{"id":1048,"date":"2019-11-21T23:14:09","date_gmt":"2019-11-21T20:14:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/teoriveeylem.net\/?p=1048"},"modified":"2023-01-18T14:02:19","modified_gmt":"2023-01-18T11:02:19","slug":"acmazlariyla-burjuva-muhalefet%ef%bb%bf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/teoriveeylem.net\/tr\/2019\/11\/21\/acmazlariyla-burjuva-muhalefet%ef%bb%bf\/","title":{"rendered":"A\u00e7mazlar\u0131yla burjuva muhalefet\ufeff"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n

Kadir Yal\u00e7\u0131n<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Tekellerin egemenli\u011fi ve emperyalizm \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda, burjuva muhalefet ba\u015ftan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7maz demektir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Temel nedeni \u015fudur ki; birinci<\/em><\/strong> se\u00e7enekte, burjuva muhalefet ya tekelci burjuvazinin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 savunmaya dayal\u0131 bir muhalefettir ve bu durumda d\u00f6rt ba\u015f\u0131 mamur bir \u201cmajestelerinin muhalefeti<\/em>\u201ddir. G\u00f6rece de\u011fi\u015fik g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u00fc ba\u015fl\u0131ca iki \u00f6rne\u011finden biri, tahterevallinin iki yan\u0131nda \u2013kelimenin ger\u00e7ek anlam\u0131yla da\u2013 oturan ve biri di\u011ferinin ard\u0131ndan \u00fclkeyi y\u00f6netip yerini di\u011ferine b\u0131rakan iki partili sistemiyle Amerikan \u201cdemokrasisi<\/em>\u201dnin E\u015fek Partisiyle (Demokrat Parti) Fil Partisidir (Cumhuriyet\u00e7i Parti). Di\u011fer \u00f6rnekse II. Enternasyonal\u2019in en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc partisinin i\u015f\u00e7i aristokrasisi ve sendika b\u00fcrokrasisinin sosyal \u015foven ve sosyal emperyalist partisine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesinin ard\u0131ndan ikinci d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc II. Emperyalist Sava\u015f sonras\u0131nda ya\u015fayarak belirli bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva bir partiden tekellerin partisine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen ve rakibi H\u0131ristiyan Demokrat Partisiyle git-gelli bi\u00e7imde s\u0131ras\u0131 geldi\u011finde \u00fclkeyi y\u00f6neten Almanya\u2019n\u0131n Sosyal Demokrat Partisi\u2019dir. \u00d6rneklerdeki partilerden birer tanesi daha \u00e7ok ge\u00e7mi\u015ften kalma bir ihtiya\u00e7 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla az-\u00e7ok \u201csol<\/em>\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmdedir, ancak bu ihtiya\u00e7 da epey a\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve yeni pop\u00fclist \u00f6rneklerle a\u015f\u0131lma s\u00fcrecindedir. Ancak s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen kitleleri etkileme bak\u0131m\u0131ndan en az\u0131ndan ge\u00e7mi\u015fte gerekli say\u0131lm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcdeki fark bir yana b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, tahterevallinin iki yan\u0131ndaki iki partiyi birbirlerinden ay\u0131rt etmek zordur ve giderek iyice zorla\u015fmaktad\u0131r. \u201cSol<\/em>\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcml\u00fc olanlar\u0131n, zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015f olsa bile, sendika b\u00fcrokrasisi i\u00e7indeki geleneksel dayanaklar\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu alandaki etkileri hala hissedilmesine kar\u015f\u0131n, izledikleri politikalar hemen tamamen \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r ve programlar\u0131 zevahiri kurtarma kabilinden k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc farklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6tesinde, i\u00e7erik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan benze\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Daha \u00e7ok \u201csol<\/em>\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcml\u00fc olanlar\u0131n pay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen bu t\u00fcr \u201cmajestelerinin muhalefeti<\/em>\u201d g\u00f6revini \u00fcstlenmi\u015f partilerin a\u00e7mazlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr! Harcana harcana t\u00fckenmi\u015f ge\u00e7mi\u015fin getiri, vaat ve \u00f6yk\u00fcleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kitleleri etkilemek \u00fczere sat\u0131\u015fa \u00e7\u0131karacaklar\u0131 pek bir mallar\u0131 kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hemen tek sermayeleri olarak ellerinde kalan, yalan ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen kitlelerin \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kullanma yetenekleridir denebilir. Kurulu\u015fu ve geli\u015fmesi farkl\u0131 olan Amerikan Demokrat Partisi hen\u00fcz sermayeyi kediye y\u00fcklemi\u015f olmasa bile, tekellerin, muhafazakarlar\u0131n alt\u0131ndan kalkamayaca\u011f\u0131 ve bu nedenle cesaret edemedi\u011fi Hartz Yasalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcnden \u201cen pis i\u015flerini<\/em>\u201d \u00fcstlenerek s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclenlerin nefretini hak etmi\u015f olan Alman SPD, 1969\u2019daki oylar\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7o\u011funu yitirdi\u011fi bug\u00fcnk\u00fc durumuyla kriz i\u00e7ine yuvarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hemen sadece yalan ve d\u00fczenbazl\u0131\u011fa dayal\u0131 politik getirilerin ge\u00e7icili\u011fi \u201cmajestelerinin muhalefet<\/em>\u201d partilerinin ba\u015fl\u0131ca a\u00e7maz\u0131 ve iflasa gidi\u015flerinin temel nedenidir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Ya da ikinci<\/em><\/strong> se\u00e7enek olarak, burjuva muhalefet, orta s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n muhalefetidir ki bu durumda yine a\u00e7maz i\u00e7indedir. Tekellerin egemenli\u011fi ve emperyalizm \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda orta s\u0131n\u0131f burjuva muhalefetin ba\u015far\u0131 ihtimali s\u0131f\u0131r de\u011fildir, ancak ko\u015fullu oldu\u011fu kadar ge\u00e7icidir de.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Burjuva muhalefetin, \u00f6yleyse kapitalizmin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde kalacak bir muhalefetin ancak bu s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde kazanabilece\u011fi ba\u015far\u0131dan s\u00f6z edilebilir ki, bu, onun ko\u015fullulu\u011funun temel \u00e7er\u00e7evesini belirtir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Burjuva muhalefetin kapitalizmin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131yla ko\u015fullu olu\u015fu, en ileri durumda ancak yar\u0131m ba\u015far\u0131larla yetinece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir. Mutlak olmasa bile, kapitalizmin egemeni mali sermaye ve tekellerdir ve orta s\u0131n\u0131f muhalefeti yerli ya da yabanc\u0131 tekellerle, birinciler ikincilerin i\u015fbirlik\u00e7ileri olduklar\u0131ndan, genellikle ikisiyle birden hesapla\u015fmak zorundad\u0131r. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta burjuvazinin tekelci b\u00fcy\u00fck burjuvazinin \u00fcstesinden gelerek iktidar\u0131 elinden al\u0131p egemen olmas\u0131 zorluklar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fcklerindendir. \u00d6teden beri vah\u015fi do\u011fada \u201corman kanunu<\/em>\u201dnun ge\u00e7erli olu\u015fu t\u00fcr\u00fcnden olan altta kalan\u0131n ezilip hemen ya da s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde elendi\u011fi kapitalist<\/em><\/strong> rekabet <\/em><\/strong>ve onun amans\u0131z yasalar\u0131[1]<\/a>, tekellerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p egemenliklerini ilan etmeleriyle \u015fiddetlenmi\u015f ve \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck bal\u0131k k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bal\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em>\u201d eninde sonunda yutmu\u015ftur. \u201cK\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckler<\/em>\u201d, ka\u00e7amaz ve hatta f\u0131rsat\u0131n\u0131 buldu\u011funda \u0131s\u0131r\u0131p zarar veremez mi \u2013 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr; ka\u00e7ar da ve \u0131s\u0131r\u0131p zarar da verebilir. Orta s\u0131n\u0131f da, uygun durumlarda belirli f\u0131rsatlar bulabilir ve tekellere bir dizi zararlar verip, hatta iktidar\u0131 da alabilir. Bunlar m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr; ancak, sonunda kapitalizmin h\u00fckm\u00fc y\u00fcr\u00fcr. Uzun vadede, ekonomide oldu\u011fu kadar, onun yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ifadesinden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey olmayan politikada da kapitalist rekabet h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc icra eder. Orta s\u0131n\u0131f bir s\u00fcre tekellerin \u00fcstesinden gelerek ele ge\u00e7irebilece\u011fi politik g\u00fc\u00e7le kendisini dayatsa bile, bu bir s\u00fcreli\u011fine olabilir. \u00d6zetle; orta s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 ko\u015fullu olu\u015funun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ve onun t\u00fcrevi olarak ge\u00e7icidir de.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00d6rnek verilecek olursa; g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Venezuela\u2019s\u0131 bi\u00e7ilmi\u015f kaftand\u0131r. IMF re\u00e7eteleri do\u011frultusundaki uygulamalar\u0131n tahamm\u00fcl edilemez hale getirdi\u011fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131m zamm\u0131 eklendi\u011finde ayaklanan yoksul emek\u00e7ilerin binlercesinin askerlerce katledildi\u011fi 1989\u2019daki Caracazo \u0130syan\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine, 1992\u2019deki darbesi ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olan Chavez, 1998\u2019de se\u00e7imle gelip oturmu\u015ftur. Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir i\u015f\u00e7i ya da genel olarak emek hareketine ve bir i\u015f\u00e7i ya da emek \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne dayanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131zd\u0131r. \u00d6nce darbeci ard\u0131ndan parlamenter \u00f6rg\u00fctleri, sonradan bir dizi devrimciyi de etkileyerek aralar\u0131na katt\u0131\u011f\u0131 revizyonistinden reformcusuna ne kadar orta s\u0131n\u0131f solcusu ki\u015fi ve \u00f6rg\u00fct varsa bir araya toplayarak kurdu\u011fu PSUV arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u201c21. yy sosyalizmi<\/em>\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 takt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kapitalizmin orta s\u0131n\u0131f ele\u015ftirisiyle emek kitlelerini de etkileyerek pe\u015finden s\u00fcr\u00fcklemeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f ve iktidar olmu\u015ftur. Ba\u015fta petrol sanayi olmak \u00fczere, radikal kamula\u015ft\u0131rmalarla ulusalla\u015ft\u0131rmalara y\u00f6nelmi\u015f, ancak yerli ve yabanc\u0131 tekeller darbeler almalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen devletin burjuva niteli\u011fi de\u011fi\u015fmeden kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc ko\u015fullar\u0131yla burjuvazinin egemenli\u011fi s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in, geli\u015fen, devlet kapitalizmi olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Orta s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n alt kesimlerinin, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuvazinin zorlamas\u0131 ve emek kitlelerinin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dan bask\u0131s\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak hatta belirli y\u00f6nlerden ve belirli bir s\u00fcre kapitalizmin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bile s\u00f6z edilebilir. Her devrimde b\u00f6yle olmu\u015f; devrimin dayanaklar\u0131 aras\u0131ndan bu t\u00fcr zorlamalara y\u00f6nelen kesimler \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, lakin sonunda ya devrim \u201ckendi evlatlar\u0131n\u0131 yemi\u015f<\/em>\u201d ya iktidar\u0131n nimetlerinin tad\u0131na var\u0131lmas\u0131yla bu kesimler de belirli uzla\u015fmalara kat\u0131k olmu\u015f ya da kendileri de bozu\u015fmu\u015f veya t\u00fcm\u00fc bir arada ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Venezuela\u2019da olan budur. Devrim ileri a\u015famalar\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle Chavez\u2019in yerini Maduro\u2019nun almas\u0131yla h\u0131z kazanarak kar\u015f\u0131 devrime d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Orta s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n \u00fcst ve orta kesimleri, Rus ve \u00c7in emperyalizmiyle de ili\u015fkilerini geli\u015ftirerek,\u00a0 tekelle\u015fmeye y\u00f6nelirken, emek\u00e7ilerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra devrimi radikalle\u015ftirenlerden k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuvazinin \u00f6nde gelenleri, \u00f6zellikle saflar\u0131n\u0131 doldurduklar\u0131 \u201cganimet<\/em>\u201d olarak ele ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f devlet b\u00fcrokrasisinde yozla\u015farak, zenginle\u015fip burjuvala\u015fmay\u0131 fazlas\u0131yla sevmi\u015ftir. As\u0131l olarak yedeklenen, ama tabandan bask\u0131s\u0131yla iktidarda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir s\u00f6z sahibi de olan yoksul emek kitlelerinin pay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen ise sa\u011fl\u0131k, e\u011fitim, bar\u0131nma ve ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n yan\u0131nda yiyecek maddelerinin devlet taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcbvanse edilerek hala paras\u0131z sa\u011flanmaya devam edilmesi olmu\u015ftur. Ve bunun, \u201cminnet borcu<\/em>\u201d de\u011fil ama burjuvazinin iktidar\u0131n\u0131n kefareti oldu\u011fu ortadad\u0131r; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc, eski egemenlerin \u00f6tesinde bunca Amerikan bask\u0131s\u0131 ko\u015fullar\u0131nda paras\u0131z sa\u011flanmalar\u0131n\u0131n sona erdirilmesi \u2013hemen ayaklanmalar\u0131 olmasa bile\u2013 emek kitlelerinin desteklerini \u00e7ekmeleri ve dayanaks\u0131z kalan iktidar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6kmesi demektir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00d6te yandan, emperyalizm d\u00f6neminde orta s\u0131n\u0131f burjuva muhalefet ve ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ko\u015fullu ve ge\u00e7ici olu\u015funun \u2013Venezuela \u00f6rne\u011finin de g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi\u2013 dayanaklar\u0131 ve hareketin geli\u015fme s\u00fcreci i\u00e7inde ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi\/ge\u00e7irece\u011fi farkl\u0131la\u015fmalar t\u00fcr\u00fc ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar, bu hareketlerin niteli\u011fini ve desteklenebilir olup olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirtmek a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Kapitalizmin orta s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00fclkeler ve ulusal hareketler s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda homojen bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olu\u015fturmad\u0131klar\u0131 ve farkl\u0131 tutumlarla burjuva muhalefet hareketlerine temel te\u015fkil ettikleri belirtilmelidir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Orta s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n \u00fcst kesimlerinin, ba\u015fl\u0131ca emperyalizm ve tekellerin belirli bask\u0131lar\u0131yla y\u00fcz y\u00fcze olan orta burjuvazinin (ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuvazinin yukar\u0131 tabakalar\u0131n\u0131n) ulusal muhalefet ve hareketlere e\u011filim duymas\u0131 tamamen ola\u011fand\u0131r. Ama orta s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n bu tabakas\u0131, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fccretli emek s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fc yapmakta olan, kendisi \u00fcretimden kopmu\u015f bir kapitalist tabaka olmakla kalmaz; yerli ve yabanc\u0131 tekellerle kredi ve bor\u00e7 alma, onlardan makine, hammadde ve ara \u00fcr\u00fcn al\u0131p onlara \u00fcr\u00fcn sa\u011flama vb. ili\u015fkilere sahiptir. S\u0131n\u0131f atlama \u00f6zlemleri ve bunun \u00f6zellikle orta burjuvazinin \u00fcst kesimleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan belki zor ama olanakl\u0131 olu\u015fu da hesaba kat\u0131larak, buradan, hem i\u015f\u00e7ilerle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya olu\u015fu ve hem de tekellerle ili\u015fkilerinden yerli ve \u2013\u00e7e\u015fitli emperyalist mihraklar\u0131n birbirleriyle rekabet halinde olmas\u0131n\u0131n da kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda\u2013 \u00f6zellikle yabanc\u0131 tekellerle birle\u015fme e\u011filimi t\u00fcrer. Kapitalizm ve orta s\u0131n\u0131f geli\u015ftik\u00e7e ve hele uygun politik ko\u015fullar bulduk\u00e7a bu birle\u015fme e\u011filiminin geli\u015fmesi tamamen ola\u011fand\u0131r. Emperyalistlerin ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00fclkelerdeki dayanaklar\u0131n\u0131 yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme ve muhalefeti b\u00f6lerek devrimci e\u011filimi bast\u0131rma amac\u0131yla i\u015fbirlik\u00e7ilerinin de katk\u0131s\u0131yla \u00fclke halk\u0131 i\u00e7inde uzla\u015fmac\u0131 reformcu yakla\u015f\u0131m ve tutumlar\u0131 te\u015fvik etmesi ise bu e\u011filimi besler. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuvazinin az-\u00e7ok hali vakti yerinde ve \u00fcst tabakalara kat\u0131lma \u00f6zlemindeki yukar\u0131 kesimlerinin de, orta burjuvaziyle birlikte bu e\u011filimi g\u00f6sterip k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva reformizmine dayanakl\u0131k etmeleri az rastlan\u0131r bir durum de\u011fildir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Buradan, kapitalizmin orta s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n burjuva muhalefet hareketlerinin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131zca genel olarak ko\u015fullu ve ge\u00e7ici olu\u015fu de\u011fil, \u00f6zel olarak onun \u00fcst katmanlar\u0131n\u0131n muhalefetinin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 kadar, bizzat muhalif tutum ve hareketlerinin de ko\u015fullu ve ge\u00e7ici oldu\u011fu sonucuna var\u0131r\u0131z.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Bu genel \u00e7er\u00e7eve, \u00f6zellikle tekellerle birle\u015fme e\u011filimi bask\u0131n ve kuvveden fiile ge\u00e7mekte olan orta burjuvazinin \u00fcst kesimlerinin muhalifli\u011fini, tekelci partilerin \u201cmajestelerinin muhalefeti<\/em>\u201dnden zorlukla ay\u0131rt edilir ve b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00f6kten de\u011fi\u015fimler ge\u00e7irmeden ona d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir olmas\u0131na ve burjuvazinin bu iki muhalefet hareketinin birle\u015fme e\u011filimi g\u00f6stermesine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. \u00d6te yandan orta burjuva ve \u00f6zellikle onun \u00fcst kesimlerinin muhalefeti, kitlelerde belirli bir kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulup onlar\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fckleme yetene\u011fi g\u00f6sterse bile, ge\u00e7icili\u011fi bir yana, daha ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda hayali ve kat\u0131 kapitalist ger\u00e7eklere \u00e7arp\u0131p tuzla buz olmaya ko\u015fullu program\u0131yla kitleleri pe\u015fine takmak \u00fczere ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talep ve sloganlar\u0131, s\u00fcre\u00e7 ilerleyip ger\u00e7eklerle y\u00fczle\u015fme ba\u015f g\u00f6sterdik\u00e7e tam bir aldatmaca ve d\u00fcped\u00fcz yalan olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeye ba\u015flar. Bu durumda s\u00f6z konusu burjuva muhalefet s\u00f6nme e\u011filimine girer; h\u00fck\u00fcmet olmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015fsa, ya deste\u011fi eriyerek y\u00f6netimden uzakla\u015fmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131namaz ya da ba\u015farabilirse yerli ve yabanc\u0131 tekellerin (genellikle \u00fclkenin eski efendilerin rakiplerinin) s\u00f6zc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcstlenmeye e\u011filim g\u00f6sterir. Ancak eninde sonunda a\u00e7mazlar\u0131, aldat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r ve kitlelerin deste\u011fini kaybederek kendinden daha gerici ak\u0131mlar\u0131n (\u00f6rne\u011fin fa\u015fizmin) yolunu a\u00e7arak y\u00fckseli\u015fine hizmet eder veya kendisi daha da gericile\u015fir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Ancak \u00f6zellikle ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00fclkeler ve ulusal hareketler konu oldu\u011funda, kapitalizmin orta s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n alt kesimleri farkl\u0131 ve devrimci bir e\u011filime de dayanakl\u0131k edebilir ve ederler. Yerli ve yabanc\u0131 tekellerin talan ve bask\u0131s\u0131ndan bunalan ve ge\u00e7im s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7inde olan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuvazi (\u00f6zellikle a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kesimleri), kapitalizmin geli\u015fmemi\u015fli\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak k\u00f6yden kente ak\u0131p gecekondular\u0131 doldurmu\u015f ancak hen\u00fcz i\u015f\u00e7ile\u015fmemi\u015f \u2013k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck m\u00fclk sahibi\u2013 ara tabakalar (k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck esnaf, k\u0131rlar\u0131n orta k\u00f6yl\u00fcleri vb.) bu e\u011filimin sosyal dayana\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7 bask\u0131yla birle\u015fen emperyalist bask\u0131 ve tamamen m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirip sefalete itici talan kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, demokratik (toprak ve i\u015f, kamu hizmetlerinden kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z yararlanma ve bar\u0131nma, yeterli beslenme vb.) talepleriyle birle\u015fen ulusal taleplerle devrimci bir muhalefet geli\u015ftirmeleri tamamen anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r \u015feydir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

S\u00f6z konusu tabakalar\u0131n en alt kesimlerinden hatta kapitalizmin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 zorlay\u0131p a\u015fma giri\u015fimlerinin kaynaklanmas\u0131 hi\u00e7 de \u00f6zel bir durum olu\u015fturmaz ve Venezuela\u2019da \u00fcstelik daha \u00fcst tabakalar\u0131n s\u00fcr\u00fckledi\u011fi hareket i\u00e7inde de g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere, patlak veren demokratik i\u00e7erikli ulusal muhalefet hareketleri ve devrimlerde genellikle rastlanan \u015feydir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Ancak sorun da burada \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu muhalefet hareketleri ya burjuva muhalefet hareketleri olarak kalacak ve sonunda mali sermayeyle yerli ve yabanc\u0131 kapitalizmin a\u015fmakta zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131 binlerce kanaldan ak\u0131p gelen yozla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ve kendisine ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 etkisi alt\u0131nda kalarak d\u00fczen i\u00e7inde eriyip gidecek ya da proletarya hareketiyle birle\u015ferek ilerleyecektir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Konu; III. Enternasyonal\u2019in sunaca\u011f\u0131 destek bak\u0131m\u0131ndan II. Kongresi (Haziran 1920) i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanan \u201cUlusal Sorun ve S\u00f6m\u00fcrgeler Sorunu \u00dczerine Tezler<\/em>\u201d ba\u011flam\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131p karara ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Aradan ge\u00e7en y\u00fcz y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcrede kapitalizmin geli\u015fmesinin ciddi bir ilerleme kaydetti\u011fi ve \u00f6rne\u011fin kararda s\u00f6z konusu edilen \u201ck\u00f6yl\u00fcl\u00fck<\/em>\u201d\u00fcn bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede az\u0131nl\u0131k (kimilerinde olduk\u00e7a k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir az\u0131nl\u0131k) durumuna geriledi\u011fi ama kent yoksullar\u0131n\u0131n n\u00fcfusunun b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc dikkate al\u0131narak incelenmesi gereken Lenin\u2019in konuyla ilgili sunu\u015f konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u201cIII. Enternasyonalin ve kom\u00fcnist partilerin geri kalm\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerdeki burjuva demokratik hareketi desteklediklerini ilan etmelerinin, ilkelerde ve teoride do\u011fru olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aram\u0131zda tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131k; bu tart\u0131\u015fma so<\/em>nunda \u2018burjuva demokratik\u2019 hareket<\/strong> teriminin yerine<\/strong> \u2018devrimci-ulusal hareket\u2019<\/strong> terimini kullanmay\u0131 oybirli\u011fiyle kararla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131k.<\/em> Ku\u015fkusuz, her ulusal hareket, ancak burjuva demokratik<\/strong><\/em> bir hareket olabilir<\/em><\/strong>, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc geri kalm\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerin<\/em> n\u00fcfusunun b\u00fcy\u00fck kitlesi, burjuva ve kapitalist ili\u015fkileri temsil<\/em> eden k\u00f6yl\u00fclerden meydana gelmektedir. Bu \u00fclkelerde, genel<\/em> olarak kurulduklar\u0131n\u0131 kabul etsek bile, proleter partilerinin<\/em> k\u00f6yl\u00fc hareketiyle belirli ili\u015fkiler kurmadan, k\u00f6yl\u00fc hareketini<\/em> eylemde desteklemeden, bu geri \u00fclkelerde sosyalist<\/em> bir taktik ve siyaset izleyebileceklerine inanmak, hayale kap\u0131lmak<\/em> olur. Ama \u015f\u00f6yle itirazlar olmu\u015ftur: e\u011fer biz, burjuva<\/strong><\/em> demokratik hareketten s\u00f6z edersek, reformist hareketle devrimci<\/em><\/strong> hareket aras\u0131ndaki ayr\u0131m silinmi\u015f olacak<\/em><\/strong>t\u0131r. Oysa, son<\/em> zamanlarda, bu ayr\u0131m, geri kalm\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerde ve s\u00f6m\u00fcrgelerde<\/em> b\u00fct\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla belirli bir hal alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc emperyalist<\/em> burjuvazi b\u00fct\u00fcn ara\u00e7lara ba\u015fvurarak, reformcu hareketi,<\/em> ezilen halklar aras\u0131na da ekmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. S\u00f6m\u00fcren<\/em> \u00fclkelerin burjuvazisiyle s\u00f6m\u00fcrgelerin burjuvazisi aras\u0131nda<\/em> bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yak\u0131nla\u015fma olmu\u015ftur<\/strong>, \u00f6yle ki, s\u0131k s\u0131k ve belki de \u00e7o\u011fu durumda, ezilen \u00fclkelerin burjuvazisi bir yandan ulusal hareketleri desteklerken, ayn\u0131 zamanda, emperyalist burjuvaziyle anla\u015fma halindedir<\/strong>, yani emperyalist burjuvaziyle birlikte devrimci hareketlere kar\u015f\u0131 ve devrimci s\u0131n\u0131flara kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131m vermektedir. Bu, komisyonda yads\u0131namaz bir bi\u00e7imde tan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; ve bu y\u00fczden, bu ayr\u0131m\u0131n g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutulmas\u0131n\u0131n ve hemen her yerde \u2018burjuva demokratik\u2019<\/strong> terimi yerine \u2018devrimci-ulusal\u2019<\/strong> teriminin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 tek do\u011fru davran\u0131\u015f sayd\u0131k. Bu terim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin anlam\u0131 \u015fudur ki, biz, s\u00f6m\u00fcrge \u00fclkelerin burjuva kurtulu\u015f hareketlerini, ancak<\/strong> bu hareketler ger\u00e7ekten devrimci olduklar\u0131 takdirde<\/strong>, bu hareketlerin temsilcilerinin o \u00fclkelerdeki k\u00f6yl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen geni\u015f kitleleri, devrimci bir ruhla \u00f6rg\u00fctlendirmemize engel olmad\u0131klar\u0131 takdirde desteklemeliyiz<\/strong> ve destekleyece\u011fiz. E\u011fer bu ko\u015fullar yerine getirilmezse, bu \u00fclkelerde reformcu burjuvaziye kar\u015f\u0131 (ki bunlara II. Enternasyonal kahramanlar\u0131 da dahildir) sava\u015f\u0131m veririz.<\/em>\u201d[2]<\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u201cMajestelerinin muhalefeti<\/em>\u201d t\u00fcr\u00fcnden tekellerin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n savunulmas\u0131na dayal\u0131 bir burjuva muhalefetle orta s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n tekellerle birle\u015fmeye e\u011filimli muhalefeti \u015f\u00fcphe yok ki birbirlerinden farkl\u0131 niteliktedir ve ikisi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda al\u0131nacak tutumla izlenecek taktiklerin farkl\u0131 olmas\u0131ndan do\u011fal\u0131 yoktur. Ancak kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 benzerlikleri \u015furadad\u0131r ki, farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131na ra\u011fmen ikisi de gerici niteliklidir ve \u2013\u00f6zel ko\u015fullar\u0131n gerekli k\u0131lmas\u0131 bir yana b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda\u2013 s\u0131n\u0131f bilin\u00e7li i\u015f\u00e7i ikisini de destekleme durumunda de\u011fildir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00d6te yandan; hi\u00e7bir burjuva muhalefet hareketi, \u2013\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda \u00f6zellikle ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00fclkeler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yabanc\u0131 tekeller ve emperyalizm de sorunla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak i\u015fe kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan en az\u0131ndan\u2013 ulusal y\u00f6n\u00fc de olan bir hareket olarak burjuva demokratik hareket, \u00f6zellikle ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f ve geli\u015fim s\u00fcreci dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, s\u0131n\u0131f niteli\u011fi, talepleri ve y\u00f6nelimiyle yekpare bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olu\u015fturmaz. Par\u00e7al\u0131d\u0131r; i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015f bir dizi y\u00f6nelime sahip farkl\u0131 tabakalar\u0131n hareketlerinden bile\u015fir. Bu durum, genellikle biti\u015fik ikizleri olan sa\u011f ve \u201csol<\/em>\u201d kanatlar\u0131yla burjuva muhalefetin birbirleriyle m\u00fccadele ve uzla\u015fma halindeki fraksiyon ya da hizipler toplam\u0131 olu\u015funu da a\u00e7\u0131klar. Bu, \u015f\u00fcphe yok ki, burjuva demokratik hareketlerin, \u201ckaos aral\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em>\u201dn\u0131 yakalama pe\u015finde olanlar\u0131 hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak \u00fczere, i\u00e7inden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmaz kaotik bir durum ya da yap\u0131ya sahip oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelmez. Herhangi bir burjuva muhalefet hareketi, eninde sonunda, belirli bir s\u0131n\u0131f \u201cdamgas\u0131<\/em>\u201d ta\u015f\u0131r ve bir dizi e\u011filimden bile\u015fmesine kar\u015f\u0131n di\u011ferleri ikincil ya da daha alt dereceden etkiye sahipken ba\u015fat bir e\u011filim de g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin Alman Sosyal Demokrat Partisi\u2019nin s\u0131n\u0131f hareketi i\u00e7inden geldi\u011fi ve bir i\u015f\u00e7i partisi olarak kurulup kitleselle\u015fti\u011fi, ancak II. Enternasyonal \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015fe giderken i\u015f\u00e7i aristokrasisi ve sendika b\u00fcrokrasisine dayal\u0131 pir parti olarak yozla\u015farak sa\u011f ve \u201csol<\/em>\u201d kanatlar\u0131yla bir k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva reformist partiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan giderek yozla\u015fmas\u0131 ilerlemekle birlikte bir s\u00fcre daha bir s\u0131n\u0131f i\u015fbirli\u011fi partisi olarak ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcp neoliberal y\u00f6nelimin bu i\u015fbirli\u011fi olanaklar\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7ersizle\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flamas\u0131 ve burjuvazinin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131yla \u2013hala i\u00e7inde partinin eski g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini savunanlar ve kanatlar olmakla birlikte\u2013 bu kez tekellerin bir partisi haline gelmek \u00fczere ikinci bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmden daha ge\u00e7ti\u011fi bilinmektedir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Ya da SPUV \u00f6rne\u011fi: Bu parti de farkl\u0131la\u015farak ilerlemektedir ve tekelle\u015fmekte olan Boli-burjuvaziyle b\u00fcrokraside yozla\u015farak s\u0131n\u0131f atlamakta olan belirli k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva kesimler ve kom\u00fcnler halinde \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmi\u015f emek unsurlar\u0131ndan bile\u015fmektedir. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta devrimci burjuva hareketin ba\u015f\u0131ndaki Chavez ve emek\u00e7ilerin temsil ettikleri devrimci niteli\u011fini yitirdi\u011fi ve i\u00e7inde hala yoksul a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 tabakalar\u0131n devrimci e\u011filimlerini bar\u0131nd\u0131rmakla birlikte bir reform partisine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve \u00fclkede ve partide egemen olan burjuvazinin yol ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tekelle\u015fme ve i\u015fbirlik\u00e7ile\u015fme s\u00fcrecinin yans\u0131mas\u0131 olarak gericile\u015fme s\u00fcrecini ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenmelidir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DE BURJUVA MUHALEFET<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de CHP ve i\u00e7inde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 burjuva muhalefet ne durumdad\u0131r?<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

CHP\u2019nin durumu a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015ftu\u011funda, herhalde ittifak halinde oldu\u011fu tek adam y\u00f6netimine kar\u015f\u0131 pozisyon almakla birlikte gericili\u011fi belirgin, \u00f6rne\u011fin \u0130Y\u0130 Partinin muhalifli\u011fini tart\u0131\u015fmakla u\u011fra\u015fmak gerekmeyecektir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

a) CHP ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmleri<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

CHP, \u00e7o\u011fu ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan sosyal demokrat bir parti olarak an\u0131l\u0131r. Do\u011fru mudur? De\u011fildir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

CHP; kesindir ki, ne i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin i\u00e7inden ve onu b\u00f6lerek, i\u015f\u00e7i aristokrasisi ve sendika b\u00fcrokrasinden olu\u015fan, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n burjuvazi taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131n al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva tabakas\u0131na dayanarak ne de i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 burjuvaziyle uzla\u015ft\u0131rmak \u00fczere s\u0131n\u0131f i\u015fbirli\u011fini savunan bir sosyal demokrat parti olarak kurulmu\u015ftur. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131yla uzaktan bile ilgisi yoktur ve olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

CHP, Ulusal Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 y\u00f6netip y\u00f6nlendiren siyasal \u00f6rg\u00fct olan Kuvayi Milliye\u2019nin sava\u015f\u0131n ard\u0131ndan partiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ulusal bir \u00f6rg\u00fctt\u00fcr. Sava\u015fa \u00f6nderlik eden tefeci t\u00fcccar burjuvazinin toprak a\u011falar\u0131yla ittifak\u0131na dayanan ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de cumhuriyeti kurarak onu kapitalist bir \u00fclke olarak geli\u015ftirmeyi program edinip uygulayan bir partidir. Emperyalizm ve yerli dayanaklar\u0131yla \u00e7at\u0131\u015farak iktidar olmu\u015f, ancak Kemalizm\u2019in bilinen ser\u00fcveninin \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olarak, belirli bir ulusal ekonomik kalk\u0131nma ve ilerleme s\u00fcrecinin i\u00e7inde geli\u015fen emperyalizmle birle\u015fme e\u011filiminin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ve uygulay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olmakla gericile\u015ferek, tekelle\u015fip i\u015fbirlik\u00e7ile\u015fen burjuvazinin \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

CHP\u2019nin s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen bu \u00f6rg\u00fctsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc, ku\u015fkusuz eski s\u00fcre\u00e7 b\u0131\u00e7akla kesilir gibi, birka\u00e7 g\u00fcnde de\u011fil, belirli bir s\u00fcre\u00e7te ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f ve CHP uzun s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde ulusal e\u011filimler de ta\u015f\u0131may\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u0130\u00e7 iktisadi ve siyasal geli\u015fmeler kadar uluslararas\u0131 geli\u015fmelerin de bu s\u00fcreci etkiledi\u011fi tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin i\u00e7eride K\u00fcrt isyanlar\u0131 pazar\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015fmaya hi\u00e7 niyeti olmayan milli burjuvazinin \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olan CHP\u2019yi gericile\u015ftirici bir dinamik olarak rol oynam\u0131\u015fken, bu isyanlar\u0131n bast\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve geli\u015fip hareketlenmeye y\u00f6nelen i\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k silahl\u0131 zora ve k\u0131y\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011fa, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla fa\u015fizme y\u00f6neltici olmu\u015ftur. D\u00f6nemin Avrupas\u0131nda fa\u015fizmin geli\u015fmesi ve iki \u00fclkede fa\u015fist diktat\u00f6rl\u00fck kurulmas\u0131, CHP\u2019nin bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kolayla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f; ancak II. B\u00fcy\u00fck Sava\u015f\u2019\u0131n patlak vermesi, bir yandan s\u00fcrecin geli\u015fmesine g\u00f6re \u0130ngiliz-Frans\u0131z ve Alman yanl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131p h\u00fck\u00fcmet kurmalar\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcrken, bir yandan da ulusal tutumlarca da g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilen tarafs\u0131zl\u0131k e\u011filimi beslemi\u015ftir. Sava\u015f sonras\u0131, CHP de \u201ch\u00fcr d\u00fcnya<\/em>\u201d ve \u201cdemokratizm<\/em>\u201d r\u00fczgar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Amerikan emperyalizmin kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 hegemonik pozisyondan etkilenmi\u015f; \u00e7ok say\u0131da ikili anla\u015fma imzalarken kap\u0131lar\u0131 bu \u00fclkeye a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f, t\u00fcm bunlara ra\u011fmen ABD\u2019nin tevecc\u00fch\u00fcn\u00fcn as\u0131l \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olmay\u0131 ba\u015faramayarak, yardak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k \u015fampiyonlu\u011fuyla iktidar\u0131 partiden ayr\u0131lanlar\u0131n kurdu\u011fu DP\u2019ye kapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

DP fa\u015fizminin neden oldu\u011fu tepkiler, bir askeri darbenin, yeniden ulusalc\u0131 damar\u0131n\u0131 depre\u015ftirdi\u011fi CHP\u2019nin oda\u011f\u0131nda \u015fekillenmesine ve DP\u2019nin devrilmesine g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f; parti, hen\u00fcz tekelle\u015fmenin ileri boyutlar kazanmam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ko\u015fullarda \u2013Talat Aydemir\u2019in iki darbe giri\u015fimi ihmal edilirse\u2013 tekellerle ulusal burjuvazi aras\u0131nda ciddi bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma patlak vermeden, bu iki e\u011filimi, en ba\u015fta, birliklerini tarihi ki\u015fili\u011finde temsil eden \u0130. \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn \u015fahs\u0131nda ve \u201cdengeci y\u00f6netimi<\/em>\u201d arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bir arada tutabilmi\u015ftir. Yine de, DP kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle ordu i\u00e7inde ulusal e\u011filim ciddi bir g\u00fc\u00e7 kazanm\u0131\u015f olsa bile, \u00f6nde olan e\u011filimin 27 May\u0131s bildirisindeki \u201cNATO\u2019ya, CENTO\u2019ya ba\u011fl\u0131y\u0131z<\/em>\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda dile gelen i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i tekelci e\u011filim oldu\u011fu belirtilmelidir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00d6te yandan CHP\u2019de hizipler olarak \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc kanatlar hi\u00e7 eksik olmad\u0131, bunlar aras\u0131ndaki parti i\u00e7i iktidar m\u00fccadelesinin arac\u0131 olarak ola\u011fanlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda s\u0131k s\u0131k ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc \u201cKurultaylar<\/em>\u201d topland\u0131 ve CHP, muar\u0131zlar\u0131nca \u201ckurultaylar partisi<\/em>\u201d niteli\u011fiyle tan\u0131mland\u0131.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Uzak ge\u00e7mi\u015fe gitmeyip B. Ecevit ile birlikte al\u0131n\u0131rsa, 1957\u2019de vekil, 27 May\u0131s\u2019tan sonraki ilk koalisyon h\u00fck\u00fcmetinde de bakan yap\u0131larak \u0130. \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan kollanm\u0131\u015f ve parti i\u00e7inde onun deste\u011fiyle y\u00fckselip ilerlemi\u015ftir. \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc; d\u00fcnyada \u201csol<\/em>\u201d r\u00fczgarlar\u0131n esmekte, g\u00f6rece demokratik bir ortama sahip olan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de T\u0130P\u2019in kurulu\u015funun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Amerikan kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla i\u015f\u00e7i ve gen\u00e7lik hareketinin y\u00fckselmekte oldu\u011fu ko\u015fullarda, geli\u015fmelere paralel olarak CHP\u2019yi \u201cyenile\u015ftirmeye<\/em>\u201d y\u00f6nelmi\u015f; 1965 Se\u00e7imleri \u00f6ncesinde, CHP, i\u00e7inde en az \u00fc\u00e7 grup bulunmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, \u201cortan\u0131n solunda<\/em>\u201d bir parti oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015f, bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 politika haline de getirip sloganla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201cOrtan\u0131n solu<\/em>\u201dnu parti politikas\u0131 olarak ilan eden \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc, 1966 Kurultay\u2019\u0131nda eski Genel Sekreteri K. G\u00fclek ve ard\u0131ndan 1967 Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc Kurultay\u0131\u2019ndaysa T. Feyzio\u011flu\u2019nun kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bu politikan\u0131n as\u0131l savunucusu Ecevit ve grubuna destek vermi\u015f; Ecevit 1966\u2019da Genel Sekreter olurken, G\u00fclek\u2019in ard\u0131ndan, bir sonraki kurultay\u0131 kaybeden T. Feyzio\u011flu tasfiye olarak yeni parti kurmu\u015ftur. 1968 ve 70 Kurultaylar\u0131, bu kez tasfiye olanlar\u0131n devam\u0131 K. Sat\u0131r grubuyla \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya sahne olmu\u015f, 69 Se\u00e7imlerine \u201cToprak i\u015fleyenin su kullanan\u0131n<\/em>\u201d slogan\u0131yla gidilmi\u015f ve 70 Kurultay\u0131\u2019nda Ecevit \u201ctoprak i\u015fgallerini devrimci eylem<\/em>\u201d olarak nitelerken, Sat\u0131r, bu konu\u015fmay\u0131 yasa-d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ilan etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn \u00f6nce kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p bir g\u00fcn sonra tutum de\u011fi\u015ftirerek destek a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 ve ordunun kurdu\u011fu h\u00fck\u00fcmete ba\u015fbakan (Nihat Erim) ve bakan vermesiyle, bu kez, 12 Mart 1971 askeri darbesi, darbeye kar\u015f\u0131 tutum alan Ecevit\u2019i \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya getirmi\u015ftir. Ecevit genel sekreterlikten, parti y\u00f6netim kurulu da y\u00f6netimden istifa etmi\u015f, ard\u0131ndan iki koltu\u011fu yeniden Ecevit\u00e7iler kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sat\u0131r\u2019\u0131n imza toplamas\u0131yla idamlardan bir g\u00fcn \u00f6nce toplanan yeni Kurultay \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019ye ra\u011fmen Ecevit\u00e7i y\u00f6netime g\u00fcven belirtince, \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ba\u015fkanl\u0131ktan istifa etmi\u015f ve ilk kurultayda ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011fa Ecevit gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Bu \u00f6zetin nedeni, CHP\u2019deki e\u011filim bollu\u011funu g\u00f6stermenin yan\u0131nda CHP\u2019nin \u201csol<\/em>\u201da y\u00f6nelimini belirtmektir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Ecevit ve \u201cortan\u0131n solu<\/em>\u201d politikas\u0131, darbeleri desteklememe y\u00f6nelimiyle, CHP\u2019nin \u201cdevlettir, ne yapsa yeridir<\/em>\u201d yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda bir yumu\u015famaya i\u015faret etmektedir ki, Ecevit bu tutumunu 12 Eyl\u00fcl 1980 fa\u015fist darbesi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda da s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 12 Mart sonras\u0131 \u201cfa\u015fizmden hesap sorma<\/em>\u201d y\u00f6nelimi ve kontrgerillan\u0131n ele\u015ftirilmesi de bu y\u00f6nde ad\u0131mlard\u0131r. Keyfi ve yasall\u0131kla \u00e7eli\u015fse bile devleti her durumda aklama tutumunun yerine halk\u00e7\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mlar konmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; \u201cyukar\u0131danc\u0131l\u0131k<\/em>\u201d ele\u015ftirisiyle Ecevit bu konudaki tutumunu daha gazeteciyken yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir k\u00f6\u015fede savunmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: \u201cTek parti devrinde Alt\u0131 Ok, halk\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan halka y\u00f6nelmi\u015fti. \u00c7ok partili devirde ise, Alt\u0131 Ok’un \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131 halk olmal\u0131d\u0131r!<\/em>\u201d[3]<\/a> Ancak halk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011fa y\u00f6nelme e\u011filimi ve darbe kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n burjuva devletin sahiplenilmesinde bir zaafa neden olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve hele milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fin dozunun azalmak bir yana artt\u0131\u011f\u0131, K\u0131br\u0131s i\u015fgaliyle kan\u0131tl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Hayalcilik olmas\u0131na hayalciliktir; ancak Ecevit, \u015fairane kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 1973 Se\u00e7imlerinin \u201cAkg\u00fcnlere Bildirgesi<\/em>\u201dnde, CHP\u2019nin eskide kalm\u0131\u015f anti-emperyalizminin yenilenmesinin[4]<\/a> yan\u0131nda \u015f\u00fcphesiz s\u0131n\u0131f i\u015fbirlik\u00e7ili\u011fi perspektifinden eme\u011fi ve haklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu etmekte ve d\u00fczen de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini savunmaktad\u0131r: \u201cEme\u011fin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fer eme\u011fi verenlerde biriksin. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar el ele y\u00fcceltebilsinler \u00fclkeyi. \u0130nsan insan\u0131, yabanc\u0131lar yurdu s\u00f6m\u00fcremesin. Ne yoksulluk ne bask\u0131\u2026 Ne ezilen ne ezen\u2026 \u0130nsanca, hak\u00e7a bir d\u00fczen<\/em>.<\/em>\u201d (\u201cSonu\u00e7<\/em>\u201d b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc)<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u201cToprak i\u015fleyenin su kullanan\u0131n<\/em>\u201d slogan\u0131nda ifadesini bulan k\u00f6yl\u00fclere seslenme tutumunu, Ecevit \u201ck\u00f6y-kent<\/em>\u201d politikas\u0131yla dile getirdi\u011fi k\u00f6ylerin kooperatiflerle kalk\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 savunarak geli\u015ftirme \u00e7abas\u0131nda olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Uzatmak gerekmiyor. Ancak iki noktaya de\u011finmek zorunludur.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Birincisi, Ecevit ve \u201cortan\u0131n solu<\/em>\u201dnun (sonra \u201cdemokratik sol<\/em>\u201d) vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerdir. Ecevit, \u201cemek<\/em>\u201d, \u201c\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck<\/em>\u201d, \u201cfa\u015fizmden hesap soraca\u011f\u0131z<\/em>\u201d, \u201ctoprak i\u015fleyenin su kullanan\u0131n<\/em>\u201d, \u201cinsanca hak d\u00fczen<\/em>\u201d sloganlar\u0131yla beklenti yaratarak kitleleri pe\u015fine takm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, ama takm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r da ne olmu\u015ftur? Emek\u00e7i kitlelerin \u00f6zlem ve talepleriyle beklentileri, hayali bir dava u\u011fruna istismar edilmi\u015f de\u011fil midir? Sonunda Ecevit\u2019in bizzat kendisi, ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u201cdava<\/em>\u201d ile d\u00fczen ele\u015ftirisi ve yeni bir d\u00fczen aray\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7memi\u015f midir? Vazge\u00e7ti\u011fi ve s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen sloganlar\u0131ndan hi\u00e7birine sahip \u00e7\u0131kmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmedi\u011fi bilinmektedir. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, Ecevit hareketi de, ko\u015fullu ve ge\u00e7ici ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131 bir yana, bir burjuva muhalefeti olarak ve emek kitleleriyle ili\u015fkisi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan aldat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00f6te bir \u015fey de\u011fildir, olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u0130kincisi, Ecevit\u2019in \u201cortan\u0131n solu<\/em>\u201dna y\u00fckledi\u011fi i\u015flevdir. Kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cOrtan\u0131n Solu<\/em>\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 kitap\u00e7\u0131kta, Ecevit, bu politikay\u0131 \u201ca\u015f\u0131r\u0131 solun \u00f6n\u00fcndeki en etkili set<\/em><\/strong>\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: \u201cHalk\u0131 adaletsizlikten, yoksulluktan, bask\u0131dan kurtar\u0131c\u0131 ve toplumu sosyal adalet i\u00e7inde kalk\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 tedbirler al\u0131nmazsa, ezilen, yoksulluk \u00e7eken insanlarda birikecek isyan duygular\u0131, kabar\u0131p ta\u015fma noktas\u0131na varabilir. \u0130\u015fte o zaman, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sol<\/strong> ak\u0131mlar, bu isyan duygusunu y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 ve yayg\u0131n bir sel haline getirebilir.<\/em> Ortan\u0131n solu<\/em><\/strong>, bu sele kar\u015f\u0131 en sa\u011flam duvar, en etkili settir.<\/strong><\/em>\u201d Ne denli \u201cd\u00fczen de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi<\/em>\u201d vurgusu yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olursa olsun, bu, s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen kitleleri aldat\u0131p yat\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik bir edebiyattan ibarettir; Ecevit\u2019in deyi\u015fiyle \u201ca\u015f\u0131r\u0131 solun<\/em>\u201d ve \u201cisyan\u0131n<\/em>\u201d, yani devrimin \u201c\u00f6n\u00fcndeki set<\/em>\u201d olarak, \u201cortan\u0131n solu<\/em>\u201d d\u00fczen-i\u00e7i bir reformcu gericilik oldu\u011fu kadar, burjuva devletin \u201cdemokratik<\/em>\u201d bir savunmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u201cOrtan\u0131n solu<\/em>\u201d ile Ecevit\u00e7ilik, CHP\u2019nin, i\u00e7inde ulusal burjuva e\u011filimler de bar\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n tekellerin partisinden orta burjuvazinin (\u00fcst kanad\u0131n\u0131n) yerli ve yabanc\u0131 tekellerle uzla\u015fmac\u0131 reformcu partisine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc temsil ederek ve Sosyalist Enternasyonal\u2019e de \u00fcye yaparak onu sosyal demokrat bir parti olmaya yak\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak Ecevit\u2019in de bir sonu olmu\u015f; DSP\u2019nin ba\u015f\u0131nda son ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00f6nceden olduk\u00e7a net kar\u015f\u0131 tutum ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 MHP ile de koalisyon kurarak, partisini, bu kez F. G\u00fclen ve tarikatlarla yak\u0131nla\u015fm\u0131\u015f olarak, CHP\u2019nin, M. Kemal ve \u0130. \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ile ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerici tekelci bir parti olmas\u0131 noktas\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

CHP\u2019nin 12 Eyl\u00fcl taraf\u0131ndan kapat\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra kurulan SHP, Erdal \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda demokratik bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc de kazanarak, gelene\u011fin, sosyal demokrat partiye en \u00e7ok yakla\u015fan partisi olmu\u015f; zorunlu aran\u0131n ard\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131lan partinin ba\u015f\u0131ndaki Baykal ve \u00fcstelik art\u0131k neoliberal \u00e7izgisiyle CHP, tekellerin bir partisi olarak yeniden kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

b) G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz: K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7daro\u011flu ve CHP<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Partiyi milim ilerletemeyen Baykal, sonunda bir kaset operasyonu da ge\u00e7irdi\u011finde, arkas\u0131ndan hi\u00e7 a\u011flayan olmam\u0131\u015f; bir m\u00fccadele ve program yenilemesi olmadan ekip yenilemesi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ferek, yeni bir umut olarak, \u201cDevrimci Kemal<\/em>\u201d sloganlar\u0131yla ba\u015fkan oldu\u011fu Kongre\u2019de, K. K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7daro\u011flu, CHP\u2019nin art\u0131k \u201cyeni CHP<\/em>\u201d oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Ger\u00e7ekte belirli bir yenilenmenin s\u00f6z\u00fc edilmek gereklidir: fazla g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmadan partinin neoliberal \u00e7izgisi daha belirgin hale gelirken, ilave olarak, \u2013a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmayan ama uygulamadan anla\u015f\u0131lan\u2013 ko\u015fullar\u0131n \u201csoldan<\/em>\u201d y\u00fcr\u00fcmek bak\u0131m\u0131ndan elveri\u015fli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7erikli Baykal varsay\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclerek, partinin direksiyonu Deniz Baykal-\u00d6nder Sav ekibinden daha sa\u011fa k\u0131r\u0131lmasa bile, laisizmin yumu\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yorumlar\u0131 ve milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fin bir t\u0131k a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ekilmesiyle Atat\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc liberalizmin yerine liberal solculuk ikame edilerek, d\u00f6nemin ge\u00e7er ak\u00e7esi say\u0131larak, politikalar, muhafazakarlardan oy derlenmesi ba\u011flam\u0131nda \u00fcretilmeye giri\u015filmi\u015f, \u00f6ncelik ve a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k bu y\u00f6ne verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Ve Baykal CHP\u2019sinden farkl\u0131 olarak, K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7daro\u011flu CHP\u2019si \u201ciktidar<\/em>\u201d aray\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olmu\u015f, partinin yenilenmesi bu yakla\u015f\u0131m uyar\u0131nca ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilirken, eskiden hemen hi\u00e7 g\u00fcndem edinilmeyen ittifaklar sorununa da bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede yakla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; g\u00fcncel bir g\u00fc\u00e7 ve \u00f6nem arz etmedi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclerek, i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek hareketi ve talepleriyle sol e\u011filimlere uzak durulurken, bir yandan tekellerle i\u00e7li d\u0131\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k ve neoliberal politikalar bir yandan da muhafazakarl\u0131k e\u011filimi bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle \u00f6nem kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00d6nce MHP ile birlikte, sonradan bu partiye \u00fcye olan muhafazakar gericili\u011fi tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z Ekmelettin \u0130hsano\u011flu\u2019nun cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, yine eski MHP\u2019li Mansur Yava\u015f\u2019\u0131n Ankara Belediye Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na aday g\u00f6sterilmeleri ve sonra \u0130Y\u0130 Parti ve Saadet Partisi ile cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131\/milletvekili se\u00e7imlerinde ittifak kurulup yerel se\u00e7imlerde \u0130P ile ortak adaylar g\u00f6sterilmesi t\u00fcr\u00fcnden g\u00f6stergelerin t\u00fcm\u00fc, CHP\u2019nin neoliberalizmiyle muhafazakar aleme a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n belirtileridir. Giderek az-\u00e7ok \u201csol<\/em>\u201d e\u011filimli olanlar parti y\u00f6netiminden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken, \u0130stanbul ve Ankara adaylar\u0131 neoliberal muhafazakarlardan, \u0130zmir aday\u0131ysa neoliberal soldan belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u201cKo\u015fullar b\u00f6yle<\/em>\u201d denebilir! Ancak partiler ko\u015fullar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesini etkilemek \u00fczere kurulur ve m\u00fccadele ederler. Aksi durumda da iktidar<\/em> olunamaz de\u011fildir, olunabilir, ama ancak ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f zaaflar\u0131 t\u00f6rp\u00fclenerek, bir dizi \u201ciyile\u015ftirmelerle<\/em>\u201d i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i tekellerle b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak sahiplerinin iktidar\u0131 peki\u015ftirilebilir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Kimin haklar\u0131 ve kim i\u00e7in muhalefet?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u015eimdi, CHP, i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7ilerin belirli taleplerini dillendirmiyor ve \u00f6zellikle enflasyonun, i\u015fsizli\u011fin, yoksullu\u011fun zamlarla vergilerin t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f\u0131na neden olan ve krizi derinle\u015ftirme y\u00f6n\u00fcnde etkide bulunan AKP ve tek adam y\u00f6netiminin ekonomi politikalar\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftirmiyor mu? Tabii ki, dillendirip ele\u015ftiriyor. Ancak hangi muhalefet partisi bunu yapmaz ve halk\u0131 sahiplendi\u011fi imaj\u0131n\u0131 vermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaz ki? Hat\u0131rlans\u0131n, AKP de en ba\u015fta yoksullukla yoksunluklar\u0131 su\u00e7layarak h\u00fck\u00fcmet olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Ancak CHP muhalefetinin omurgas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan bunlar de\u011fil, tek adam rejimi ve AKP ele\u015ftirisidir, i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7ilerin talepleri, g\u00fcndem edinildi\u011fi kadar\u0131yla, burjuva muhalefetin g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesine kat\u0131k edilmektedir!<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

CHP, evet, ifade, bas\u0131n, toplant\u0131-g\u00f6steri vb. t\u00fcr\u00fcnden burjuva demokratik i\u00e7erikli en s\u0131radan hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri ve hatta insanca ya\u015fama hakk\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7i\u011fneyerek, yasama ve yarg\u0131y\u0131 da kendi y\u00fcr\u00fctmesine ba\u011flayan tek adam rejimine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Ama hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri ni\u00e7in ve kim i\u00e7in istemektedir \u2013i\u015f\u00e7iler, memurlar, gen\u00e7lerle kad\u0131nlar ve ezilen halklar, \u00f6rne\u011fin K\u00fcrtler i\u00e7in mi? Kim, hakkaniyetle \u201cevet<\/em>\u201d diyebilir bu soruya? Sendikal \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri savundu\u011fu nerede g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr CHP\u2019nin \u00f6rne\u011fin? Metal i\u015f\u00e7ileri, aya\u011fa kalk\u0131p, i\u015f\u00e7ilerden habersiz k\u00f6t\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fc bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme imzalayarak kendilerini MESS patronlar\u0131na satan T\u00fcrk Metal\u2019den kitlesel olarak istifaya y\u00f6nelerek, Birle\u015fik Metal\u2019e mi ge\u00e7elim yoksa yeni sendika m\u0131 kural\u0131m diye tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda, CHP\u2019yi yanlar\u0131nda g\u00f6ren oldu mu? KESK \u00f6rne\u011fin, SHP ve DSP\u2019nin koalisyon h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerinde yer ald\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde de grev hakk\u0131na sahip de\u011fildi ve kamu emek\u00e7ilerinin toplu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri YHK\u2019nda ba\u011f\u0131tlan\u0131rd\u0131. Ya K\u00fcrtler? Son yerel se\u00e7imlerde b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirler HDP deste\u011fiyle al\u0131nmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, CHP, \u015fimdiye kadarki t\u00fcm s\u0131n\u0131r-\u00f6tesine asker g\u00f6nderme tezkerelerine olumlu oy kullan\u0131p vekil dokunulmazl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na destek vermedi mi?<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Hay\u0131r, halk\u0131n hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerini savunmamaktad\u0131r CHP; muhalefet partisi olarak, as\u0131l, kendisini ve t\u00fcm devlet olanaklar\u0131n\u0131 yeni yetme AKP-yanda\u015f\u0131 tekellere ak\u0131t\u0131p kendi dayanaklar\u0131 olan geleneksel tekelleri ve geri kalan burjuva kesimleri d\u0131\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in tek adam rejimine kar\u015f\u0131d\u0131r ve \u201cerkler<\/em>\u201din yasama-y\u00fcr\u00fctme ve yarg\u0131 olarak birli\u011fi de\u011fil ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 talep etmektedir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Bu, \u015furadan da a\u00e7\u0131k ve net bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir ki, CHP, tekellerin genel \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131yla burjuva devletin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 konu oldu\u011funda<\/em><\/strong>; tekellerle devletin s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc ve bask\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki emek\u00e7i halk\u0131n \u2013s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc ve vergilerin art\u0131\u015f\u0131, bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn akrabalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcp yaralanmalar\u0131 ve hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin iyice s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131yla\u2013 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131racak olmas\u0131na ve a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na ald\u0131rmadan AKP ve tek adam y\u00f6netimiyle \u00e7eki\u015fmesini bir \u00e7\u0131rp\u0131da unutmaktad\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Bir \u00f6rnek<\/em><\/strong>, bu y\u0131l\u0131n A\u011fustos\u2019unda 4+4 zam art\u0131\u015f\u0131yla ba\u011f\u0131tlanan 500 bin kamu i\u015f\u00e7isini ilgilendiren toplus\u00f6zle\u015fme g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleridir. CHP bu s\u00fcrecin neresindeydi, duyan olmu\u015f mudur? Ne kamuyu temsil eden h\u00fck\u00fcmete ne de Ko\u00e7 vb. holdinglere y\u00f6nelik tek laf etti CHP. Grup Ba\u015fkanvekili \u00d6. \u00d6zel, mikrofonu a\u00e7\u0131k unutup sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ele veren T\u00fcrk-\u0130\u015f Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Erg\u00fcn Atalay\u2019\u0131 ele\u015ftirdi sadece! \u0130\u015f\u00e7ilerin as\u0131l muhataplar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelen Ko\u00e7 Holding en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck zam teklifinde bulunand\u0131. CHP, uzaktan izlemekle yetindi. Ancak herkes Ko\u00e7 ile H\u00fck\u00fcmet ve sessiz kalarak CHP\u2019nin ayn\u0131 safta birle\u015ftiklerine tan\u0131k oldu.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u0130kinci \u00f6rnek<\/em><\/strong>, AKP-MHP ittifak\u0131n\u0131n geride b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerel se\u00e7imlerin ard\u0131ndan erken se\u00e7im talebinde bulunmayarak, CHP\u2019nin, AKP\u2019ye tek adam rejimini tazeleyip g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme olana\u011f\u0131 sunmas\u0131d\u0131r. Halk\u0131 ve krizin tahribat\u0131yla birlikte halka y\u00f6neltilmi\u015f ekonomik ve siyasal sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 ve halk\u0131n dertlerinden kurtulmas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen bir partinin, hele imkan\u0131 varken, AKP ve tek adam y\u00f6netiminin \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc uzatmas\u0131na f\u0131rsat tan\u0131mas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir mi?<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00f6rnekse, en son Suriye\u2019de \u201cg\u00fcvenli b\u00f6lge olu\u015fturma<\/em>\u201dya y\u00f6nelik askeri harekatt\u0131r. CHP, AKP\u2019nin pe\u015fine tak\u0131larak, sava\u015f\u0131n sorumlulu\u011funu \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir. Hem Suriye\u2019ye asker g\u00f6nderilmesine Meclis\u2019te \u201cevet<\/em>\u201d diyerek hem de \u201cdevletin bekas\u0131<\/em>\u201d yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131yla sava\u015fa kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmayarak… Geriye \u201csava\u015f<\/em>\u201dt\u0131 \u201csava\u015f de\u011fil<\/em>\u201ddi, \u201cate\u015fkes<\/em>\u201dti yok de\u011fildi, \u201cara vermek<\/em>\u201dti tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

A\u00e7maz\u0131n iki kayna\u011f\u0131: milliyet\u00e7ilik ve devlet kuruculu\u011fu<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Sadece AKP milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi t\u0131rmand\u0131rarak \u201cter\u00f6r destek\u00e7ili\u011fi<\/em>\u201d su\u00e7lamas\u0131yla y\u00fcklenirse \u201cben ne yapar\u0131m<\/em>\u201d cesaretsizli\u011fi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 herhalde a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u0130ki \u015fey tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u0130lk olarak<\/em><\/strong>, yay\u0131lmac\u0131l\u0131k, burjuvazinin, \u00f6zellikle tekellerin do\u011fas\u0131nda vard\u0131r. Irak\u2019taki IBKY b\u00f6lgesinin imar\u0131ndan ve pazar olana\u011f\u0131ndan sa\u011flanan kazan\u00e7lar\u0131 hat\u0131rlayan tekellerin hele krizin ortas\u0131nda yeni bir benzer f\u0131rsat \u00e7\u0131kabilecek olmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131n suyunun akt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilebilir. \u00dcstelik burjuvazi milli tekelcilik ve milliyet\u00e7ilik tekeli demektir. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuvazi de i\u00e7inde olmak \u00fczere, burjuva tabakalar\u0131n hi\u00e7biri milliyet\u00e7ilikte birbirlerinden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kalmazlar. Yine de tekelci burjuvazi, bu a\u00e7\u0131dan en ileridedir. Tekel ve tekelci kapitalizm, ayn\u0131 zamanda uluslararas\u0131la\u015fma ve kozmopolitizmdir de, ancak bunlar milliyet\u00e7ilik madalyonunun arka y\u00fcz\u00fc ve tamamlay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r; pazarlarla kaynaklar\u0131n en ileri d\u00fczeyde ya\u011fmalanmas\u0131 olan tekel, elindeki pazarlar\u0131 koruma oldu\u011fu kadar, yenilerini ele ge\u00e7irme e\u011filimindedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla tekel, milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fin t\u00f6rp\u00fclenmesine de\u011fil, tersine, t\u0131rmand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. CHP\u2019nin milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi<\/em><\/strong> de tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r t\u00fcrden de\u011fildir<\/em><\/strong> ve AKP ile yar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelmektedir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Ve milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fin, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fiyle \u00f6v\u00fcnen CHP\u2019nin yurtseverlikle bir alakas\u0131 yoktur. CHP\u2019nin \u201cAlt\u0131ok<\/em>\u201dundan biri olan ve Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n c\u0131l\u0131z anti-emperyalizminin ifadesi olarak form\u00fcle edilen milliyet\u00e7ilik, CHP\u2019nin geli\u015fme s\u00fcrecinde, daha 1930\u2019lara gelinirken, burjuvazinin, ba\u015fta K\u00fcrtler olmak \u00fczere ba\u015fka uluslarla hesapla\u015fmas\u0131 ve ulusal bask\u0131n\u0131n ifadesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f ve art\u0131k anti-emperyalizm \u00fczerinden de\u011fil, ama buradan \u015fekillenmi\u015ftir. Ve bu, emperyalizm kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda tutum almak olarak yurtseverlikle bir alakas\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, tamamen gericiliktir de.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

CHP, cesaretsizli\u011finden de\u011fil, \u00fcstelik kendisinin Esad\u2019la anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nerisini tamamen d\u0131\u015flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, tekelci burjuvazinin genel \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 ve bu \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n bir y\u00f6n\u00fc ve unsuru olarak milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi benimseyip savundu\u011fu i\u00e7in<\/em><\/strong> son K\u00fcrt Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda AKP ve politikalar\u0131yla birle\u015fmi\u015f, tek adam y\u00f6netiminin muhalifi olmas\u0131na ve krizin ortas\u0131nda giri\u015filen sava\u015f\u0131n bu y\u00f6netimi zay\u0131flat\u0131p devrilmesine yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fine ald\u0131rmadan, i\u00e7eriye ve d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya \u201cbirle\u015fik tek T\u00fcrkiye<\/em>\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u0130kinci olarak<\/em><\/strong>, burjuva devlet, kapitalist s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u0131\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131p s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc d\u00fczeninin s\u00fcrmesinin bek\u00e7ili\u011fini \u00fcstlendi\u011fi kadar, t\u00fcm burjuvazinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n garantisi ve egemenli\u011finin ayg\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. Ve CHP\u2019nin \u201cAlt\u0131ok<\/em>\u201dunun biri olan \u201cdevlet\u00e7ilik<\/em>\u201d, yaln\u0131zca \u201cdevlet\u00e7i ekonomi<\/em>\u201d ya da ekonomide devlet i\u015fletmecili\u011fi olarak devlet\u00e7ili\u011fin benimsenmesini de\u011fil, ama burjuva devlet ve bekas\u0131n\u0131n en temel de\u011fer olarak benimsenmesi ve her konu ve olguya devletin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 ve \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc esas al\u0131narak yakla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder. Ekonomide devlet\u00e7ilik ve devlet i\u015fletmecili\u011fi, neoliberal d\u00f6nemde zaten bizzat CHP taraf\u0131ndan da \u00e7oktan a\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve savunulmamaktad\u0131r, ancak devletin ve bekas\u0131n\u0131n her \u015feyin \u00fcst\u00fcnde tutulmas\u0131\u2013 i\u015fte bu, CHP\u2019yi CHP yapan temel niteleyici \u00f6gelerin ba\u015f\u0131nda gelmektedir. CHP\u2019nin en \u00f6nde gelen \u00f6v\u00fcn\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 \u201cdevlet kuruculu\u011fu<\/em><\/strong>\u201ddur. \u201cDevleti ben kurdum<\/em>\u201d yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, CHP\u2019yi devlete ve devlet savunuculu\u011funa e\u015fitleyerek y\u00fcceltilen ba\u015fl\u0131ca CHP de\u011ferlerindendir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Kimse, AKP-MHP ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u201cdevletin bekas\u0131<\/em>\u201d ajitasyonunu son yerel se\u00e7imleri kaybetmemenin dayana\u011f\u0131 haline getirme giri\u015fimine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na bakarak, konunun CHP a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sanmas\u0131n. CHP, \u201cbeka<\/em>\u201d sorununun bir \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7imlerde ya da bir ba\u015fka zaman hi\u00e7 savunmad\u0131; s\u00f6yledi\u011fi, se\u00e7imlerin beka tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n yeri ve zaman\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131ysa, AKP-MHP ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u201cse\u00e7imleri CHP al\u0131rsa beka sorunu olu\u015fur<\/em>\u201d su\u00e7lamas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u201csiz ne diyorsunuz, bu devleti ben kurdum<\/em>\u201d tutumuyla su\u00e7lamay\u0131 bertaraf etmekti.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Ve CHP, asker g\u00f6nderme tezkeresine \u201cevet<\/em>\u201d deyip sava\u015f\u0131 desteklemesiyle, \u201cdevletin bekas\u0131<\/em>\u201d sorunu olu\u015ftu\u011funda, her \u015feyin teferruat ve boynunun k\u0131ldan ince oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Say\u0131lan CHP pratikleri, lafta s\u00f6ylenenler ne olursa olsun, halk, talepleri olarak demokratik hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler, sava\u015f ya da bar\u0131\u015f ve tek adam y\u00f6netimine muhalefet s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda sahip olunan gerici niteli\u011fin belirtileridir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Buradan, CHP ile AKP ve MHP\u2019yi, ortakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve tek adam y\u00f6nelimlerini bir tutmak ve aralar\u0131nda fark g\u00f6rmeyip, ikisine kar\u015f\u0131 ayn\u0131 taktik tutumlar\u0131 alman\u0131n gerekli oldu\u011fu sonucu mu \u00e7\u0131kar? Elbette \u00e7\u0131kmaz. \u00c7\u0131kacak sonu\u00e7, CHP ve ittifaklar\u0131yla \u201cher \u015feyin \u00e7ok g\u00fczel olaca\u011f\u0131<\/em>\u201d beklentisine kap\u0131lman\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Erdo\u011fan kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131na indirgenmi\u015f demokratizm<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\u00d6te yandan, CHP\u2019nin \u201ckuvvetler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em>\u201d vurgusuyla yasama, y\u00fcr\u00fctme ve yarg\u0131n\u0131n birbirlerini dengelemesini savunarak \u201cmeclisin i\u015flevselle\u015fmesi<\/em>\u201d ve \u201chukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/em>\u201dn\u00fc y\u00fcceltip tek adam y\u00f6netimini su\u00e7lamas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle tutars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortadad\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

CHP, bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc tek adam y\u00f6netiminin yerine ne koymak istedi\u011fini tan\u0131mlamamakta ve hedefini genel s\u00f6zlerle ve konuyu flu b\u0131rakarak ge\u00e7i\u015ftirmektedir. \u201cEski parlamenter sisteme d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f<\/em>\u201d de\u011fildir istedi\u011fi, laf aras\u0131nda \u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Eskisinin en ba\u015fta halk\u0131 tatmin etmedi\u011fi ve halk\u0131n egemenli\u011finin arac\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in eskiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir talep olu\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmektedir CHP. Peki, yerine ne \u00f6nermektedir? Eskisinden fark\u0131n\u0131n ne oldu\u011fu ve olaca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir \u201cg\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmi\u015f parlamenter sistem<\/em>\u201d! At m\u0131d\u0131r deve midir, belli de\u011fildir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Ancak \u015funlar tamamen bellidir:<\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

1)<\/strong> CHP, \u201cmeclis<\/em>\u201d ve \u201chak, hukuk, adalet<\/em>\u201d ve \u201chukuk devleti<\/em>\u201d vurgular\u0131 yap\u0131p, meclisin i\u015flevsizle\u015ftirilmesi ve adaletsizliklerle \u201cyarg\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fctmeye ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em>\u201dndan \u015fikayet ederek ve \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi b\u00fcy\u00fctme ve u\u00e7urma<\/em>\u201d yerine \u201ck\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclten<\/em>\u201d ve \u201ckrize s\u00fcr\u00fckleyen<\/em>\u201d tek adam y\u00f6netiminin keyfili\u011fini ele\u015ftiriyor. Ancak ele\u015ftirmekle yetinip AKP gerileyip g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczle\u015fmesine ve bir h\u00fck\u00fcmet de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirmesine kar\u015f\u0131n hen\u00fcz kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na net bir alternatif koymu\u015f de\u011fil. \u00dcstelik \u201cmeclis<\/em>\u201d ve \u201cadalet<\/em>\u201d vb. vurgular\u0131na ra\u011fmen tek adam y\u00f6netimi ele\u015ftirisi de tavsam\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc vermekte, keyfili\u011fi bir yana bu y\u00f6netim bi\u00e7iminin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi vurgusundan geri durulmaktad\u0131r. Ele\u015ftiri, tek adam sisteminden \u00e7ok, keyfili\u011fi su\u00e7lanarak Erdo\u011fan kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6neliktir. Evet, bir rejim ele\u015ftirisi b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle geri \u00e7ekilmi\u015f de\u011fildir, ancak bu ele\u015ftiri zay\u0131flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan, Erdo\u011fan ve keyfili\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Tek adam rejimi ele\u015ftirisi, bir demokratikle\u015fme sorunu olarak ele al\u0131nmak yerine Erdo\u011fan ve AKP kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131na indirgenmi\u015ftir. Erdo\u011fan ve AKP gitse, her \u015fey g\u00fcll\u00fck g\u00fclistanl\u0131k ya da amiyane tabirle \u201c\u00e7ok g\u00fczel olacak<\/em><\/strong>\u201dt\u0131r!<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Oysa, b\u0131rakal\u0131m Erdo\u011fan ve AKP kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131na indirgenmesini, tek adam y\u00f6netimine kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele, demokrasi m\u00fccadelesinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak anla\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131 ve demokrasinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi ve savunulmas\u0131, yaln\u0131zca \u201cmeclise i\u015flev kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/em>\u201d, \u201ckuvvetler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilkesinin ge\u00e7erli k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131<\/em>\u201d ve \u201cadalet<\/em>\u201d gibi genel ve soyut taleplerin hayata ge\u00e7irilmesinin hedeflenmesiyle ge\u00e7i\u015ftirilmeyip; ifade, bas\u0131n, toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri, siyasal ve sendikal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme vb. hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin kazan\u0131lmas\u0131na ba\u011flanman\u0131n yan\u0131nda i\u015f\u00e7i ve emek\u00e7ilerin sosyal haklar\u0131n\u0131 da kapsayacak \u015fekilde geni\u015fletilmelidir. E\u011fer demokrasinin \u201chalk egemenli\u011fi<\/em>\u201d oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyorsa ve s\u00fcr\u00fclecekse, evet, halk egemenli\u011fi kurulmal\u0131d\u0131r, ancak bu egemenli\u011finin ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fc ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi olana\u011f\u0131 yoktur.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

2)<\/strong> Merkezi ve yerel y\u00f6netimlere aday olup se\u00e7ilen ya da se\u00e7ilemeyip adayl\u0131ktan \u00f6te gidemeyen y\u00f6neticilerinin yakla\u015f\u0131m ve tutumlar\u0131 da, CHP\u2019nin demokrasi ve tek adam y\u00f6netimi sorunu kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki pratik pozisyonunu i\u015faret ederek, fikir vericidir. Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na aday olan M. \u0130nce, tek adaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 benimsemekte Erdo\u011fan\u2019dan hi\u00e7 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kalmam\u0131\u015f, her konuda s\u00fcrekli \u201cben<\/em><\/strong> \u015funu yapaca\u011f\u0131m<\/em>\u201d, \u201cben<\/em><\/strong> bunu yapaca\u011f\u0131m<\/em>\u201d yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymu\u015ftu. \u201cCHP\u2019nin muhaliflerindendir<\/em>\u201d, \u00f6rnek olamaz denebilir. Ama adayl\u0131k ve ba\u015fkanl\u0131k d\u00f6nemlerindeki yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 da, tutum ve \u2013yerel meclis konu\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 dakikalarla s\u0131n\u0131rlama \u00f6rne\u011finde oldu\u011fu gibi\u2013 uygulamalar\u0131 da \u201ctek adaml\u0131k<\/em>\u201d belirtisi olan \u2013ikisi de, zaman\u0131nda Ecevit\u2019in tasfiye ettiklerinden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kalmamacas\u0131na muhafazakarlar olan\u2013 Ekrem \u0130mamo\u011flu ve Mansur Yava\u015f, biliniyor, CHP\u2019nin yeni y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

CHP\u2019nin yerli ve yabanc\u0131 tekellere herhangi bir ele\u015ftiri y\u00f6neltmiyor olmas\u0131 ve verilen \u00f6rneklerde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, tersine, tekellerin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 onaylay\u0131p y\u00fcksek sesle ya da sessiz kalarak savunmas\u0131yla birle\u015fti\u011finde, rejimin de\u011fil ama as\u0131l olarak Erdo\u011fan ve keyfili\u011finin su\u00e7lanmas\u0131yla yetinilmesinin anlam\u0131 netle\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Kapitalist tekel, siyasal gericilik ve dikte e\u011filimini temsil etti\u011fi kadar, \u00fcretim ve sermayenin yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131yla merkezile\u015fmesinin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ve ifadesidir. Ekonomide sermayenin yo\u011funla\u015fma ve merkezile\u015fmesi demek olan tekelin, siyasette g\u00fc\u00e7 yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131 ve merkezile\u015fmesi e\u011filimi \u00fcretmek yerine buna kar\u015f\u0131 olmas\u0131 \u2013\u00f6zel ko\u015fullar ve onlar\u0131 ko\u015fullayan \u00f6zel nedenler bir yana b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131rsa\u2013 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez. Ekonomik etkinli\u011fini, i\u015fin ve \u00fcretimle sermayenin geli\u015fkin bir yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131 zemininde, en ileri d\u00fczeyde merkezile\u015fmi\u015f planlama, karar mekanizmas\u0131 ve y\u00f6netimiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren tekelin, siyasette, ne demokrasi, ne liberalizm ve ne ademi merkeziyet\u00e7ilik \u00fcretmesi ve ne de bunlarla ba\u011fda\u015fmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bunlara, sadece katlanabilir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc tekellerin egemenli\u011fi demokrasi ya da ademi merkeziyet\u00e7ilik ko\u015fullar\u0131nda s\u00fcremez ve s\u00fcrmeyecek de\u011fildir. Ve tekellerin veya baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n genel de\u011fil, ama yaln\u0131zca konjonkt\u00fcrel ve ge\u00e7ici \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 belirli ko\u015fullarda belirli siyasal merkezile\u015fme bi\u00e7imleriyle uyumsuzluk g\u00f6sterip de\u011fi\u015fik tercihlerde bulunmay\u0131 gerektirebilir. Somut olarak; g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de oldu\u011fu gibi, siyasal merkezile\u015fme tekellerin genel \u00e7\u0131kar ve ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, tercihan ve keyfi olarak tekeller aras\u0131ndaki rekabette belirli tekel ya da tekel gruplar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zel \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zetip as\u0131l olarak onlara dayan\u0131rken, ba\u015fka baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zel \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmesi, hatta bazen bu \u00f6zel \u00e7\u0131karlara zarar vermesi, bu muameleyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fan gruplar\u0131n belirli bir tek adam egemenli\u011finden yana olmamalar\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir ve a\u00e7ar. Ko\u00e7, Sabanc\u0131, Eczac\u0131ba\u015f\u0131 ve Anadolu (T. \u00d6zilhan) vb. tekelci gruplar\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin geleneksel tekellerinin Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n tek adam y\u00f6netimi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki pozisyonlar\u0131 budur. \u00d6yle ki, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak temsil edildikleri ve y\u00f6netiminde olduklar\u0131 T\u00dcS\u0130AD, hatta AKP yanda\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kuzey Suriye\u2019ye y\u00f6nelik son i\u015fgal ve K\u00fcrt Sava\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda sessiz kalmak ve destek vermemekle ele\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

CHP\u2019nin tek adam y\u00f6netimi ve keyfili\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki pozisyonu da bu tekel gruplar\u0131n\u0131n paralelindedir ve siyasal olarak bu tutumu dillendiriyor g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Sorun da zaten buradad\u0131r ve a\u00e7maz\u0131n iki kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak milliyet\u00e7ilikle devlet kuruculu\u011fu burada anlamlanmaktad\u0131r. Evet, CHP, uzla\u015fmalar\u0131 ve birle\u015fmelerini de kapsayarak, tek adam y\u00f6netimini hedef alan belirli bir demokrasi savunuculu\u011fu yapmaktad\u0131r. Ancak bu demokrasinin, halk\u0131 aldat\u0131p yedeklemek i\u00e7in s\u0131k s\u0131k yinelenerek lafta halk\u0131n egemenli\u011fi<\/em><\/strong>ne e\u015fitlenmesine kar\u015f\u0131n, s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen ve ezilen halk s\u0131n\u0131f ve tabakalar\u0131n\u0131n demokrasiye kavu\u015fmalar\u0131yla bir ilgisi yoktur. Halk egemenli\u011fi<\/em><\/strong> ve halk demokrasisi<\/em><\/strong> i\u00e7in tekeller ve\u00a0 i\u015fbirlik\u00e7ili\u011fini yapt\u0131klar\u0131 emperyalizme kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fctmek \u015fartt\u0131r. CHP \u015f\u00fcphesiz b\u00f6yle bir m\u00fccadele i\u00e7inde de\u011fildir; tersine tekellerin s\u00f6zc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne soyunmu\u015ftur ve tamamen tekelci kapitalizm ko\u015fullar\u0131nda bir \u201cdemokrasi<\/em>\u201d aray\u0131\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu da, ancak t\u0131rnak i\u00e7inde bir demokrasi, g\u00fcd\u00fck m\u00fc g\u00fcd\u00fck, ancak keyfili\u011fin t\u00f6rp\u00fclenece\u011fi, tekeller ve tekel-d\u0131\u015f\u0131 burjuvazi i\u00e7in demokrasi, \u00f6zetle art\u0131k onun bile garantisi emek\u00e7i y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n m\u00fccadelesi olabilen burjuva demokrasisi<\/em><\/strong>dir. Burjuva diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yani. \u0130ktidar dizginlerinin tekellerin elinde topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 burjuvazinin egemenli\u011fi. Bu demokraside s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen kitlelerin pay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen ancak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fme olana\u011f\u0131 olmayan bir miktar demokratik hakt\u0131r. Art\u0131k onlar da, \u00f6rne\u011fin Almanya ve Fransa\u2019da oldu\u011fu gibi polis devleti uygulamalar\u0131yla ku\u015fa \u00e7evrilen burjuva demokrasinin c\u0131l\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u00fcd\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirtmek \u00fczere ciddi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerde s\u0131n\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

*<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Nokta koyarken, \u201cmajestelerinin muhalefeti<\/em>\u201d nitelikli bu t\u00fcr burjuva muhalefetin; ba\u015fl\u0131ca demokratikle\u015fme ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerle ilgili program, politika ve tutumlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7mazlarla dolu oldu\u011fu, \u201chepimizin i\u00e7inde oldu\u011fu gemi<\/em>\u201d tan\u0131m\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin, \u015f\u00fcphesiz ki mali sermaye ve tekellerin egemenli\u011fi ve \u201cy\u00fcksek<\/em>\u201d ulusal \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 temsil ediyor olmas\u0131yla \u201cy\u00fccelerin y\u00fccesi<\/em>\u201d burjuva devletin bekas\u0131n\u0131n lehine \u201c\u00fc\u00e7 kuru\u015fluk<\/em>\u201d muhaliflikten tek adam y\u00f6netiminin destek\u00e7ili\u011fine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febildi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenmelidir; bu, \u00f6rnekleriyle kan\u0131tl\u0131d\u0131r. Son sava\u015f ortam\u0131nda hangi demokratikle\u015fme ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin s\u00f6z\u00fc edilebilirse, CHP muhalefetinin ancak o kadar\u0131ndan yana oldu\u011fu ve ancak o kadar\u0131n\u0131 savunup istedi\u011fi herhalde a\u00e7\u0131k olmal\u0131d\u0131r!<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Bundan daha b\u00fcy\u00fck a\u00e7maz m\u0131 olur?! Ve hele CHP muhalefetinin ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclecek bundan daha iyi bir \u201cba\u015far\u0131<\/em>\u201d g\u00f6stergesi mi bulunabilir? Bu, muhalefet olmakla ilgisinin kurulmas\u0131 iyice zorla\u015fm\u0131\u015f muhalefetin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131, hemen sadece AKP ve liderinin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, en temelde halk\u0131n tek\u00e7i keyfilikten \u00e7ok i\u015fsizlik, yoksulluk ve sefaletten b\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve ne olursa olsun bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik aray\u0131\u015f\u0131na y\u00f6nelmesine, bu aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n aldat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131kla yedeklenmesi ve bunun i\u00e7in gereken g\u00fc\u00e7lerin bir araya toplanabilmesi becerisine kalm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

CHP ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ku\u015fku yok ki daha gerici bir konumda olan \u0130Y\u0130 Parti ve dinci milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi bir yana burjuvazinin daha geri ama hi\u00e7 de\u011filse tekel-d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kesimini temsil eden Saadet Partisi\u2019nin muhalefeti \u00fczerinde durman\u0131n, hele ayr\u0131nt\u0131ya girmenin bir \u00f6nemi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, gere\u011fi de yok.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Burjuva muhalefetin demokrasi talebi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bile sefil bir durumda olmas\u0131n\u0131n, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n devrimci muhalefetine olan acil ihtiyac\u0131n alt\u0131n\u0131 kal\u0131nca \u00e7izdi\u011fi ise tart\u0131\u015fma g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez bir ger\u00e7ek. Devrimci s\u0131n\u0131f partisine d\u00fc\u015fen, her zamankinden daha \u00e7ok, acil taleplerden hareketle bu ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n

\r\n\r\n\r\n

[1]<\/a> Engels, benzerli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k olarak belirtir: \u201cTek tek kapitalistler aras\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi, sanayiler ve \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda da, az ya da \u00e7ok elveri\u015fli olduklar\u0131na g\u00f6re, var ya da yok olmay\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131ran \u015fey, do\u011fal ya da yapay \u00fcretim ko\u015fullar\u0131d\u0131r. Yenik, g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn ya\u015f\u0131na bak\u0131lmadan elenir. Bu, bireyin, do\u011fadan topluma on kat ta\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131kla aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Darvinci ya\u015fama sava\u015f\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Hayvan\u0131n do\u011fadaki durumu, insan geli\u015fmesinin en y\u00fcksek a\u015famas\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/em>\u201d (Engels, Anti Duhring, Sol Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.pdf, sf. 433).<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

[2]<\/a> Lenin, Uluslar\u0131n Kaderlerini Tayin Hakk\u0131, Sol Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 8. Bask\u0131, sf. 192-193, ab\u00e7.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

[3]<\/a> 1954 May\u0131s, http:\/\/ecevityazilari.org\/items\/show\/223<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

[4]<\/a> Bunu, ha\u015fha\u015f ekimi yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rma y\u00f6nelimi ve petrollerin ulusalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla kan\u0131tlamaya giri\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kadir Yal\u00e7\u0131n Tekellerin egemenli\u011fi ve emperyalizm \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda, burjuva muhalefet ba\u015ftan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7maz demektir. Temel nedeni \u015fudur ki; birinci se\u00e7enekte, burjuva muhalefet ya tekelci burjuvazinin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 savunmaya dayal\u0131 bir muhalefettir ve bu durumda d\u00f6rt ba\u015f\u0131 mamur bir \u201cmajestelerinin muhalefeti\u201ddir. G\u00f6rece de\u011fi\u015fik g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u00fc ba\u015fl\u0131ca iki \u00f6rne\u011finden biri, tahterevallinin iki yan\u0131nda \u2013kelimenin ger\u00e7ek anlam\u0131yla da\u2013 oturan ve biri di\u011ferinin ard\u0131ndan \u00fclkeyi y\u00f6netip yerini […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1049,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[505,378,328],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1048","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-36-sayi-kasim-2019","category-ic-politika","category-kadir-yalcin"],"yoast_head":"\nA\u00e7mazlar\u0131yla burjuva muhalefet\ufeff<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/teoriveeylem.net\/tr\/2019\/11\/21\/acmazlariyla-burjuva-muhalefet\ufeff\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale:alternate\" content=\"en_EN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A\u00e7mazlar\u0131yla burjuva muhalefet\ufeff\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kadir Yal\u00e7\u0131n Tekellerin egemenli\u011fi ve emperyalizm \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda, burjuva muhalefet ba\u015ftan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7maz demektir. Temel nedeni \u015fudur ki; birinci se\u00e7enekte, burjuva muhalefet ya tekelci burjuvazinin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 savunmaya dayal\u0131 bir muhalefettir ve bu durumda d\u00f6rt ba\u015f\u0131 mamur bir \u201cmajestelerinin muhalefeti\u201ddir. 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