltecileri de kapsayan daha geni\u015f bir tan\u0131m\u0131 ifade eder. 2022 sonu itibar\u0131yla 300 milyona dayanaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen d\u00fcnya g\u00f6\u00e7men n\u00fcfusunun 89 milyon kadar\u0131 yerinden yurdundan edilenler, yani m\u00fcltecilerdir. Emperyalizm ve kapitalist gericili\u011fin neden oldu\u011fu sava\u015f, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma, i\u00e7 sava\u015flar, politik bask\u0131 ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcnler nedeniyle \u00fclkelerini terk etmek zorunda kalan m\u00fclteciler, ayakta kalabilmek i\u00e7in en g\u00fcvencesiz i\u015flerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya mecbur b\u0131rak\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. 1951 BM Cenevre M\u00fclteciler S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere 20\u2019nci y\u00fczy\u0131la ait ve m\u00fcltecilere dair sosyal koruma haklar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0131zla tasfiye edilmesinin de bunda \u00f6nemli bir etkisi vard\u0131r. Sosyalizmin ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 m\u00fccadelesinin uluslararas\u0131 kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n yok edilmesinin bir etkeni de g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilerin kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n tasfiyesi oldu. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc g\u00fcc\u00fc zay\u0131flad\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6\u00e7men emek\u00e7iler daha savunmas\u0131z hale geldiler. Eskiden m\u00fclteciler belirli bir s\u00fcre (uyum, e\u011fitim, entegrasyon s\u00fcreci) sosyal koruma alt\u0131nda ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmadan ya\u015fayabilirken; 21\u2019nci y\u00fczy\u0131la gelindi\u011finde durum \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015fti. Bu y\u00fczy\u0131lda adeta \u201cg\u00fcvencesiz de olsa \u00e7al\u0131\u015facaks\u0131n, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayan m\u00fclteci ayakta kalmaz \u00f6l\u00fcr<\/em>\u201d d\u00fczenine ge\u00e7ildi. B\u00f6ylece m\u00fclteciler, \u015febekelerin, i\u015f\u00e7i simsarlar\u0131n\u0131n, ta\u015feronlar\u0131n, merdiven-alt\u0131 at\u00f6lyelerin, fason \u00fcretim zincirini besleyen kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ve korsan i\u015f piyasas\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcler. \u201cMilenyum \u00e7a\u011f\u0131<\/em>\u201dn\u0131n cilas\u0131 i\u015fte b\u00f6ylesine ac\u0131mas\u0131z bir s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc d\u00fczenine kap\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131. Devam\u0131nda ucuz, g\u00fcvencesiz, kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015flerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan m\u00fclteci y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar \u00e7\u0131\u011f gibi b\u00fcy\u00fcmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz d\u00fcnyas\u0131 pandeminin, Ukrayna\u2019daki sava\u015f \u00fczerinden yeni bo\u011fazla\u015fma senaryolar\u0131n\u0131n ve ekonomik krizin girdab\u0131 i\u00e7inde \u00e7\u0131rp\u0131n\u0131rken; b\u00fct\u00fcn bu k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcklerin sorumlusu olan emperyalistler, \u201cinsani ve d\u00fczenli g\u00f6\u00e7 y\u00f6netimi<\/em>\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda yeni s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc mekanizmalar\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. \u201cK\u00fcresel ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcme<\/em>\u201d ad\u0131na d\u00fcnyan\u0131n dev tekelleri, kasa \u015fi\u015firme planlar\u0131n\u0131 emperyalist ekonomik zirvelere ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131lar. B\u00f6ylece \u201cg\u00f6\u00e7men eme\u011finin i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc piyasas\u0131na d\u00e2hil edilmesi<\/em>\u201dne dair stratejiler, \u201cyeni k\u00fcresel kalk\u0131nma modeli<\/em>\u201d olarak d\u00fcnya \u00fclkelerine pazarlanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. G7, G20 gibi emperyalist birlikler, yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u201cAB Yeni G\u00f6\u00e7 ve \u0130ltica Pakt\u0131<\/em>\u201d gibi stratejiler, ahtapotun kollar\u0131 gibi b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na sald\u0131r\u0131yor. Bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n bir y\u00f6n\u00fc de g\u00f6\u00e7men eme\u011finin ucuz, g\u00fcvencesiz rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n G20\u2019nin alt\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fctlenen L20 (Labour 20) gibi zirvelerle de i\u015f\u00e7i sendika konfederasyonlar\u0131 bu projeye alet ediliyor. \u201cSosyal diyalog<\/em>\u201d sendikac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rmak ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 sermayeye yedeklemek i\u00e7in bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 m\u00fclteci haklar\u0131n\u0131n daha da t\u0131rpanlanmas\u0131na, g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilerin daha ucuza ve g\u00fcvencesiz s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclmesine hizmet ediyor.[3]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Avrupa Konseyi taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan ve 1 Ocak 2021\u2019de y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konan \u201cAB Yeni G\u00f6\u00e7 ve \u0130ltica Pakt\u0131<\/em>\u201d ise, sermayenin k\u00fcresel stratejisinin \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir hamlesi olarak, g\u00f6\u00e7menleri ve m\u00fcltecileri kapana s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Yeni pakt ile Avrupa\u2019ya m\u00fclteci ge\u00e7i\u015flerine \u201cdur<\/em>\u201d diyen Avrupa tekeller birli\u011fi, istihdam a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 gidermek \u00fczere \u201cge\u00e7ici s\u00f6zle\u015fmeli g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7iler<\/em>\u201d projesini devreye soktu.[4]<\/a> T\u00fcrkiye, Libya gibi \u00fclkelere de bu projenin ta\u015feronlu\u011fu g\u00f6revi verildi. \u0130ngiltere de \u00f6nce \u201cg\u00f6\u00e7men deposu<\/em>\u201d olarak, yol a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131rsa \u201cg\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i deposu<\/em>\u201d olarak benzer bir plan\u0131 Ruanda\u2019da uygulamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. K\u0131sacas\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de son y\u0131llarda ba\u015f g\u00f6steren y\u0131\u011f\u0131nsal g\u00f6\u00e7men eme\u011fi s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc, k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte ve kapitalizm eliyle \u00f6rg\u00fctlenen b\u00fct\u00fcn bu s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc sistemiyle birlikte de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n G\u00f6\u00e7men Eme\u011fi Transferinde T\u00fcrkiye<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Emperyalist i\u015fgaller, sava\u015flar ve \u00fclkelerdeki i\u00e7 sava\u015flar neticesinde yola d\u00fc\u015fen kitleler, kapitalizmin ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu d\u00fcnya g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i kitlesinin de rezervi durumunda. Suriye\u2019deki sava\u015ftan ka\u00e7mak zorunda kalanlar gibi! Yerinden ve yurdundan edilenlerin say\u0131s\u0131 Suriye\u2019de \u00fclke n\u00fcfusunun yar\u0131s\u0131na yakla\u015ft\u0131. Sadece T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 4 milyonu a\u015fk\u0131n (resmi rakam 3,7 milyon) Suriyeli oldu\u011fu ifade ediliyor. Bu kitlenin 2 milyona yak\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvencesiz i\u015f\u00e7iler durumuna d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Okul s\u0131ras\u0131nda olmas\u0131 gereken \u00e7ocuk m\u00fclteciler h\u0131zla i\u015f\u00e7ile\u015fti. Emperyalist talan, s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc ve yeniden payla\u015f\u0131m sava\u015flar\u0131; petrol, do\u011falgaz, toprak, hegemonya alanlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 gibi k\u00e2rl\u0131 bir s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc alan\u0131n\u0131 da beraberinde getirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Milyon dolarlar\u0131n d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc uluslararas\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7men ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinden ucuz ve g\u00fcvencesiz g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i talep eden kapitalistler; i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015f girift ili\u015fkileriyle i\u015fbirli\u011fi halinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Bir \u00f6rnek vermek gerekirse; Afganistan Kabil\u2019den \u0130stanbul\u2019a do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131kan g\u00f6\u00e7men kafilesinin gen\u00e7 \u00fcyeleri, hen\u00fcz daha yola \u00e7\u0131kmadan \u00e7al\u0131\u015facaklar\u0131 i\u015fyerlerini ya da at\u00f6lyeleri biliyorlar. \u0130nternet ve sosyal medya imkanlar\u0131n\u0131 da kullanan insan tacirleri, Instagram, Facebook, Telegram, WhatsApp vb. kanallar \u00fczerinden g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ileri pazara \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor. G\u00f6\u00e7men amele pazar\u0131 sadece T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de\u011fil t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde \u00f6r\u00fcmcek a\u011f\u0131 gibi \u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f halde.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Klavyenin yahut telefonun tu\u015funa bas\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7inin ya\u015f\u0131ndan kilosuna, i\u015f deneyiminden vesikal\u0131k foto\u011fraf\u0131na kadar bir\u00e7ok bilgi patronlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Anadolu\u2019nun mezra ve k\u00f6ylerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak Afgan \u00e7obanlar, ya\u015fl\u0131 ve \u00e7ocuk bak\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00d6zbek ya da T\u00fcrkmen kad\u0131nlar, Rize\u2019de \u00e7ay toplamak i\u00e7in mevsimlik G\u00fcrc\u00fc emek\u00e7iler, liman ve tersanede \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak \u00fczere Ukraynal\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7iler bu s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc borsas\u0131 \u00fczerinden kiralan\u0131yor. Elbette t\u00fcm g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7iler sosyal medya \u00fczerinden pazarlanm\u0131yor. \u00d6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fclkeye giri\u015f yapt\u0131ktan sonra i\u015f\u00e7i simsarlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131na tak\u0131l\u0131yor. \u00d6yle ki, \u00f6zel istihdam b\u00fcrolar\u0131 h\u0131zla \u201cg\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i transfer b\u00fcrolar\u0131<\/em>\u201d haline gelmektedir. Bu b\u00fcrolar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma izin belgesi dahilinde hem kay\u0131tl\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i transferini sa\u011fl\u0131yor hem de perde arkas\u0131ndan kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ileri \u201cistihdam pazar\u0131na<\/em>\u201d \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n G\u00f6\u00e7 \u0130daresi Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 2018 verilerine g\u00f6re; T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma izni verilen toplam g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131 115 bin 837 ki\u015fi. Bu say\u0131 2019\u2019da 145 bin 232 ki\u015fi olmu\u015ftur. 2018\u2019deki g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i n\u00fcfusunun men\u015fe \u00fclkelere da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ise \u015fu \u015fekildedir: Suriye: 34 bin 573, K\u0131rg\u0131zistan: 13 bin 452, G\u00fcrcistan: 7 bin 321, Ukrayna: 6 bin 394, T\u00fcrkmenistan: 5 bin 547, \u00d6zbekistan: 3 bin 969, Nepal: 3 bin 186, Azerbaycan: 2 bin 997, Rusya: 2 bin 994, \u00c7in: 2 bin 992, \u0130ran: 2 bin 689, Endonezya: 2 bin 356, Filipinler: 2 bin 76, Kazakistan: bin 799, Hindistan: bin 663 ki\u015fi.[5]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Veriler T\u00fcrkiye burjuvazisinin \u00e7ok uluslu g\u00f6\u00e7men eme\u011fi s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcne ba\u015fvurdu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. 115 bin 837 g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i kay\u0131tl\u0131 olanlar\u0131 ifade ederken, kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lanlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 belgelerde yok. Sigortas\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan g\u00f6\u00e7men\/m\u00fclteci i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 2 milyona yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor. Kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 alana girdik\u00e7e Ermenistan, Irak, Pakistan ya da Afrika \u00fclkeleri gibi men\u015fe \u00fclkelerin say\u0131s\u0131 da katlanmaya ba\u015fl\u0131yor. \u00d6yle ki, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki \u201cg\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc end\u00fcstrisi<\/em>\u201d i\u015fkollar\u0131 baz\u0131nda da belirli bir \u015fekle kavu\u015fmu\u015f durumda. Tekstil ve ayakkab\u0131c\u0131l\u0131kta Suriyeli i\u015f\u00e7iler, \u00e7obanl\u0131kta Afganlar, \u00e7ay toplamada G\u00fcrc\u00fc i\u015f\u00e7iler, in\u015faatta Azeri i\u015f\u00e7iler, ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131k ve kot y\u0131kamada Afrika \u00fclkelerinden i\u015f\u00e7iler, at\u0131k k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t ve plastik toplamada Pakistanl\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7iler, ya\u015fl\u0131 ve \u00e7ocuk bak\u0131m\u0131nda \u00d6zbek, Filipinli ve T\u00fcrkmenistanl\u0131 kad\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7iler bask\u0131n. Bu kategori elbette keskin ayr\u0131mlar i\u00e7ermiyor ve her i\u015fkolunda birden \u00e7ok milliyetten i\u015f\u00e7i bulmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Ama i\u015fkollar\u0131 baz\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan toplam manzara, kapitalistlerin (boru hatlar\u0131yla ta\u015f\u0131nan petrol misali) insan ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla d\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerden nas\u0131l yedek i\u015f\u00e7i ordusu transfer ettiklerini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kapitalist emperyalizmin yeni g\u00f6\u00e7 y\u00f6netiminde m\u00fclteci ve g\u00f6\u00e7men haklar\u0131 h\u0131zla geriye giderken, g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc daha \u00e7ok korsan ve kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 alana kay\u0131yor. Bu durum uluslararas\u0131 burjuvazi i\u00e7in k\u00e2r oranlar\u0131n\u0131n da b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi demek. Emperyalistlerle i\u015fbirli\u011fi halinde hareket eden T\u00fcrkiye burjuvazisi de bu imk\u00e2n\u0131 sonuna kadar de\u011ferlendirme gayretinde. Son 20 y\u0131ld\u0131r \u00fclke y\u00f6netimini elinde bulunduran AKP iktidar\u0131 \u201cyeni g\u00f6\u00e7 y\u00f6netimi<\/em>\u201dnin yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc \u00e7ark\u0131n\u0131 en etkin \u015fekilde sermayenin emrine sundu. \u00d6rne\u011fin AKP Genel Ba\u015fkan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Mehmet \u00d6zhaseki\u2019nin \u015fu s\u00f6zleri itiraf niteli\u011finde: \u201c\u015eimdi baz\u0131 \u015fehirlerde sanayiyi onlar ayakta tutuyorlar. Gaziantep sanayisine gidin y\u00fcz binlerce insan en a\u011f\u0131r ve en zor i\u015flerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. Kayseri sanayisinde de \u00f6yle. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i bulam\u0131yorlar, bu adamlar \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/em>\u201d[6]<\/a> Daha \u00f6ncesinde AKP Genel Ba\u015fkan Dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 Yasin Atay da \u201cSuriyeliler bir gitsin \u00fclke ekonomisi \u00e7\u00f6ker<\/em>\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda bulunmu\u015ftu. G\u00f6\u00e7 \u0130daresinden sorumlu \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 S\u00fcleyman Soylu i\u015fi daha da ileri g\u00f6t\u00fcrerek \u015fu itirafta bulundu: \u201cFabrikanda Suriyeliyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, s\u00f6m\u00fcr, sigortas\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131rma. Sonra ayak ayak \u00fcst\u00fcne at, ‘Ne olacak bu Suriyelilerin hali’ de. Bir milyon insan gidecek. Kim isyan edecek biliyor musun? O i\u015f sahipleri\u2026<\/em>\u201d[7]<\/a> Peki, ama bu kadar y\u0131l bunca m\u00fclteci i\u015f\u00e7inin sigortas\u0131z ve \u00fc\u00e7 kuru\u015fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na, i\u015f cinayetlerinde \u00f6lenlerin g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na g\u00f6z yumanlar kimler? Elbette AKP iktidar\u0131, kapitalistler ve AKP y\u00f6netimindeki devlet. AKP\u2019nin \u201cdin karde\u015fli\u011fi<\/em>\u201d, \u201cmisafirperverli\u011fi<\/em>\u201d buraya kadard\u0131r!<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hangi Suriyeliler?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Tam da burada, T\u00fcrkiyeli i\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda kafa buland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00e7oklukla kullan\u0131lan bir kavram \u00fczerinde durmak gerekir: \u201cSuriyeliler<\/em>\u201d! Kavram s\u0131n\u0131f \u00e7eli\u015fkilerinin \u00fczerini kapatan bir perde gibi kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Oysa ne Suriyeliler ne de T\u00fcrkiyeliler \u201cs\u0131n\u0131fs\u0131z ve z\u00fcmresiz<\/em>\u201d bir kitle. Suriyelilerin ya da Suriyeli m\u00fcltecilerin i\u00e7inde farkl\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f ve tabakalardan insanlar bulunuyor. Suriye sava\u015f\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren sava\u015f ekonomisiyle el ele y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc ve bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te sava\u015f zenginleri t\u00fcredi. Sava\u015fta m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015fen, h\u0131zla i\u015f\u00e7ile\u015fen insanlar sava\u015f zenginlerinin a\u011f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcler. Sava\u015f \u00f6ncesinde kendi \u00fclkelerinde i\u015f\u00e7i olan Suriyeliler ise s\u00fcrg\u00fcn ellerde daha alt i\u015flere s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcler. Daha uzun saatler ve daha ucuza \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak onlar i\u00e7in neredeyse rutin hale getirildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n G\u00f6\u00e7 \u0130daresi Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 26 \u015eubat 2019 verilerine g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de en az bir orta\u011f\u0131 Suriyeli olan \u015firket say\u0131s\u0131 15 bin 159. Y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde Suriye burjuvazisinin ve finans gruplar\u0131n\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye sermayesine d\u00e2hil oldu. S\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc mekanizmas\u0131, fabrikas\u0131yla, makineleriyle ve i\u015f aletleriyle birlikte T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131. Zira T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de pozisyon alan ve diasporada ba\u015fa ge\u00e7en \u201cmuhalif Suriye sermayesi<\/em>\u201d \u00f6nce kendi yurtta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrerek i\u015fe ba\u015flad\u0131. Tekstil fabrikalar\u0131nda, at\u00f6lyelerde, ma\u011faza ve lokanta zincirlerinde kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve \u201c\u00fc\u00e7 kuru\u015fa<\/em>\u201d \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan Suriyeli i\u015f\u00e7iler zenginle\u015fmenin yeni dayana\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131lar. Suriyeli kapitalistler T\u00fcrkiye burjuvazisinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline gelirken, Suriyeli i\u015f\u00e7iler de T\u00fcrkiye i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 oldular. \u0130\u015fte, toplum \u00fczerinde \u201cSuriyeli<\/em>\u201d genellemesi yap\u0131larak saklanan s\u0131n\u0131fsal ger\u00e7eklik budur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 11 Y\u0131l B\u00f6yle Gelmi\u015f 11 Y\u0131l Daha B\u00f6yle Gider mi?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Suriye sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ve b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 2011 tarihinden bug\u00fcne 11 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti. G\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn 10\u2019ncu ve 11\u2019nci y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00f6\u00e7; ba\u015fta stat\u00fc hakk\u0131, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131, entegrasyon, e\u011fitim, vatanda\u015fl\u0131k, geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli ba\u015fl\u0131klarla tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Yaz\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde ve tam da bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ac\u0131mas\u0131zca s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin 11 y\u0131ll\u0131k tarihine k\u0131saca bakmakta fayda var. T\u0130SK raporlar\u0131 bu bak\u0131mdan ibretliktir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Suriyeli s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lara \u201cGe\u00e7ici Koruma<\/em>\u201d stat\u00fcs\u00fc ancak 2013-2014 y\u0131llar\u0131nda g\u00fcndeme gelebildi. Bu tarihe kadar kayd\u0131 bile olmayan milyonlarca m\u00fcltecinin tam anlam\u0131yla kurals\u0131z s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc s\u00f6z konusu. Tar\u0131m, tekstil, in\u015faat ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere enformel sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn kapitalistleri Suriyeli i\u015f\u00e7iler \u00fczerinden ciddi paralar kazand\u0131. Bu gidi\u015fat\u0131 g\u00f6ren b\u00fcy\u00fck patronlar \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc T\u0130SK s\u00fcrece kendi cephesinden \u201citiraz<\/em>\u201d etti. Bu ama\u00e7la 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda Hacettepe \u00dcniversitesi (H\u00dcGO projesi) ile birlikte \u201cT\u00fcrk \u0130\u015f D\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye’deki Suriyeliler Konusundaki G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f, Beklenti ve \u00d6nerileri<\/em>\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bir rapor yay\u0131nland\u0131. Bu rapor, \u00f6zetle orta ve b\u00fcy\u00fck boy fabrikalara da g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i transferini talep etmi\u015f ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetin \u00f6n\u00fcne yasal d\u00fczenlemeler ve projeler koymu\u015ftur.[8]<\/a> Her 100 ki\u015finin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 fabrikada en fazla 10 yabanc\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na dair yasal d\u00fczenleme b\u00f6yle g\u00fcndeme geldi. Ama g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn 11\u2019inci y\u0131l\u0131nda dahi bu parlak projeler pratik hayat i\u00e7inde pek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulmu\u015f de\u011fil. Zira kay\u0131t alt\u0131nda ve sigortal\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131 Suriyelilerde 34 binde kald\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olan \u201cYabanc\u0131lar i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma kanunu<\/em>\u201d \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma iznine dair ba\u015fvuru hakk\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fclteci i\u015f\u00e7ilerin elinden al\u0131p kapitalistlerin eline vermektedir. Yani g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilerin boynuna tak\u0131lan zincirin di\u011fer ucu kapitalistlerin elindedir. Ayr\u0131ca i\u015f\u00e7inin sigorta hakk\u0131n\u0131 maliyet artt\u0131ran gereksiz harcama sayan kapitalistler, kay\u0131tl\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya yana\u015fm\u0131yorlar. Yabanc\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7ilerin kapitaliste olan SGK maliyeti yasal d\u00fczenlemeyle yerli i\u015f\u00e7ilere g\u00f6re daha y\u00fcksek hale getirildi. Yani kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 m\u00fclteci \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma adeta \u00f6zendiriliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2020 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde T\u0130SK bu kez bir \u201cG\u00f6\u00e7menlerin \u0130\u015f Piyasas\u0131na Uyum Raporu<\/em>\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.[9]<\/a> Rapor, b\u00fcy\u00fck fabrikalarda g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in h\u00fck\u00fcmetten ek d\u00fczenleme talep etmektedir. En \u00f6nemli birka\u00e7 maddeyi s\u0131ralarsak;<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1- Se\u00e7ilmi\u015f b\u00f6lgelerde, istihdama dair zorluk olan i\u015f kodlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi, bunlar\u0131n Suriyeli i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc ile kar\u015f\u0131lanabilir olanlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi, yerel ihtiya\u00e7 analizleri. B\u00f6ylece, merdiven-alt\u0131 at\u00f6lyelerden sonra bu kez Organize Sanayi B\u00f6lgelerinde en a\u011f\u0131r, en pis, en tehlikeli ve i\u015f\u00e7ilerin en ucuza \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yahut \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak istemedikleri i\u015flerin tespiti yap\u0131lacak. Yani yerli i\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u201c\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktan geri durdu\u011fu<\/em>\u201d bu i\u015flerde Suriyelilerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in me\u015fru bir ortam sa\u011flanacak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2- \u0130\u015fverenlerin personel aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 sistemleriyle ve Suriyelilerin i\u015f arama kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesiyle istihdamla ilgili s\u00fcre\u00e7leri kolayla\u015ft\u0131rabilecek reg\u00fclasyonlar \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kamuya \u00f6nerilmesi. Burada \u00f6zel istihdam b\u00fcrolar\u0131 g\u00f6reve \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lmakta ve fabrikalar\u0131n insan kaynaklar\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7iler \u00fczerinden yeniden dizayn edilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 3- \u00d6zellikle kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ge\u00e7ici koruma kapsam\u0131ndaki Suriyelilere yap\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fitli sosyal yard\u0131mlar\u0131n, \u201c\u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131yor olma \u015fart\u0131<\/em>\u201dna ba\u011flan\u0131p ba\u011flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi hususlar g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilebilir. Hat\u0131rlatmak gerekir ki, Suriyeli i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ezici \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu yoksul ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ocuk yard\u0131m\u0131 gibi sosyal yard\u0131mlara mahk\u00fbm ya\u015f\u0131yor. Sigortal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak bu yard\u0131m \u00f6dene\u011finden muaf olmak anlam\u0131na geliyor. T\u0130SK\u2019in \u00f6nerisi ise, m\u00fclteci i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir sosyal koruma yerine s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc katmerlendiren bir ara form\u00fcle i\u015faret etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6zetle, tekelci kapitalistler g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn 11\u2019inci y\u0131l\u0131na kadar at\u0131lan ad\u0131mlardan pek memnun de\u011filler ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yak\u0131n gelece\u011finde ucuz ve g\u00fcvencesiz Suriyeli i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck fabrikalara da \u00e7ekilmesinde \u0131srarc\u0131lar. Ayr\u0131ca b\u00fcy\u00fck kapitalistlerin sendikas\u0131 T\u0130SK, g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc \u00fczerinden yerli i\u015f\u00e7ilerin kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 (\u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatleri, \u00fccret, tatil vb.) \u00fczerinde de bask\u0131 yaratmay\u0131 hedeflemektedir. Yani b\u00fcy\u00fck kapitalistler \u201cB\u00f6yle gelmi\u015f ama yetmez, s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc katmerlenecek<\/em>\u201d demektedir. KOB\u0130\u2019lerde, tar\u0131m ve in\u015faatlarda, ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131k ve merdiven-alt\u0131 at\u00f6lyelerde ise g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilerin kurals\u0131z s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc zaten t\u00fcm h\u0131z\u0131yla devam etmektedir. Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n hemen yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de palazland\u0131r\u0131lan bu ucuz i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc cenneti, yeni bir Banglade\u015f, yeni bir Hindistan gibi b\u00fcy\u00fcmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Peki Ya \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Sendikalar\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u0130SK, T\u00dcS\u0130AD, M\u00dcS\u0130AD gibi kapitalist \u00f6rg\u00fctler g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7i s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc \u00fczerine s\u00fcrekli olarak planlamalar yaparken i\u015f\u00e7i sendikalar\u0131 adeta uykudad\u0131r. Sendikal b\u00fcrokrasi ise, kapitalizmin i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6len, yerli ve g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ileri rekabete zorlayan giri\u015fimlerine adeta \u00e7anak tutuyor. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6rne\u011fin HAK \u0130\u015e, tam anlam\u0131yla h\u00fck\u00fcmetin arka bah\u00e7esinde sendikac\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131yor. \u201cDin karde\u015fli\u011fi<\/em>\u201d s\u00f6ylemine sar\u0131larak, asl\u0131nda m\u00fclteci ve g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilerin haklar\u0131n\u0131 yok say\u0131yor. Yerli ve g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilerin e\u015fit haklar talebi Hak-\u0130\u015f sendikac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda s\u00f6z konusu bile de\u011fil. T\u00fcrk-\u0130\u015f ise, uzunca bir d\u00f6nem \u201c\u00d6nce T\u00fcrk i\u015f\u00e7isinin menfaatleri<\/em>\u201d diyerek, g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilere g\u00f6zlerini kapatt\u0131. T\u00fcrk-\u0130\u015f, sermayenin g\u00f6\u00e7men s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc \u00fczerinden 11 y\u0131ld\u0131r kat etti\u011fi bu zincirli yola adeta selam durdu. 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Ya\u015fayan Suriyeli S\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar ve Kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 G\u00f6\u00e7menler<\/em>\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 raporunda ise T\u00fcrk-\u0130\u015f, deyim yerindeyse i\u015fin \u015firazesini ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131. M\u00fclteci i\u015f\u00e7ilere \u201cMutlu musun?<\/em>\u201d diye soran rapor \u201cSigortan var m\u0131?<\/em>\u201d deme gere\u011fini bile duymad\u0131!\u2019 Kestirme yoldan \u201cAsl\u0131nda Suriyeli i\u015f\u00e7iler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de mutlu<\/em>\u201d sonucuna var\u0131ld\u0131![10]<\/a> Gerek Hak-\u0130\u015f gerekse T\u00fcrk-\u0130\u015f\u2019in yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 esas olarak yerli ve g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilerin birli\u011finden, ortak \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesinden ve yan yana m\u00fccadelesinden ka\u00e7an b\u00fcrokratik bir sendikal anlay\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u0130SK\u2019in son d\u00f6nem yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sempozyum ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015ftaylar sorunu ortak hak m\u00fccadelesinde tarif etmesiyle di\u011fer iki konfederasyondan ayr\u0131l\u0131yor. Fakat bununla birlikte s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen \u00e7al\u0131\u015ftaylara i\u015f\u00e7ilerin, i\u015fyeri temsilcilerinin, sendikac\u0131lar\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ve al\u0131nan kararlar\u0131n fabrikalarda, tabanda hayat bulmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ciddi sorunlar vard\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan D\u0130SK Konfederasyonu, T\u00fcrk-\u0130\u015f ve Hak-\u0130\u015f ile birlikte G20 zirvelerinin alt zirvesi olan L20\u2019lere kat\u0131lmay\u0131 kabul ederek, patronlarla birlikte \u201csosyal diyalog<\/em>\u201d aray\u0131\u015f\u0131na devam ediyor. Bu, D\u0130SK\u2019in g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ileri de kapsayan etkin bir m\u00fccadele ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme seferberli\u011fine girememesinin nedenlerinden biri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u015eovenizmin Amac\u0131 \u0130\u015f\u00e7i S\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 K\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcm B\u0131rakmakt\u0131r<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ekonomik krizin sars\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131, emperyalist sava\u015f tehdidi ve a\u011f\u0131r pandemi ko\u015fullar\u0131nda kapitalistler; i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7i eylemlerine dayanan sosyal patlamalardan endi\u015fe ediyorlar. Bu y\u00fczden, 20\u2019nci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli sosyal k\u0131r\u0131lma anlar\u0131nda yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, \u015fovenizm yeniden devreye sokuluyor. Milliyet\u00e7ilik, \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k, uluslar aras\u0131nda nefret ve ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k, yerli ve g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda \u00f6rg\u00fctlenen d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k yeniden parlat\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. \u015eovenizm burjuva ideolojisinde \u00f6zel bir yere sahip ve hemen her zaman kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak kimi d\u00f6nemlerde daha etkin \u015fekilde kullan\u0131l\u0131r veya kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyulur. Ama\u00e7, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n birli\u011fini b\u00f6lmek, i\u015f\u00e7ilerin kapitalizme kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelesini g\u00f6\u00e7men d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinden sapt\u0131rmak, hedef \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtmak, i\u015f\u00e7i emek\u00e7i hareketini zay\u0131f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek ve k\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcm b\u0131rakmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yabanc\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinden iktidara y\u00fcr\u00fcyen fa\u015fist Mussolini ve Hitler hat\u0131rlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz emperyalizmi, \u00f6nceki tarihsel tecr\u00fcbelere de dayanarak, bug\u00fcn yeniden fa\u015fist ideolojilerin, \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 fa\u015fist ak\u0131m ve partilerin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131yor. Fa\u015fist liderler yeniden palazland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor. Fa\u015fizm insanl\u0131k tarihinde karanl\u0131k bir prestije sahip oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in hen\u00fcz \u00f6n denemeler yap\u0131l\u0131yor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de bunun prototipi partiler t\u00fcr\u00fcyor, t\u00fcretiliyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin Zafer Partisi, Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n neofa\u015fist partileriyle yar\u0131\u015farak g\u00f6\u00e7men d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sar\u0131l\u0131yor. Zaman zaman tek adam y\u00f6netimi, kimi zaman da burjuva muhalefet Zafer Partisi\u2019nin s\u00f6ylemlerinden nemalan\u0131yor ve onun m\u00fclteci d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kullanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Fa\u015fist \u015foven ideolojinin ba\u015f d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7ilerdir. O, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 m\u00fccadelesini gericilik \u00fczerinden yedeklemek ve k\u0131rmak i\u00e7in vard\u0131r. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 buna asla prim vermemeli, yerli ve g\u00f6\u00e7men emek\u00e7ilerin m\u00fccadele birli\u011fini \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kararak, \u015fovenizme kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131yas\u0131ya m\u00fccadele etmelidir<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kapitalistler ve siyasal s\u00f6zc\u00fclerinin s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 b\u00f6lmeyi ama\u00e7layan k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmalar\u0131yla m\u00fclteci i\u015f\u00e7iler hedef haline getiriliyor. B\u00f6ylece ekonomik kriz, yoksulluk ve i\u015fsizlik kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6fke duyan i\u015f\u00e7iler, m\u00fcltecileri i\u015faret ederek \u201cOnlar geldi i\u015fimizi elimizden ald\u0131<\/em>\u201d diyebiliyorlar. \u0130lk bak\u0131\u015fta do\u011fruymu\u015f gibi ifade edilen bu saptama asl\u0131nda yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yanl\u0131\u015f ve y\u00fczeysel oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in de kendili\u011finden bilin\u00e7le hareket eden i\u015f\u00e7ileri g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp burjuva bilince teslim etmektedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc i\u015fi, ekme\u011fi elden alanlarla ucuz, g\u00fcvencesiz g\u00f6\u00e7men \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak yerli i\u015f\u00e7ileri yoksullu\u011fun dibine itenler asl\u0131nda kapitalistlerdir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i rekabetinden nemalananlar, ger\u00e7ekte s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc muslu\u011funu elde tutanlard\u0131r. Ve elbette b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131ran bir rekabet d\u00fczeni olarak koordine eden burjuva h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerdir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin bu ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi kavramalar\u0131 i\u00e7in kendi s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n bilincine vararak ayd\u0131nlanmaya ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u015eovenizmin panzehiri i\u015f\u00e7i enternasyonalizmidir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i sosyalizmine dayanmayan \u201csol<\/em>\u201d \u201csosyalist<\/em>\u201d hareketler \u015fovenizme kar\u015f\u0131 tutarl\u0131 m\u00fccadele edemezler; burjuva savrulmalardan kurtulamazlar. B\u00f6yle oldu\u011fu i\u00e7indir ki; g\u00f6\u00e7menler ve g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7iler konusunda hep defolu siyaset \u00fcretirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de pop\u00fcler olan tart\u0131\u015fmalardan biri de \u201cm\u00fcltecileri Suriye\u2019ye geri g\u00f6nderme<\/em>\u201d tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. Peki, bu konuda i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n tutumu ne olmal\u0131d\u0131r? Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce, 11 y\u0131ld\u0131r ayn\u0131 tezg\u00e2hta \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan yerli i\u015f\u00e7iler, s\u0131n\u0131f karde\u015fi olan m\u00fclteci i\u015f\u00e7ilerin haklar\u0131n\u0131 teredd\u00fcts\u00fcz savunmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin bu 11 y\u0131l zarf\u0131nda, sigortas\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan m\u00fclteci i\u015f\u00e7ilerin gasp edilmi\u015f sigorta primleri ne olacakt\u0131r? Emeklilik hakk\u0131 ne olacakt\u0131r? Hi\u00e7 edilmi\u015f k\u0131dem vb. tazminatlar ne olacakt\u0131r? \u0130\u015f cinayetlerinde hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden m\u00fclteci i\u015f\u00e7ilerin davalar\u0131yla ailelerine \u00f6denmemi\u015f olan tazminatlar ne olacakt\u0131r? \u0130\u015f kazalar\u0131nda uzuvlar\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden, sakat b\u0131rak\u0131lan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin hali ne olacakt\u0131r? \u00c7arklarda ac\u0131mas\u0131zca \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fclen bu 11 y\u0131l\u0131n geriye d\u00f6n\u00fck haklar\u0131 \u00f6denmeden geri g\u00f6nderme tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 nas\u0131l yap\u0131lacakt\u0131r? \u015eoven dalgan\u0131n arkas\u0131na gizlenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc de i\u015fte bu sorularda sakl\u0131d\u0131r. Elbette m\u00fcltecilerin g\u00fcvenli geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc i\u00e7in siyasi, sosyolojik, psikolojik konular\u0131 da i\u00e7eren \u00e7ok daha kapsaml\u0131 bir tart\u0131\u015fma gerekir. Biz burada k\u0131saca s\u0131n\u0131f karde\u015fli\u011fi, tezg\u00e2h karde\u015fli\u011fi ve i\u015f cinayetlerinde kan karde\u015fli\u011fi \u00fczerinden baz\u0131 sorular\u0131 sormakla yetinmi\u015f olal\u0131m. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Fabrika ve i\u015fyeri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda s\u0131kl\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan bir soru da \u015fudur: \u201cSuriyelilerden mi yoksa bizden mi yanas\u0131n?<\/em>\u201d S\u00f6z\u00fc edilen iki i\u015f\u00e7i kesiminden di\u011ferine kar\u015f\u0131 birini se\u00e7mek ya da birine taraf olmak asl\u0131nda burjuvazinin oyununa d\u00fc\u015fmek olur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sorun s\u0131n\u0131fsald\u0131r. Emek-sermayenin kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya geli\u015finde yerli ve g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 burjuvalara kar\u015f\u0131 ortakt\u0131r. Bu nedenle g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilerin vah\u015fi s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmak, asl\u0131nda yerli i\u015f\u00e7ilerin de \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 savunmak demektir. B\u00fct\u00fcn i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u00e7in insanca ya\u015fayacak \u00fccret, insanca \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatleri, g\u00fcvenceli sigortal\u0131 ve sendikal\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131\u2026 \u0130\u015fte g\u00f6\u00e7men-yerli ayr\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131racak \u00f6ncelikli talepler bunlard\u0131r. \u015eovenizmin k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131; i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n \u0131rk, din, dil ayr\u0131m\u0131 yapmadan kendi talepleri \u00fczerinden y\u00fcr\u00fctece\u011fi m\u00fccadeleye ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ortak M\u00fccadele ve \u00d6rg\u00fctlenme \u00d6rnekleri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Suriye g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcnde geride kalan 11 y\u0131l, m\u00fcltecilerin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc ve i\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131ndaki ayr\u0131mc\u0131 politikalardan ibaret de\u011fil. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u00f6nyarg\u0131 duvarlar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131ran ortak m\u00fccadele, birlikte i\u015f b\u0131rakma ve sendikala\u015fma \u00f6rnekleri de ya\u015fand\u0131. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6nc\u00fc i\u015f\u00e7ilerin, m\u00fccadeleci sendikac\u0131lar\u0131n ve s\u0131n\u0131f partisinin, bulunduklar\u0131 her alanda bu \u00f6rnekleri anlatmas\u0131\/\u00e7o\u011faltmas\u0131, gelece\u011fe umut olmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte o m\u00fccadele ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme \u00f6rneklerinden kesitler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2022 Ayakkab\u0131 ve deri \u00fcretiminin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi saya i\u015fkolunda 16 kentte fiili grevler ya\u015fand\u0131. Aral\u0131klarla s\u00fcren i\u015f b\u0131rakmalar 2 y\u0131l arayla ve toplam 2 ay kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Yerli i\u015f\u00e7ilerle Suriyeli i\u015f\u00e7iler ayn\u0131 komitelerde \u00f6rg\u00fctlendi. Bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve Arap\u00e7a dillerde yap\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n devrimci partisi grevlerin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 ve ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in iki dilde bildiriler da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131, bro\u015f\u00fcr ve afi\u015fler yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Adana\u2019da Grev Komitesinin S\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc \u00d6mer Tahak Evrensel\u2019e \u015f\u00f6yle konu\u015fuyordu: \u201c\u0130lk ba\u015flarda patronlar \u00fc\u00e7 kuru\u015fun hesab\u0131n\u0131 yaparak zam vermeye yana\u015fmad\u0131. Ama i\u015f\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda birlik oldu. Arastada \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Suriyeli i\u015f\u00e7ileri de eyleme davet ettik. Onlar eyleme kat\u0131lacaklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek komiteye bir ki\u015fi verdiler. Ayn\u0131 ekme\u011fi payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Suriyelilerin eylemin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalmas\u0131na izin veremezdik. Bu topyek\u00fbn birlikteli\u011fin ve kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n sonucu patronlar taleplerimizi kabul etti\u2026<\/em>\u201d Ayn\u0131 grevde yer alan Suriyeli Saya i\u015f\u00e7isi \u00d6mer \u015eeref ise \u015funlar\u0131 dile getiriyordu: \u201cDi\u011fer i\u015f\u00e7ilerin yan\u0131nda Suriyeli arkada\u015flar\u0131m da zam ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in mutlu. Fakat birlik oldu\u011fumuz ve d\u0131\u015flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in daha mutlular. Eylemde kimse farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6rmedi. Herkes sayac\u0131 oldu, i\u015f\u00e7i oldu, karde\u015f oldu ve kazand\u0131k!<\/em>\u201d[11]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2022 Bir di\u011fer olumlu \u00f6rnek Adana ve \u0130zmir\u2019de ya\u015fanan tar\u0131m i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin grevidir. \u00c7ukurova\u2019da tar\u0131m i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin grevi ak\u015fam saatleri olmadan kazan\u0131mla bitti. T\u00fcrk, K\u00fcrt ve Suriyeli i\u015f\u00e7ilerin yevmiyeleri artt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130zmir Torbal\u0131\u2019da ise, m\u00fclteci i\u015f\u00e7ilere kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131lan ve hatta sald\u0131r\u0131lara kar\u0131\u015fan yerli tar\u0131m i\u015f\u00e7ileri, ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kenara b\u0131rakarak, ortak grevde bulu\u015ftular. 8 saat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n getirildi\u011fi il\u00e7ede, yevmiyeler yeniden belirlendi.[12]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2022 Ocak 2022\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen fiili 120 i\u015f b\u0131rakma eylemine Antep\u2019ten Suriyeli tekstil i\u015f\u00e7ileri de kat\u0131ld\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca sendikada \u00f6rg\u00fctlenen kimi Suriyeli i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u015ften at\u0131larak direni\u015fe kat\u0131ld\u0131.[13]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2022 \u0130stanbul Beylikd\u00fcz\u00fc\u2019nde bulunan bir et fabrikas\u0131nda 5 y\u0131ld\u0131r \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Suriyeli Meryem, sendikal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme nedeniyle i\u015ften at\u0131ld\u0131. T\u00fcrkiyeli i\u015f\u00e7ilerle ortak hareket eden Meryem, sendikala\u015fma \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan i\u015fyerinde di\u011fer i\u015f\u00e7ilerin kendisine olan bak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. M\u00fccadele \u00f6ncesinde i\u015f\u00e7ilerin kendisini \u201ca\u011flatacak<\/em>\u201d kadar ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eden Meryem, ard\u0131ndan \u201cSadece kendim i\u00e7in de\u011fil, t\u00fcm i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele ettim. Yine yapar\u0131m<\/em>\u201d dedi. \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00fcye oldu\u011fu D\u0130SK\u2019e ba\u011fl\u0131 G\u0131da-\u0130\u015f Genel Sekreteri Olcay Ozak ise, \u201cPatronlar i\u015fbirli\u011fi yaparken birbirlerinin milletine de\u011fil \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131na bak\u0131yor. Bizler de i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 olarak her milletten i\u015f\u00e7iyle birlikte m\u00fccadele ederek daha ya\u015fan\u0131l\u0131r bir hayat\u0131 in\u015fa edebiliriz<\/em>\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.[14]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2022 \u0130zmir’de bulunan I\u015f\u0131kkent Ayakkab\u0131c\u0131lar Sitesi’nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan T\u00fcrkiyeli ve Suriyeli i\u015f\u00e7iler, site i\u00e7inde ortak eylem yapt\u0131. \u201cSayac\u0131lar d\u0131\u015far\u0131<\/em>\u201d ve \u201c\u0130\u015f\u00e7iler karde\u015f, patronlar kalle\u015f<\/em>\u201d sloganlar\u0131 atan i\u015f\u00e7iler, site meydan\u0131nda bir araya gelerek bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 yapt\u0131\u2026\u201d[15]<\/a> Oysa ayn\u0131 i\u015fyerinde 2 y\u0131l \u00f6nce yerli i\u015f\u00e7iler \u201cSuriyeli i\u015f\u00e7i istemiyoruz<\/em>\u201d diye y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131!<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ve i\u015f cinayetlerine kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131\u015fma eylemleri\u2026 \u0130zmir\u2019de yak\u0131larak \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen 3 Suriyeli i\u015f\u00e7i i\u00e7in Emek Partisi \u0130zmir \u0130l \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc i\u015f\u00e7ilerin mezar\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klama yapt\u0131. \u0130stanbul B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7ekmece ve G\u00fcng\u00f6ren\u2019de ya\u015fanan i\u015f cinayetlerine kar\u015f\u0131 D\u0130SK G\u0131da-\u0130\u015f ile emek ve demokrasi g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla eylemler yap\u0131ld\u0131. Sorumlular\u0131n cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 istendi. Tekstil i\u015f\u00e7isi Ali el Hemdan cinayeti de Adana Barosu, emek ve demokrasi g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin \u00e7abas\u0131yla \u00f6rtbas edilmekten kurtuldu, polis ceza ald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bir \u00f6rnek de Fransa\u2019dan vererek kesitleri tamamlayal\u0131m: Fransa\u2019da emeklilik yasas\u0131n\u0131 bahane eden Macron, g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ileri hedef g\u00f6sterdi. CGT sendikas\u0131 ise \u201cka\u011f\u0131ts\u0131z i\u015f\u00e7iler<\/em>\u201d olarak ifade edilen g\u00fcvencesiz g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ileri fiilen genel greve katt\u0131. Patronlar geri ad\u0131m atmak zorunda kald\u0131lar.[16]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n A\u00e7\u0131k ki, yerlisiyle g\u00f6\u00e7meniyle i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 kendi m\u00fccadelesinden \u00f6\u011frenerek ilerliyor. \u0130\u015f\u00e7iler sermayenin sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ortak haf\u0131za ve tecr\u00fcbe biriktiriyor. Son d\u00f6nemde Suriyeli i\u015f\u00e7ilerin WhatsApp gruplar\u0131 \u00fczerinden \u00f6rg\u00fctlenerek fabrikalarda \u00fccret pazarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 da biliniyor. Elbette bu giri\u015fimler modern ve ortak bir sendikal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeyle birle\u015fmezse i\u015f\u00e7i simsarlar\u0131n\u0131n, komisyoncular\u0131n a\u011f\u0131na da d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fme riski de ta\u015f\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan bug\u00fcn hala daha \u00e7ok alt i\u015flerde ve enformel sekt\u00f6rlerde ba\u015f g\u00f6steren ortak hak m\u00fccadelelerinin modern sanayi i\u015f\u00e7ileri i\u00e7inde de tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131n yerlisiyle g\u00f6\u00e7meniyle ortak bir \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme fikrine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi gerekiyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kapitalistler, yedek i\u015f\u00e7i ordusu olarak g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ileri b\u00fcy\u00fck fabrikalarda da g\u00fcvencesiz olarak istihdam etmek istiyor. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fi, \u015f\u00fcphe yok ki modern sanayide, ana i\u015fletmelerde, a\u011f\u0131r sanayide ve temel hizmet sekt\u00f6rlerindeki \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeye ba\u011fl\u0131. Ve i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn bu alanlarda g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesini de \u015fimdiden g\u00fcndeme alan bir strateji kurmak zorundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sosyalistlerin g\u00f6revi, sermayenin yeni g\u00f6\u00e7 stratejisini te\u015fhir ederek i\u015f\u00e7ileri ayd\u0131nlatmakt\u0131r. Burada yalpalamaya yer yoktur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sorun kapitalizme i\u00e7kin s\u0131n\u0131fsal bir sorundur ve bir o kadar da politiktir. S\u00f6z konusu olan kapitalist s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc d\u00fczenine kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele ise, g\u00f6\u00e7men proleterlerin de s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesine ve sosyalist m\u00fccadeleye d\u00e2hil edilmeleri gerekir. Ne g\u00f6\u00e7men ne de yerli i\u015f\u00e7iler sermaye partileri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda se\u00e7eneksizdir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n devrimci bir partisi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n devrimci partisi \u015fu ya da bu milletten i\u015f\u00e7ilerin partisi de\u011fil, ama ancak \u00fclkede ya\u015fayan b\u00fct\u00fcn millet ve milliyetlerden i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n partisi olabilir ve ancak b\u00f6yle bir parti i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fccadelesine y\u00f6n verip burjuvaziye ve gericili\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelesinde s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 y\u00f6netebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sonu\u00e7 Olarak<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Kapitalizm emek d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131, i\u015f\u00e7i d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 bir s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc d\u00fczenidir. Milyonlarca m\u00fclteci ve g\u00f6\u00e7menin s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc \u00e7arklar\u0131na \u00e7ekilerek ucuz, g\u00fcvencesiz i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 kapitalizmin bir di\u011fer y\u00fcz\u00fcd\u00fcr. G\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilerin yerli i\u015f\u00e7ilere d\u00fc\u015fman g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi, rekabete zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir bu. Yerinden yurdundan etmelerin, zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7lerin sona ermesi ve insanlar\u0131n m\u00fclteci durumuna d\u00fc\u015fmedi\u011fi bir d\u00fcnyaya kavu\u015fabilmek, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n tek tek \u00fclkelerde ve uluslararas\u0131 planda kapitalizmden kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadelesine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Sosyalizm, i\u015f\u00e7ileri ve g\u00f6\u00e7menleri kurtulu\u015fa g\u00f6t\u00fcrecek tek se\u00e7enektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n G\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7iler, T\u00fcrkiye i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n, toplamda ise uluslararas\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve emek\u00e7ilerin sermayeden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir m\u00fccadele rotas\u0131 olu\u015fturmas\u0131 zorunluluktur. Proletarya enternasyonalizmi b\u00fct\u00fcn i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u00e7in temel ilke olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in uluslararas\u0131 sermayeye yedeklenmi\u015f g\u00f6\u00e7 stratejilerinin reddedilmesi gerekir. S\u0131n\u0131f sendikac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, g\u00f6\u00e7 ve g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilere bak\u0131\u015fta fark\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymak durumundad\u0131r. G\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc transferinde kapitalizmin merkez \u00fcslerinden biri haline gelen T\u00fcrkiye, yerli ve g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ortak hak m\u00fccadelesi ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da \u00f6nemi artan bir \u00fclkedir. 11 y\u0131l b\u00f6yle gelmi\u015f ve b\u00f6yle gitmeyecekse e\u011fer; burada elbette s\u0131n\u0131f partisinin tak\u0131naca\u011f\u0131 tav\u0131r ve \u00f6rg\u00fctleyece\u011fi pratik ba\u015fat \u00f6nemdedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n [1]<\/a> IOM (2019) World Migration Report 2020<\/em>, https:\/\/publications.iom.int\/system\/files\/pdf\/wmr_2020.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n [2]<\/a> ILO (2021) ILO K\u00fcresel Yabanc\u0131 G\u00f6\u00e7men \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Tahminleri<\/em>, https:\/\/www.ilo.org\/wcmsp5\/groups\/public\/—europe\/—ro-geneva\/—ilo-ankara\/documents\/genericdocument\/wcms_811865.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n [3]<\/a> ITUC (t.y.) L20<\/em>, https:\/\/www.ituc-csi.org\/l20?lang=en<\/p>\n\n\n\n [4]<\/a> Akdeniz, E. (2020) \u201cAB\u2019nin m\u00fcltecilerle sava\u015f\u0131: 10 soruda \u2018yeni g\u00f6\u00e7 ve iltica plan\u0131\u2019\u201d, Evrensel<\/em>, https:\/\/www.evrensel.net\/yazi\/87237\/abnin-multecilerle-savasi-10-soruda-yeni-goc-ve-iltica-plani<\/p>\n\n\n\n [5]<\/a> M\u00fclteciler Derne\u011fi (2020) \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u0130zni Verilen Suriyeli Say\u0131s\u0131\u201d, https:\/\/multeciler.org.tr\/turkiyede-calisma-izni-verilen-suriyeli-sayisi\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n [6]<\/a> Cumhuriyet (2021) \u201cAKP’li \u00d6zhaseki’den ‘m\u00fclteci’ a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131: Sanayiyi onlar ayakta tutuyor; g\u00f6nderemezsiniz\u201d, https:\/\/www.cumhuriyet.com.tr\/haber\/akpli-ozhasekiden-multeci-aciklamasi-sanayiyi-onlar-ayakta-tutuyor-gonderemezsiniz-1855656<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n [7]<\/a> S\u00f6zc\u00fc (2022) \u201cS\u00fcleyman Soylu: Suriyeliler gidince \u00f6nce o i\u015f adamlar\u0131 isyan edecek\u201d, https:\/\/www.sozcu.com.tr\/2022\/gundem\/bakan-soylu-duyurdu-otoyollarda-hiz-limiti-artiyor-7117013\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n [8]<\/a> T\u0130SK (2015) \u201cT\u00fcrk \u0130\u015f D\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Suriyeliler Konusundaki G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f, Beklenti ve \u00d6nerileri\u201d, https:\/\/www.tisk.org.tr\/dokuman\/turk-is-dunyasinin-turkiyedeki-suriyeliler-konusundaki-gorus–beklenti-ve-onerileri-2015.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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